Bosnia constituted a part of the Roman prov inces of Dalmatia and Pannonia. and was cele brated in ancient times for its rich mines of silver and gold. After the passing of the Goths the region was occupied by a Slav population, about the beginning of the Sixth Century. For a long time the various parts of the country had their own petty princes. The Bosnian rulers begin to figure under the name of Ban in the Twelfth Century. About this time the heretical Christian sect of Patarenes rose to im portance. In the course of the Middle Ages the country- passed through periods of Servian. Croatian, and Hungarian overlordship. A suc cession of powerful chiefs extended the limits of the principality over Dalmatia and a part of Servia, and in 1376 Ban Tvertko proclaimed himself King of Bosnia. In 1401 came the be ginning of Turkish invasion, which burst upon the country in all its force in I-163. The Turks now made themselves rulers of nearly the whole of Bosnia, and the fragment which had become attached to Hungary fell into their hands after the battle of Alohdes in 1526. Bosnia became thoroughly Islamized. and submitted quietly to the ruthless Ottoman rule. In 1850.51 the Mohammedan nobility, crushed by the heavy weight of taxation, rose in arms against the Porte, but the revolt was stamped out with sanguinary ellieaey by Omer Pasha. An unsuc
cessful insurrection in Bosnia and Herzegovina took place in 1875-76, and was followed by Ser via': disastrous war with Turkey. The facts of Turkish misgovernment were recognized at the Congress of Berlin (157S), and Austria-Hun gary was authorized to occupy and administer Bosnia and Herzegovina, though the Sultan re tained the nominal suzerainty over them. The Austro-Hungarian occupation was elreeted in IS78, but only after a desperate resistance on the part of the Mohammedan inhabitants. In ISS1 compulsory military service was introduced. The administrative order and military organiza tion of Bosnia have been assimilated to the Austro-Hungarian system. Bosnia has made great strides under the Austro-Hungarian rule, its prosperity being in great measure due to the wise and vigorous administration of Baron Consult: Stiller. "Bosnia Under the Aus Gentleman's Magaz'ine, CCLXXXV. (London, 1S9S) and Travels and Polities in the Sear East (1S99) ; Munro, Panades and Studies in Bosnia (Edinburgh, 1895) ; Diehl, "En Bos nie-Herzegovine," La grande revue, Vol. XV11. (Paris, 1901).