BEAUREGARD, bu're-giird% Fr. pron. b(Yr' giir' or 136egiir', PIERRE GUSTAVE MUTANT ( 1818 93). A Confederate general in the Civil War. He was born in New Orleans, graduated at West Point in 1838, and in the same year became sec ond lieutenant in the engineer corps. He was engaged in important engineering work at New port, Barataria Bay. and Fort McHenry until 1846, when he was sent to Mexico. and dis tinguished himself in the war there. lie became captain of engineers in March, 1853; was en gaged in the construction of fortifications at Mobile. Lake Ponehartrain, and New Orleans until 1860, and in November of that year was appointed superintendent of West Point, which position he resigned on February 20, 1861, to serve in the Confederate Army. Ile was imme diately made brigadier-general and placed in command of Charleston, where, on April 12-13, by the bombardment of Fort Sumter (q.v.), he began the Civil War. He defeated the Federal General McDowell at the first battle of Bull Run on July 21, and on the next day was raised to the rank of general. At the battle of Shiloh on April 6-7, 1862, he was second in command (luring the first day, and on the death of Gen. A. S. John
ston assumed chief command, subsequently with drawing to Corinth, where he remained, in the face of General Halleek's sluggard advance, until May 29. In 1863 he defended Charleston against the attacks of Admirals Dupont and Dabigren, and in the following year was in command at Petersburg, Va., where he re tarded General Grant's advance upon Rich mond. He afterwards served with the Division of the West, and surrendered with Johnston to General Sherman on April 26, 1865. After the war he was president of the New Orleans, Jackson and Mississippi Railroad from 1865 to 1870, became Adjutant-General of Louisiana in 1878, and for some years was manager of the State Lottery. He declined an appointment to the chief command of the Rumanian troops in 1866, and, three years later, a similar appoint ment from the Khedive of Egypt. Consult Roman, Military Operations of General Beau regard (New York, 1333).