WINES, FREDERIC": HowAIM ( 1838—) . An American sociologist, horn in Philadelphia, Pa. He graduated at Washington College (Pa.), in 1857; was chaplain in the United States Army from 1862 to 1804, and after graduating at the Princeton Theological Seminary in 1865. became pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Springfield, Ill. From 1869 to 1893 he was secretary, and in 1883 president, of the Illinois State Board of Commissioners of Public Chari ties. Besides giving much time to the work of the National Conferences of Charities and Cor rection. the International Prison Congress. and the National Prison Assoeiation, he lectured on these subjects at Harvard, Princeton. the Johns Hopkins University, and elsewhere. ITe had charge of the statistics of crime and pauperism for the Tenth and Eleventh Censuses, and was assistant director of the Twelfth Census. His publications include Punishment and Reforma tion (1895). a standard work, and The Liquor Problem in Its Legislative Aspects (1897).
The of Cowley County, Kan.. 225 miles southwest of Kansas City, on the Walnut River, and on the Atchison. Topeka and Santa Fe. the Saint Louis and San Francisco, and the Missouri Pacific railroads (Map: Kansas. F 4). It is the seat of the State Imbecile Asylum, of the Southwest Kansas College (Methodist Episcopal), opened in 1886. and Saint Lutheran College. opened in 1893. Winfield is the commercial centre of a section engaged in farming and stock-raising. and containing a supply of natural gas. There are flouring mills, grain elevators, machine shops, and a large produce-packing establishment. limestone is extensively quarried in the vicinity. Under the charter of 1878, the government is vested in a mayor, chosen biennially, and a cameral council. Winfield was settled in 1870, and was incorporated the following year. lation, in 1890, 5184; in 1900, 5554.