ZIMMERMANN, REINHARD SEBASTIAN ( 1815-93) . A German genre painter, born at Hagen:in, on Lake Constance. Although he showed a great talent. for drawing as a boy, he was obliged for years to follow a commercial career until enabled in 1840 to frequent the• academy at Munich. In 1844 he went to Paris, and in 1847 established his reputation at Munich with the humorous picture "The Three Engl." Cif numerous subsequent genre scenes, distin guished by a lively humor, excellent characteriza tion, and brilliant technique, may be mentioned: "Peasants at the Castle" (1853). "Beggar Musi cians" (1854), "Corn-Market Day' in Munich" (1861, Cologne Museum), The Love Letter" (Karlsruhe Gallery), "Two Different Opinions" (1868, Barmen Gallery), "In the Antechamber Before an Audience" (Saint Gall Museum), "Visit to llis Reverence" (1884, 'Hanover Mu seum), and "Kindergarten" (1885, Brunswick Museum). Consult his autobiography, entitled
Erinnerungen eines al ten Malens (Munich, 1884).
11 is son ERNST (1852-1901), horn in Munich, was first instructed by him and afterwards -a pupil of Wilhelm Diez at the Academy. After producing some clever genre scenes he turned to historical subjects, and in 1879 won a signal suc cess with "Christ in the Temple." 11 is principal subsequent works include: "Adoration of the Shepherds" (1883, New Pinakothek, Munich), "Satyr Giving Musical Instruction" (1884, Dresden Gallery), "Christus Consolator" (1SSS, Leipzig Museum), "Christ Appearing to Thom as" (1892), and "Elector Max Emanuel Inspect ing the Work at the Tiirkengraben" (1887, City Aillnieh). He was appointed professor at the Munich Academy in 1886.