The schools are managed very successfully by the Glasgow School Board, as may be seen from the increasing attendance in public schools and the diminishing numbers in private ones. Thus in 1880 the enrollment in public schools was 37,263; in Roman Catholic, 13,864; in all others, 19,680. In 1890 the respective figures were 65,000, 15,000, and 6000, in round numbers. A system of fees prevails in the schools which divides them into three distinct classes, each aiming to furnish the same kind of education, but serving to separate the children of the rich from those of the poor. The fees, however, are insufficient to cover all the expenses. There are a number of technical schools, governed by a board of trustees, on which the Glasgow Uni versity is also represented. In addition to the university (see GLASGOW UNIVERSITY), which since 1902 has benefited by Mr. Carnegie's munifi cent gift to Scotch universities of $10,000,000, there are the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College, Saint Munge's College, Ander son's College, and Saint Margaret's College for women. The secondary schools include the High School, Glasgow, and Kelvinside academies, and the Hutcheson Trust schools. There are numer ous hospitals and dispensaries, and three large, excellently appointed general infirmaries. Glas gow has a. number of theatres and large concert halls. The Botanic Gardens near the Western Infirmary, with their large conservatories and fine collections of exotic and other plants, form a favorite resort for the citizens. The other large parks are the Glasgow Green on the Clyde, the new West End Park (Kelvin Grove), containing beautiful hills, and Queen's Park on the south side. Population, in 1891, 565,000; in 1901 (of royal and municipal burgh), 760,423. Glasgow is the seat of a United States consul.
Glasgow traces its beginnings in tradition to the little wooden church which Saint Kentigern, apostle to the Scots, built on the banks of the llolendivar about A.D. 560. Nothing is known of the town for more than five hundred years, till David, Prince of Cumbria, the future King David I.. in 1116, reestablished the See of Glasgow and rebuilt its church. Between 1175 and 1178 Glasgow was made a burgh, subject to its bishop, whose bailie and provosts administered its af fairs. In 1450 it was made a regality; in 1611
it gained by charter the right of electing its magistrates, and in 1636 became a free royal burgh. Its university, modeled on that of Bo logna, was founded by a Papal bull in 1451. In the seventeenth century the town was a strong hold of Whiggism and the Reformed religion. The great commercial growth of Glasgow dates from the union with England in 1707. Enjoying equal freedom of trade with English ports, it quickly obtained a large share of the American trade, for which its position on the west coast fitted it especially. Glasgow became the chief emporium of the tobacco trade, and its Virginian merchants formed a local aristocracy, remarkable for wealth and distinction. This trade was nt length paralyzed by the American war; but sugar cultivation in the West Indies and the introduction of the cotton manufacture opened up new paths to wealth.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Shaw, Municipal Government Bibliography. Shaw, Municipal Government in Great Britain (New York, 1895) ; Donald, Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom (London) ; Annual Report of the Registrar-Gen eral on Births, Deaths and Marriages in Scot land; Annual Report of the Local Government Board; Lazenby, The Government of the City of Glasgow, National Municipal League (Phila delphia, 1900) ; Bell and Paton, Glasgow, Its Municipal Organization and Administration (Glasgow, 1896) ; Nicol, Vital, Social, and Eco nomic Statistics of the City of Glasgow 1881-85 (Glasgow, 1885) ; also for 1885-91 (Glasgow, 1891) ; Eyre, "The History of the Ancient See of Glasgow, A.D. 560-1560," in Journal of the British Archceological Association (London, 1900) ; Mac george, Old Glasgow (3d ed., Glasgow, 1888) ; Macgregor, History of Glasgow (Glasgow, 1881).
A city and the county-seat of Barren County, Ky., 100 miles south of Louis ville; on a branch road connecting with the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (Map: Ken tucky, F 3). It has the Liberty Female Col lege. The city is in the oil region. of the State, and its industrial establishments include flour mills, lumber-mills, handle-factories a woolen mill, etc. Population, in 1890, 2051; in 1900, 2019.