WIESBADEN, ves'bii-den. A city of Prussia, in the Province of Hesse Nassau, previous to 1866 the capital of Nassau, six miles north of :Mainz (Map: Prussia, C 3). Altitude, 385 feet. It is a charming city and one of the most fash ionable and popular summer resorts of Europe, its 30 hot saline springs being visited annually by about 130.000 persons. its climate is mod erate.
Wiesbaden lies for the most part in a fan shape, the streets of the town proper stretching away from the Wilhelmstrasse, which, in a straight line nearly north and south. separates the town proper from the Kurhaus, the adjacent. pleasure grounds. and the attractive residence section on the east. The Wilhehnstrasse is the leading boulevard and the centre of local life. Here, toward its northern end• on the right, is the fine Kursaalplatz, containing, two cascades. with the Old Colonnade on the north, the New Colonnade and the splendid modern Royal Theatre on the south, and the Kurhaus on the east. The Kurhaus was erected in 1809-10. It is dignified by Greek colonnades combining both Doric and Ionic features, and contains a handsome main room. In the rear are a large fountain and basin marking the entrance to the beautiful Kurhaus Park. Northwest of the Kur saalplatz is the modern Trinkhalle, with a pavilion and colonnades. Here is the celebrated Koch brunnen (temperature 156° F.). Southwest, in the old part of the town. may be seen the frag ment of a Roman wall—the Heidemnauer—over 60 feet long. The adjacent Niehelsberg is now crowned by a sightly modern synagogue. East ward and adjacent to the Wilhelmstrasse are the market place, where are to he found the modern brick Markt-Kirche (Protestant ), a striking Gothic structure; the royal palace, completed in 1840, with interesting statuary by Sehwanthaler; and the line modern late-Renais sance town hall. The last contains the Fischbach
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The Nusetun, situated near by on the Wilhelm toward its southern end, contains antiqui ties, natural history specimens, the royal col lections of paintings, and a library of 120,000 volumes. The antiquities include Roman, Ale mannian, find Frankish relics. Its note worthy 'Jupiter Column dales from A .D . 221. To the southeast of the Museum are the splendid Renaissance Augusta Victoria Baths—a new es tablishment. The modern Pauline Palace, in the style of the .Alhambra, is now in private hands. On the extreme western edge of the city is the IIPW cons piel1011 s Ring Kirehe (Protestant). Not far distant, to the southeast of the Neroberg on the north, is a striking Greek chapel—a mauso leum completed for a Russian grand duchess in 1855, There are in the city an agricultural institute and experiment station, music and architectural schools, special medical schools, and a chemical laboratory. The Nassau Art Union has a per manent display of paintings. ‘Wiesbaden is pro vided with a municipal hospital, several cele brated eye institutions, and a military hospital (in a modern building in the Italian style). The trade in wine is heavy. The population in 1900 was 86,111.
Wiesbaden is the ?ilattiaeum of the Romans —a fortress said to have dated from the time of Drusus. Its waters were known to Pliny.