PREVENTION. From what has been stated re garding the nature of cattle plague, it must be evident that its prevention can be effected by the destruction of the specific virus, or by re moving beyond its influence all animals on which it might fasten. Neither shoulu sheep, fresh hides, hay, nor any other fodder and litter from countries where this ruinous plague exists, or has recently existed, be imported withont first undergoing thorough disinfection. In England importations of cattle plague are guarded against by the provisions of the contagious diseases (animal) acts (1869 and 187S). Neither cattle, sheep, nor pigs, fodder, litter, nor hides can be landed from countries where the plague exists, or from places in direct communi cation with such infected countries. All for eign stock is inspected at the ports of debarka tion, and inspectors have orders for the imme diate slaughter and disinfection of cattle-plague subjects and of any animals with which they have been in contact. As in the case of many other infectious diseases, prevention of cattle plague is most successfully accomplished by producing immunity through inoculation. Im munization has been produced by natural virus and by virus which has been modified experi mentally. Koch's method consisted in giving hypodermic inoculations of pure bile from plague subjects. According to the method of
Edington, one part of bile was mixed with two parts of glycerin, and after ten days an injec tion of virulent blood diluted in water was given. Danisz and Bordet have experimented in the Transvaal with an immunizing serum. Turner and Kolle succeeded in producing an im munity which lasted for several months. Their method consisted in giving simultaneous injec tion of virulent blood on one side of the animal and serum on the other. Immunity was also obtained by successive inoculations of virulent blood and serum. Cattle plague does not occur in the United States. Texas fever has been con founded with it by some authors, but these dis eases are of quite different nature. Contagious ideuro-pneumonia has also been confounded with cattle plague. In Turkey cattle plague was found closely associated with aplithons fever and Texas fever. Consult: Gamgee, The Cattle Plague (London, IMO; Nocard and Leclainche. Les maladies mierobiennes des animamr, 2d ed. (Paris. 1898) ; Turner and Kohle, Report on Cure and Prevention of leinderprst, Agricultural Department. Cape of Gnod llope (Cape Town, 18113) ; Great Britain cattle Plague Commis sioners' Reports I., II., III., /1". (London, 1865).