BIBLIOGRAPHY. General works: Breul, Handy Bibliography. General works: Breul, Handy Bibliographical Guide to the Study of German (London, 1895) ; Strong and Meyer, History of the German Language (London, 1886) ; Behaghel, Die deutsche Sprache (2d ed., Leipzig, 1902) ; Pietsch, M. Luther and die hocheleutsche Schrift sprache (Breslau, 1883) ; Burdach, Die Einigung der neuhochdeutschen Schriftsprache (Halle, 1884) ; Kluge, Von. Luther bis Lessing (3d ed., Strassburg, 1897).
Grammars: (a) Historical: Grimm's Deutsche Grammatik (4 vols., rev. ed., Berlin and Giiter sloh, 1870-78) is rather a comparative grammar of the Teutonic languages; Wilmanns, Deutsche Grammatik, (vols. i. and ii., 2d ed., Strassburg, 1897-99; vols. iii. and iv. have not yet appeared). (b) Practical: Blatt, Yeuhochdeutsche Gram matik (2 vols., 3d ed., Karlsruhe, 1895-96) ; Sanders, Worterbuch der Hauptschwierigkeiten der deutsche. Sproche (24th ed., Berlin, 1892), a grammar in alphabetical order; Thomas. A Practical German Grammar (New York. 1895) ; Bierwirth, The Elements of German (ib., 1900) ; Harris, German Lessons (Boston, 1892).
Dictionaries: (a) Historical and etymolog ical: Grimm, Deutsches WZrterbuch (Leipzig, 1854 et seq.), will consist of sixteen volumes (counted as vols. i.-xiii.), of which nine have
appeared; Sanders, Worterbuch der deutsche?: Sprache (3 vols., Leipzig, 1860-65) ; the Er ganzungs TVorterbuch der deutschen Sprache (Berlin, 1885), by the same author, is a supple ment to the preceding; Heyne, Deutsches Worter buch (3 vols., Leipzig, 1890-95) ; id., Deutsches Worterbuch, Kleine Ausgabe (in 1 vol., ib., 1896) ; Kluge, Etymologisches Worterbuch der deutschen Sprache (6th ed., Strassburg, 1899; an English translation of the 4th ed., London, 1891). (b) Practical: Fliigel, Universal and 4th ed., 3:vols., dirunswick, 1891 ) , and Muret, En,cyclopwdic English-German and German-English Dictionary (4 vols., Berlin, 1901), are the two most comprehensive English German dictionaries. Other recent and very use ful works are: Fliigel-Schmidt-Tanger, Dictionary of the English, and German Languages for Home and School (2d ed., 2 vols., Brunswick, 1897), and the new edition, by A. Schrlier, of Grieb's Eng and Dictionary (10th ed., 2 vols., Stuttgart, 1898-1902; all the editions of Grieb previous to this one are anti quated). Among the one-volume dictionaries the one by Weir (Cassell's New German Diction ary, London, 1888, identical with Heath's New German Dictionary, Boston, 1888), deserves spe cial mention.