NISCIINEI-NOVGOROD FAIll, This famous fair has already been adverted to [Elias] ; but it may be well to notice it a little more in detail,' as a means of chewing its important influence on trade and mere°. is a town in the heart of the Russian empire. The inhabit,. ants carry on various manufactures ; but the great and annually increasing importance of the town arises from its fair. This fair, which is opened on June 2p in each year, is one of the greatest in the world. It is held in a group of buildings, formed into a large obloag parallelogram, surrounded with shops, before an edifice adorned with three rows of columns, which is the hotel of the governor, in which the local authorities reside during the fair. Forty-eight blocks of buildings, separated by streets which intersect each other at sight angles, extend behind this parallelogram. The number of the shops is about 2521, and over each there is a small apartment, in which the merchant may reside. During the fair, all the streets and warehouses are filled with a countless multitude, who have flocked thither from the two Russian capitals, from 3 Varic111, other towns. of Russia, from the shores of the Baltic) and the Caspian, from f and Taschkend, from Asia r Minor, from the mountains of Turkistan and , the frontiers of china, and, of late years, from aiffigm0 parts of Western Europe. Allthese , ranging§ find hgoths are filet" withthe pro ; duce of the most diverse countries, and thou ; sands of boats are employed in landing the ; goods, or in taking them on board to convey , them to the seas which wash the northein and southern shores of the eptre. Other gPedS, wooden wares, are piled up even in the Ppm entudtryl 9.3.14 farther on are
mpg lines of parts with their horses, which serve both as magazines and lodgings for the countryleople, From 4900, to 5000 ware . bermes and hoqills are let during the fair, The needs geld eniesmt te. EP. OTASSiuliLl NITATc was formerly called (Spirit of Nitre, pr gictuwr'a spirit of Nitre ; and when much diluted with water, it is called 4geolartk, When . it is a colourless lipid, but is nsitsily yellowish. Its smell is , strong tnJ4 cli5agree019, fincl it emits white fumes. It is so acrid that it cannot be safely tasted without being much diluted, sod is even then very sour, In its concentrated state it stainsthe skin of a yellow colour, and eventually the skin is flestreyed and peels off. When mixed with water it gives out enlisi 4erfible. heat, When folPurieSd nitrje, acid is to the setion of the light, it under goes Partial decompositien.
Nitric) acid is pled for numerous purposes such as the gold and silver, in preparing various metallic and saline solutions for medicinal pnrposes, and the use of the dyer and in scientific chemical researches it is most extensively employed. Its saline compounds are termed Nitrates; and hall the acid itself and the nitrates are Used iu medicine, The gas called nitric aide, which contains less oxygen than nitric acid, has not yet been much applied to useful purposes, The same may be said of nitrotia eciii and nitrous whiell Oiffcr from each other and front the two nitric compounds chiefly mzi the amount of oxygen contained.