HESSE. The small German principalities under this name do not occupy a Very high rank in industry or commerce. • In Hesse Cassel flax and timber are the staple artieleS: tobacco,- hemp, madder, a few hops, and rape seed are also. among the products. The vibe is cultivated only in some parts of "Henan. Garden produce of excellent quality is raised about Cassel and Hanau. 'Hesse' abounds in mineral wealth, producing silver, copper, lead, iron, quichilver, cobalt, salt (from saline springs and in great quantities), Saltpetre, vitriol, and alum. There are also 'coals;mar ble, very fine white alabaster, porcelain, pot ter's clay, and pipe clay, &c. The manufac tures are insufficient for home consumption. The principal are linen, mostly coarse, which is exported to the value of 300,000/. sterling annually; fine linen is made in Cassel and Herzberg. Cotton spinning is pretty general. Schmalkalden manufactures almost all the steel and iron of the country ; Grossalmerode is celebrated for its crucibles, which are ex ported to all parts of the world.
In Hesse Darmstadt the chief productions are corn of all kinds, likewise maize and spelt —wheat and rye, flax, hemp, hops, tobacco, pulse, potatoes, wines, both white and red, garden vegetables and fruit, and timber. Mining is not carried on to any great extent: it is confined to copper, iron, coals, salt, and brown coal. Cobalt, basalt, lime, sandstone, marble, and slate are found in different parts of the grand duchy. The chief manufactures are of woollens, cottons, and 'linen, leather, and hardware. 117ine is produced chiefly in Rhenish Hesse. • The most considerable manufacturing and trading town is Offenbach, which has two annual fairs. Mainz is the principal place for the transit trade: The ex ports consist of the natural productions of the country and of some' manufactures.
These two Hessian principalities will con tribute to the extent of the resources to the Great Industrial Exhibition.' There 'are two or three other Hesses, very small and unim portant.