Subsequent to the World's Fair held in Chi cago, many of the exhibits shown there were taken to San Francisco, and an exhibition known as the California Mid-Winter Exhibition was held during 1894, and this was followed in the United States by a series of commemorative ex positions, a list of which is given elsewhere in this article. Likewise there were several minor expositions abroad, of which perhaps the most important was that held in Brussels in 1898, at which commissioners representing the United States were present.
The proposition of holding a World's Fair in Paris in 1900 began to take shape as early as 1892. The location chosen was that sim ilar to the previous expositions, and includ ed the Champs de Mars and the Trocadero Garden, the Esplanade of the Invalides, together with narrow strips on each bank of the Seine, connecting on the south side the Esplanade of the Invalides with the Champs de Mars, and on the north side connecting the park of the Art Palaces with the Trocadero. making in all an area of 336 acres, also with an annex in the Bois de Vincennes devoted to exhibits of transporta tion and sports. Across the river on the Es planade of the Champs de Mars were the special buildings devoted to the exhibition of science and art, education. engineering, and means of transportation, mechanical industries, agriculture and food, chemistry, mechanical appliances, textile industries, mining and met allurgy, etc.; while those along the south bank of the Seine were the buildings of the naval and military exhibits, followed icy the structures erected by the various nations, until the Espla nade des Invalides was reached, where were the palaces of foreign industry and decorative art. For the erection of these various buildings and running expenses of the exposition a fund amounting to upward of $27,000,000 Was raised, part of which was contributed by the National Government, by the municipality of Paris, and part by the issuing of bonds. each of which had a face value of twenty francs, and consisted of twenty admission tickets with numbers for vari ous lottery drawings, and also by a sum of money advanced by the Bank of France. Exhibits were classified into IS groups, the subdivisions into 121 classes. The official catalogue gave 79,712 exhibits, of which 31,946 were from France, and 6674 from the United States. An international jury of awards examined the exhibits, recom mending 42,790 awards. The usual series of international congresses were held and announce ments for over one hundred and twenty-five were made. The exhibition was opened Oil 14,
and continued until November II, 1900. (luring whielt lime it was visited by more than 50.000, 000 persons. and on September 6 600,528 were reported to have pissed through the gates, which was the largest tdiendance for any single day. A statement issued at the close of the fair showed a deficit of about $400,000, so that the exposition may be considered to have been a financial success, especially when it is remem bered that the value of the permanent buildings was very much greater than the deficit.
This summary of the history of world's fairs may properly he closed with the mention of the exposition held in Saint Louis in 1904, known as the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, in cele bration of the centennial anniversary of the purchase of the Territory of Louisiana from France, which it was expected would exceed all previous world's fairs in richness of exhibits, beauty of installation, and splendor of architec tural designs.
Sil liman and Goodrich, World of Science, Art, and Industry (New York 1853) ; Reports of the United States Commissioners to the Paris Universal Exposition, 1867, edited by Blake (6 vols., Washington. 1870) ; Reports of the Commissioners of the United States to the International Exposition held at Vienna, 187,3, edited by Thurston (4 vols., Washington, 1876) ; Reports of the United States Commissioners to the Paris Universal Exposition, 1878, edited by McCormick (5 vols.. Washington, 1880) : Reports of the United States Coinmissioncrs to the Cen tennial International Exposition at Melbourne (Washington, 1889) ; Reports of the United States Commissioners to the Universal Exposi tion of 1889 (5 vols., Washington, 1891); Report of the Commissioner- General for the United States to the International Universal Exposition, Paris, 1900, edited by Skiff, Gore, and Capehart (6 vols., Washington, 1901). Kunz, "The Man agement and Uses of Expositions," in North American Review, vol. clxxv. (New York, 1902) ; United States World's Columbian Exhibition Commission, Executive Committee of Awards, Final Report (Washington, 1S95) ; Great Britain Royal Commissioners' Report Paris International Exhibition 1900 (London, 1901) ; Kimball, "The Management and Design of Expositions." in American Institute of Architects' Quarterly Bul letin, vol. ii. (New York, I901) ; Partridge, "The Educational Value of World's Fairs," in Forum, vol. xxxiii. (New York, 1902).