POPULATION. According to the census of 1901 the population of Denmark was 2.447,441, show ing an increase of nearly 13 per cent. sinee 1890. The urban population (five-twelfths of the total) increased during the same decade about 30 per cent.. while the rural population shows a gain of but 4 per cent. There were 3570 emigrants in 1900, mainly to the United States. The emigra tion figures for the last four or five years of the nineteenth century were quite below the general average for the country since ISS1. Almost the entire population is native-born. The Danes are a Teutonic people of the Scandinavian group. Height., 1.68'5 meters; hair. wavy, light brown or chestnut ; eyes blue: complexion pale white. swarthy or very light brown. The established Church is the Lutheran, but its seven bishops in Denmark have no political powers. Primary edu cation is free and compulsory between the ages of seven and fourteen, and is very thoroughly diffused. The numerous high schools, mostly pri vate, have an attendance of over 50,000. Den mark has one university, that of Copenhagen. There are also an agricultural and a veterinary college, 21 agricultural or horticultural schools, the 'Royal Academy of Art (founded in 1754), the Polytechnic Institute, two academies (Sor;1 and Ilerlufshohn), and about 100 technical and com mercial institutions.
IltsTottv. Of the primitive history of Den mark nothing is known apart from the revela tions made by investigators in the field of ar•h• ology. The kit•hen-middens and other primitive remains of a very ancient character indicate the early presence of paleolithic man in the Danish peninsula. The sagas hand down myths and traditions of later but still early ages, when the original inhabitants had been crowded out by wandering tribe. of I ;ermanic stock, and dutiful(' and the had I he of Saxons, .111it•... The occupation was complete about the second century of our ra, lint this followed by an illy:a-don of the Danes in the fifth and sixth centuries. Lc„ in fluenced than the other Teutonic peoples by the IZonians. t in the Scandinavian eount ries de%cloped a striking and eharauteristie n. II arlsed by a warlike and adven turous spirit. ti and
conquerors 11\ CI all 21111 as far liristianity made its way into Denmark a- a- the fifth or sixth century. After the ninth et (miry N\ find a united Danish kingdom grim ing out of the petty into the county was divided. 1\ e hear of Danish kings early as the beginning of (lie tenth century. when (him the Old 0%900-351 showed himself a bitter opponent Of : but the fir-t Danish ruler of prominence was Sv.mil ISt.leynl 1.. of the Forked II, a redoubtable sovereign who a brief period imposed yoke upon England. Sven•I's son. Knot or Cfinnte (died 111331. King of England and Denmark, was a really great sov ereign. under whom the conversion of the Danes to Christianity was completed and much was done to civilize the kingdom and bring it into order. his death the northern empire which lie had created fell apart, and the Millie dynasty of the Skjohlungs became extinct in 1047.
-rend F:strid-en. son of Nnitt's sister. now aseended the throne. Internal dissensions and external war, led here as elsewhere to the intro duct In 1.1 a feudal system. .\ new era of bril liant began with Valtlemar I., the Oreat (11:i7-S•.1, and einitinned under Knot VI.
and Valdemar II.. the Victorious ( 121r2-41 I. These extended the conquests of Denmark far into Oerman and lVentlie lands and made the Dottie little more than a Danish sea. The of the German princes and the troaehery of his vassals combined to rob Val denial• II. of these conquests. His death in 1241 was followed by a century of anarchy. (luring which the kingdom was brought near to destruc tion tinder the rule of his sons and grand Vuiler Valdeniar IV, (13-10-7:i), the last of the Est rids, n line. I)enniark recovered for a time the conquests of the elder Valdemars. and the national were eidlected into a code. l'roin 137.1 until 1412 Vablemar's ter, the great :\la•((a•et. ruled 1)•m»ark, at first regent fir her paint.; son Olaf. and after his death as Queen. Denmark. Norway. and Sweden united under her sovereignly. and this was emiti•m•d in liy the act known as the Union of Kalmar. \lap.mrct's successor. Erik (1112.