CZACKI, ChilLS'ke. TADELTSZ, Count (1765 1813). A Polish writer. He was born at Poryck, Volhynia. At twenty lie obtained an office in the Superior Court of Justice at Warsaw, and in 17SS was appointed to the Treasury Commission of the Diet. His interest in the economic welfare of his country impelled him to travel through Po land and to produce a map of its river system. The development of navigation on the Dniester en gaged his particular attention. When his prop erty was confiscated at the second partition of Poland Ile became a professor at Cracow; but Paul I., to whose coronation he went as deputy from Volhynia, restored what he had lost. After this Czacki's whole life was devoted to the edu cation of his countrymen. His plans for dis seminating instruction in the Polish provinces of Russia, the people of which were extremely ignorant, met with the approval of Alexander I., and in IS03 he was made inspector of the schools in the governments of Volhynia, Podolia, and Kiev. 'He gave, out of his various resources,
about 500,000 Hullers to various schools. The Gymnasium of Kremenetz, which he founded, was the main object of his care. For a genera tion this institution was the spiritual centre of Poland, furnishing the champions of national self-consciousness against the deadening influ ence of French pseudo-classicism. Accused of stirring up political discontent among his coun trymen, Czacki went to Saint Petersburg in 1S07, and so ably defended himself that Alexander I. appointed him deputy of Prince Czartoryski, who was curator of public instruction in the Polish section of Russia. Czacki died at Dubno, and his collections passed into the hands of Czartoryski. His works were published in three volumes (Po sen, 1843). They are in the main historical and archaeological. His most valuable work is a trea tise On Lithuanian and Polish Laws (2 vols., Warsaw, 1500).