CREAMERS. This term is applied to centrifugal extractors when used for the separa tion of cream from milk. Similar apparatus is also employed for the separation of fusel-oil from alcoholic liquors. When a liquid is to be separated front a liquid, the receptacle must be imperforate. The components of different spe cific gravity become arranged in distinct con centric cylindrical strata in the basket, and must be conducted away separately. In creamers the particles of cream must not be broken or subjected to any concussion, as partial churning is caused, and the cream will. in consequence, sour more rapidly.
The Alexandra Creamer, illus trated in big. 1, is one of the most approved forms of English cream er. It is exceedingly light to drive, a result attained by the use of a peculiar form of which is free to adjust itself on the spindle. This vessel D is nearly globular, and has a deep projection in its bottom,nneh like that which is found in wine-l)ottles, particular ly champagne-bottles. The head of the spindle C, which is ball shaped. fits into a socket formed in this recess. The center of gravity of the vessel is below the point of support, and thus the whole rides easily without any rigid connection between the vessel and the spindle.
There is sufficient frictional resist ance between the two to impart motion to the vessel without slip, Nit, if an accident should occur to the driving-gear. the vessel can slip, and thus its momentum can expend itself gradually without adding to the severity of the acci dent.
This machine under test gave the following results : Quantity of milk, S1.01 lbs. (1'80 gals.): time of skimming. 24 hrs. 15 min. ; rate per hour, 19.4i gals. ; revolutions of handle per min., 45 ; horse-power consumed. 0•880; units of power per lh. of milk skimmed, 7881 foot-pounds ; temperature of milk, 84° to 87° F. ; per cent of fat, 3•25; temperature of separated milk, 79° to 81° F. ; per cent of fat, Two interesting forms of cream ers are illustrated in Pigs. 2 and 3. The De Laval machine (Pig. 2) is driven by a steam turbine, situated in the lower casing. The wheel of the Sharpless machine is located in proximity to the apparatus proper.