SHAPERS AND FR1EZERS, more than most other wood-working machines, should be so well designed and constructed that they will do accurate and perfect work, all pieces that they produce being curved and molded, and their sharpness and accuracy would be lessened by the use of sandpapering machinery, however carefully handled. If, then, it is desired to make work that has no roughness of surface, freedom from undue jar and vibration must be obtained by giving the machine strength and solidity throughout, as well as careful work manship and fitting. As the higher the speed the cleaner the work, it is essential that the bearings be long enough and good enough to stand high speed for a long time, under heavy pressure, without heating or wear. It is best that the mandrels of shapers should 1>e arranged to run right or left to best suit the grain of the material, and that the change from one direction of rotation to the other should be made promptly and by the foot, in order to leave time operator the use of both hands. The friction devices which have come into use in so many different types of wood-working machinery come into play with great efficiency and satisfaction.
The Boatel & )1argedant Shaper.—In this machine the lower part of the mandrel is
shaped into a wide-faced step, resting on a gun-metal bearing plate, with special provision for adjusting itself to a full bearing, and an adjusting screw to take up wear and play, The step of the mandrel, its side and end bearing of gun metal, are at all times covered with and turning in oil, and the lower end of the journal or step is arranged with an additional largo jour nal-bearing, with a cup held by four bolts ; and the mandrel housing raises and lowers by a worm gearing, which makes impossible any accidental jarring down of the mandrel.
The Rogers Pedestal ,Shaper, Fig. 8, made by C. B. Rogers & Co., Ilea some very desirable feat ures as a variety molder. There is a solid pedestal frame, having each side of it a column or post ex tending from the base to the table of the machine. The yoke boxes are sup ported by six posts and by the pedestal, so that the spindles are perfectly aligned. The yokes and their spindles are raised and lowered by hand wheels in front, and may be dropped below the line of the table.