PENNSYLVANIA. This is one of the most busy and commercial states of the American Union. It abounds in minerals. From the western declivity of the Allegheny Mountains the bituminous coal-fields of Penn sylvania extend into Maryland and Virginia, and occupy many thousands of square miles; this coal is mostly wrought in the neighbour hood of Pittsburg, where it is used for manu facturing purposes. The anthracite coal-field, which lies to the east of the Blue Ridge, also of greet extent, and is wrought to some extent. Iron-ore is in abundance, and lime stone occurs in all parts of the state.
The most important manufactures of Penn sylvania are those of iron: So far back even as 1840 there were 213 furnaces, which produced 08,305 tons of cast-iron, and 160 forges, &c., which produced 87,211 tons of bar- iron. There were 235 woollen manufactories, 337 fulling mills, and 100 cotton manufactories. The
quantity of bituminous coal obtained was 11,020,654 bushels, Steam-engines are manu factured to a large amount, chiefly at Pitts burg ; and there are numerous other manu factures. The most important canal in Pennsylvania extends from Philadelphia, in cluding a railroad of 37 miles, over the Allegheny Mountains, to Pittsburg, 400 miles, There tire several ether large canals and numerous small ones. The railroads are still more numerous ; from Columbia to Phila delphia, 81 miles ; Philadelphia to Reading, 95 miles ; Tamaqua to Williamsport, 106 miles; and many others. Pennsylvania is, in short, one of the most enterprising of the states; and Pittsburg (the largest town next to Philadelphia), is a great centre of manu factures. As to the monetary credit of the State, in respect to loans and bonds, we have nothing to do with it here.