STATISTICS. The following statistics, as pub lished in the section on "Watches and Watch Cases" in the Department of :Manufactures of the Twelfth United States Census, indicate the growth of the industry in the United States. This report shows that in 1900 43 establish ments in the United States were reported to be engaged in the manufacture of watches and watch cases. The capital invested is stated to be $22,754,483 and the value of the product for the year $14,606,571. Of these establishments only 13, with a combined capital of $14,235,191, were engaged in the manufacture of watch move ments. The tendency of industry to concentrate in large establishments is shown in the growth of this industry: in 1870 there were 37 watch movement factories in the country, or 24 more than in 1900; but their combined capital was reported as only $2,666,133, and the annual value of their product at $2,819,080.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Although there are many for
Bibliography. Although there are many for- eign books devoted to the history of watches and to foreign practice, very little has been written regarding American history and methods. For the former phase of the subject, consult bibliog raphy under CLOCKS; Manufactures. vol. x., part, iv. of the Twelfth United States Census, con tains valuable historical and statistical matter. The Journal of the Franklin Institute contains a lecture by E. A. garsh, December 14, 1894, on "The History of Watch Making.." He is also the author of Evolution of Automatic Machinery in America (Chicago, 1896), and of a chapter on the "American Watch Company," in the History of Middlesex County, Mass., published by J. Lewis &. Co. Appleton's Journal for July 2 and 7, 1870, contains an article on "Watchmaking in America," which includes a good account of the early history of timekeepers.