HOFWYL. The name of this estate will always have an industrial interest connected with it, on account of the educational institu tion of Mons. de Fellenberg. It is situated in a valley about three leagues from Berne,in Switzerland, and consists of a number of dis tinct buildings surrounded by about 250 acres of land. The founder had for his object the improvement of the condition and character of all classes of society by means of an educa tion adapted to their respective wants. To effect this, he divided the institution into classes, of which the higher, the sons of wealthy parents, paid a large yearly sum ; the second class, a smaller sum; and the lowest class were received without payment. All were instructed in agriculture, and the trades connected therewith, all of which were prac tised on the estate. All the classes also were instructed in the usual branches of school education, and the lower class in the sciences connected with agriculture; but these were carried farther in the second class, and the highest class had a still wider range. The
upper class was commenced in 1808, the lowest was added in 1810, and the middle class was not *introduced till 1830. Fellenberg was en thusiastic, and succeeded in imparting much knowledge to his pupils, of whom he had usually about 100 who paid stipends, and 100 who were boarded, clothed, and educated for their labour. Fellenberg died in 1844, la mented and respected. The school is still carried on, and has about 40 scholars of the first class, and 70 of the second, many scholars of these classes being English ; of the third class the number is still continued at 100. It was Fellenberg's wish to have his institution adopted by the state, but this has not been done.
HOG. The commerce and consumption of these animals, and the useful purposes to which they are applied, are noticed under Pies.