FLAM'INI'NUS. A cognomen of an illus trious branch of the patrician Quinctia gens in ancient Rome, the most famous members of which were: (I) Lucius QUINCTIUS FLAIIININUS ( ? B.C. 170). Admiral and general, brother of the more renowned Flamininus described below. He was curule fedile in B.C. 200, and prietor in 199. In the war conducted by Titus Flamininus against Philip, King of Macedon, in 198, Lucius com manded the Roman fleet. with which he sailed around Greece, and, joined by the fleets of Atta ins, King of Pergamus, and the Rhodians, laid siege to the city of Eretria, in Eubcea, which was defended by a Macedonian garrison. He soon gained possession of all Eubma, and then returned to the west coast of Greece, and laid siege to Cenehrere, the harbor of Corinth; but Corinth it self he was linable to capture. (See Mummius.) In 192 Flamininus was consul with L. Domitins Ahenobarbus. At the end of his year he set out for Gaul as proconsul, ravaging the country of the hostile Ligurians and Boii on his way, and in flicting crushing defeats. His moral conduct at this period disgraced both the man and the high office that he held; and several years later, in B.C. 18-I. the censor, M. Porch's Cato, arraigned him be fore the Senate in a most bitter speech, and ex pelled him from that body. He died in B.C. 170. (2) TITUS QUINCHUS FLAMINIYUS (c. 230-175 n.c.). Brother of the preceding. He was a states man and general, and the hero of the wars against Philip and Antioelms. He was qthestor in B.C. 199, and consul in 198, without holding the inter mediate offices of tedile and prfetor. He obtained Macedonia as his field of operations, and set sail from Italy for Greece with a small army of vet eran troops. Ile made Epirus his base, and waited patiently for an opportunity of crossing the mountains and invading Macedonia. When, at length, through the 11(.11) of a friendly Epirote, the opportunity came, he entered Maeedonia and attacked Philip's army in the rear, massacring 200 men, and driving the rest in the direction of Thessaly. Thessaly next was overrun, and then, making a long detour to the south. he took the towns of Phoeis. At the same time, his brother Lucius (see above), in command of the fleet, had induced the Aelnean League to take sides with the Romans. Thus the year of Flami ninus's consulship had brought great advantages to the Roman cause and weakened greatly Phil ip's prestige in Greece. The Roman was thus en abled to demand, as a wire of truce, that the Macedonian garrisons be from the whole of Greece. This price Philip was unwill ing to pay. A double commission, accordingly, was sent to Rome, with envoys from Philip and from Flatnininus; but the Senate decided to prolong the latter's imprrium, and gave notice to the former that the Roman general had full authority to prosecute the war to the end. Thus
began the second year of the struggle, RAI. 197, which very soon decided the fate of the \lace donian King. The opposing armies net at Cyno cephalre, and the rout of Philip's army was com plete. Yet Flamininus would not accede to the demands of his allies that Philip should he de throned and his kingdom broken up. He con tented himself with depriving him of all his possessions in Greece and Asia, and left Mace donia intact. Soon after this he won the en thusiastic applause of the Greeks by declaring, at the Isthmian Games, in the presence of dele gates from all of the Greek States, the freedom and independence of all the towns that had been under Macedonian rule. The complete depend ence of the Greeks was menaced by Nabis, Tyrant of Sparta, who had been allied with the Romans against Philip; Flamininus therefore brought force to bear upon Nabis, and compelled him to desist from offensive tyranny. in short, when he took his departure from Greece in the spring of B.C. 194, there was no better loved man in all the country thanFlamininns, "The Liberator." In 192 a new trouble broke out in the East, and Flamininus returned to Greece. Antiochus, King of Syria, and Nabis, Tyrant of Sparta, were al lied against the Romans. but this difficulty was again smoothed over by the tact of the Roman general. When he again returned to Rome, he was made censor, in B.C. 191. We last hear of him as ambassador to Prusias, King of Bithynia, in B.C. 183, when the aged Hannibal (q.v.) was driven to commit suicide for fear of being de livered to the Romans. In 174 his son celebrated funeral games in honor of Flamininus, from which it is supposed that he died early in this or late in the preceding year.
FLAMINIO, 1111.-nWmt-5. ( 1498 1550). An Italian poet. son of Giannantonio Zarabbini di Cotignola, professor at Ser•avalle (1516-31]), who took the name Flamini°. His son was horn at Serravalle, and was educated by his father. in 1545 he refused the post of Latin secretary at the Council of Trent. either heeause of leanings toward Protestantism. or, as seems more likely, because of ill health. He died five years later after a long and painful pulmonary complaint. His complete works, with his father's poems, were published at Padua (1743) ; they in clude some rather erotic lyrics, a poetical ver sion of thirty psalms. prose versions of all the psalms and of the twelfth book of Aristotle's Metaphysics, and an Italian grammar, Corn pendio della rolyar grammatica.