Chinkiang imported 13,328 piculs of leaf, and 1914 of prepared in 1879. Macao roceivea tobacco from the Hokshan district, and preparea it for exportation to Java, the Straits, and California, the annual export being about 10,000 piculs. The Newchwang imports of prepared native tobacco were 8052 plods in 1877, 8354 in 1878, and 6630 in 1879. Shanghai, in 1879, imported 58,460 piculs of native leaf, 79,081/ of prepared, and 1187} of stalk ; and exported and re-exported 31,541 of leaf, and 29,6724 of prepared. Taiwan imported 3017/ piculs of prepared native in 1879. Tientsin exported 10474 piculs native tobacco in 1878, and 6934 in 1879. Tobacco is grown in the hilly districts near Wuhu ; the leaves are gathered in October, and sun-dried ou wicker-work frames. The exports in 1879 were 597i piculs of leaf, and 742 of prepared.
Cochin-China.—The culture of tobacco is extending in Cochin-China, and it is even said that a considerable quantity is exported to China, but it improves little in quality. The area reported to be under tobacco-cultivation in 1878 (including coffee) was 2361 acres.
Ecuador.—The tobacco-crop of Ecuador for 1879 was not so large as usual, owing to an unfavour able season. Esmeraldas, the mod northerly port, and whence nearly all the tobacco shipments are made, despatched about 3000 quintals in 1879. Guayaquil exported 150 quintals in 1877, none in 1878, and 10 in 1879.
Fiji.—The Fiji Islands are well adapted to tobacco-culture. The nativea produce a good deal, which nearly approaches the American leaf. With careful curing, it would find a market in England. The native product is rolled, which preventa its being made into cigars. Samples of leaf-tobacco in hands, raiaed from foreign seeds, exhibited very unequal qualities, and a tendency to revert to American forms, the Havana returning to the Virginian type. Cut up for smoking, they were deficient in flavour, but were considered satisfactory as a first experiment.
France.—Tha area occupied by tobacco in France in 1873 was 14,858 hectares (of 2i acres), yielding at the rate of 12 quintals (of 2204 lb.). The amount of land authorized to grow tobacco ill Paa de Calais in 1879 was 2100 acres, and the quantity furnished to the Government was 3,659,636 lb., the prices (per kilo.) paid by the Government being 1 fr. 45c. for lsts, 1 fr. 12c. for 2nds, 88c. for 3rda, and 10-66c. for other inferior qualities. The number of plants grown per acre is about 17,000. The department Nord affords rather more than Pas de Calais.
Germany.—The total area of land engaged in growing tobacco in Germany in 1878 was about 44,520 acres ; nearly two-thirds of thia total was distributed among Rhenish Bavaria, Baden, S. Hesse, and Alsace-Lorraine. The total consumption of tobacco in the German empire in that year was 2,196,000 cwt. The home production was 596,776 cwt., the remainder being imported.
Greece.—The production of tobacco in Greece is about 4 million okes (of 24 lb.) annually. Patrae, in 1878, exported 300 tona to Holland, Austria, and Turkey, at a value of 25-30/. a ton. The valuea of the exports from Syra, in 1879, were 3503/. to Great Britaio, 2325/. to Turkey, 88/. to the Danubian Principalities, 2361. to France, 554/. to Austria, 436/. to Egypt, 1605/. to Russia ; and in 1878, 1528/. to Turkey, 1875/. to Great Britain, 93/. to the Danubian Principalities, 441/. to Austria, 334/. to France, 2661. to Russia, 39/. to Egypt.
Hollaud.—Tbere were 4117 acres under tobacco in Holland in 1878, which produced 3,132,875 kilo.
The imports of tobacco into Holland in 1878 were as follows :—Maryland, 5249, Kentucky, 500, and Virginian, 107 hogsheads ; Java, 87,998, seed leaf, 100, Sumatra, 33,671 packages. In 1876 and 1877, there were 5900 and 3993 packages respectively from Rio Grande. The exports of leaf from Holland in 1879 were 3,900,000 kilo.
India.—An immense area is occupied in producing tobacco in India. In Madras, Dindigul is the great tobacco district, and cheroots are manufactured at Trichinopoli. The islands in the delta of the Godavari also yield lunka tobacco, the climate being suitable, and the plants being raised on rather poor, light soil, highly manured and well watered. Manilla seeds have been tried on the lower Palnai Hills, but the Wynaad has proved to be the best locality. In Bombay, the Kaira and Khandesh tobaccos are superior ; altogether over 40,000 acres were under the crop in this presidency in 1871-2, and the exports were 3 million lb. Shiraz and Manilla seeds yield good plants in Gujrat, and Khandesh. The total areas under tobacco in 1871-2 were thus returned :—Bengal, about 300,000 acres ; Punjab, over 90,000; Oudh, 69,500; Rungpore, 60,000 (affording the so-called " Burma cheroots "); Central Provinces, 55,000 ; Tirhoot, 40,000 ; Gooch Behar, 24,000 ; Mysore, 20,000; Dinagepore, 20,000; Purneah, 20,000; Behar, 18,500; Burma, 13,000; Monghyr, 9-10,000; Nuddea, 9-10,000. The best tobacco districts are said to be Sandoway and the island of Cheduba, in Arracan ; Rungpore, in Bengal ; and Bhilsa, in the Central Provinces. The results of many analyses of S. Indian tobaccos show that their ash seldom contains more than 5-6 per cent. of carbonate of potash, while American range from 20 to 40 per cent., indicating the poverty of the Indian soils in this important ingredient. It might, however, be supplied at moderate cost in the shape of saltpetre, which is actually exported largely from the tobacco-growing districts.