War Finance Cost Of
War Finance (cost Of The World War). Estimates Of The Direct Cost Of The World War, 1914-18, Vary Greatly And Even Ten Years After The Conclusion Of The Armistice It Is Impossible To Give Precise Figures. The Reason Of This Lies In The Difficulty Of Clearly Determining What Part Of ...
War Graves
War Graves. With A View To Ensuring The Care And Per Manence Of The Graves Of British Soldiers Buried In France Nego Tiations Took Place Early In The War Between The British Military Authorities Responsible For The Marking And Registration Of The Graves And The French Government. On Dec. 29, ...
War Office
War Office'. (a) The Building Which Houses The Controll Ing Staff Of The Army, And (b) The Controlling Staff Itself. (a) As Regards The Local Habitation Of The Staff, In Cromwellian Days This Was Often In The Field And Was The Tent Of The Secretary To The Commander-in-chief Whose Official ...
War Pensions
War Pensions. First Period—prior To 1592-93. The War Pension—which Is Here Taken As Covering Any Grant Made In Recognition Of Disablement Sustained In The Fighting F Orces First Appears As A Purely Voluntary Grant At The Goodwill Of The Particular War Captain Or Overlord Who Led A Company, Or Com ...
War Relief Work
War Relief Work. Upon The Outbreak Of The World War In 1914 Relief Problems Far Surpassed The Capabilities Of Pri Vate Charity, Involving Broad Questions Of Governmental Finance, Control Of Production, Purchase And Transport Of Huge Quantities Of Supplies From One Part Of The World To Another, Intervention Of Diplomatic ...
War Trade Advisory Committee
War Trade Advisory Committee, In The World War, A British Government Committee Which Advised It On The Blockade. It Succeeded And Continued The Work Of The Restriction Of Enemy Supplies Committee (q.v.). It Was Appointed By The Prime Minister, H. H. Asquith, In Sept. 1915, With The Marquess Of Crewe ...
War Trade Department
War Trade Department. This Important Depart Ment Of The British Government's Economic War Operations Was Formed Early In 1915 And Directed By The Late Lord Emmott. To It Were Entrusted Many Matters Connected With The Blockade Of Germany And The Care Of Home Supplies. It Dealt With All Appli Cations ...
Warangal
Warangal, An Ancient Town Of India, In The Nizam's Dominions Or Hyderabad State, 86 M. N.e. Of Hyderabad City. It Was The Capital Of A Hindu Kingdom In The 12th Century, But Little Remains To Denote Its Former Grandeur Except A Fort And Four Gateways Of A Temple Of Siva. ...
Warbler
Warbler, The General Name For All Birds Of The Passerine Families Sylviidae And Mniotiltidae, The Mniotiltidae Being Un Related To The Sylviidae And Being Confined To The New World. The Sylviidae Are Small Birds With Weak, Slender Bills, Feeding On Insects And Fruit. The Song Is Clear And Sweet And ...
Ward
Ward, That Which Guards Or Watches, And That Which Is Guarded Or Watched. In Architecture The Inner Courts Of A F Orti Fied Place Are Called Wards, E.g., The Upper And Lower Wards Of Windsor Castle (see Bailey, Castle). The "ward" In A Lock Is The Ridge Of Metal Which ...
Warden
Warden, A Word Frequently Employed In The Ordinary Sense Of A Watchman Or Guardian, But More Usually In England In The Sense Of A Chief Or Head Official. The Lords Wardens Of The Marches, For Example, Were Powerful Nobles Appointed To Guard The Borders Of Scotland And Of Wales; They ...
Wardha
Wardha, A Town And District Of British India In The Nagpur Division Of The Central Provinces. They Take Their Name From The Wardha River. The Now Prosperous Town Of Wardha Was Established On A Treeless Black Soil Plain At The Old Village Of Palakwari In 1866 At The Spot Where ...
Wardrobe
Wardrobe, A Portable Upright Cupboard For Storing Clothes. The Earliest Wardrobe Was A Chest, And It Was Not Until Some Degree Of Luxury Was Attained In Regal Palaces And The Castles Of Powerful Nobles That Separate Accommodation Was Provided For The Sumptuous Apparel Of The Great. The Name Of Wardrobe ...
Ware
Ware, A Town Of Hertfordshire, England, On The Lea. Pop. (1931) 6,171. The Church Of St. Mary Is A Cruciform Decorated And Perpendicular Building Of Flint And Stone, The Tower Dating From Edward Iii. The Famous "great Bed Of Ware," Referred To In Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, Which Formerly Was At ...
Wareham
Wareham, A Town Of Dorsetshire, England. Its Popula Tion In 1931 Was 2,057. Owing To Its Situation As A Key Of Purbeck, The Site Of Ware Ham (werham, Warham) Has Been Occupied From Very Early Times. There Are Still Remains Of Earthworks Around The Town Which Are Probably Of Romano-british ...
Wareham_2
Wareham, A Town Of Massachusetts. The Resident Popu Lation Was 5,686 In 1930 (federal Census) And There Is A Summer Population Of 15,000. It Is An Important Shipping Point For Cran Berries, Oysters, Clams, Scallops And Garden Truck, And Has A Horse Shoe Factory And Other Manufacturing Plants. The Town ...
Ware_2
Ware, A Town Of Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Pop. (192o) 8,525; 1930 It Was 7,385. Its Manufactures Include Cotton And Woollen Goods, Sport Shoes And Coated Paper. In 1761 Ware-river Parish (comprising Parts Of Brookfield, Palmer And Western) Was Established As The District Of Ware, Which In 1775 Was Made A ...
Warkworth
Warkworth, Town Of Northumberland, England. Pop. (1921) 1,042. It Is Situated On The River Coquet, I M. Above Its Mouth, Where On The South Bank Is Amble, An Urban District (pop. 1931, With A Harbour. An Old Bridge Crosses The River, With A Fortified Gateway On The Road Mounting To ...
Warlock
Warlock, A Word Seemingly Used In Northern English Or Scottish For A Wizard, Sorcerer Or Magician; In O.eng. Woerloga, Literally "a Liar Against The Truth," From Woer, Truth, Cognate With Lat. Veruni, And Logs, Liar, From Mogan, To Lie. It Was Used For A Traitor, Deceiver, Breaker Of A Truce. ...
Warm Springs
Warm Springs, A Small Town In Western Georgia, U.s.a., With A Population Of Under 500, Well-known As The Site Of The Georgia Warm Springs Foundation, An Institution For Paralysis Victims. It Was Here That Mr. Franklin D. Roosevelt Came For Treatment After An Attack Of Infantile Paralysis And For Which ...
Warminster
Warminster, A Town In Wiltshire, England. Pop. (1931) 5,176. Its White Stone Houses Form A Long Curve Between The Uplands Of Salisbury Plain, Which Sweep Away Towards The North And East, And The Tract Of Park And Meadow Land Lying South And West. The Cruciform Church Of St. Denys Has ...
Warnsdorf
Warnsdorf, A Frontier Town In North-east Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, With Large Textile Manufactures, Chiefly Cotton And Silks. Pop. (193o) 22,793, Most Of Whom Were Germans. ...
Warp And Weft
Warp And Weft. Warp Threads Are Those Which Run Lengthwise Of The Fabric; Weft Threads Run Transversely. In The Actual Manufacturing Of Practically All Kinds Of Woven Tex Tures, There Is A Considerable Difference Between The Two : ( The Raw Material From Which Warp Is Made Is Almost Invariably ...
Warqla
Warqla, A Town Of The Algerian Sahara. Pop. 3,251, The Majority Of Mixed Berber And Negro Blood. The Town Is Walled And Is Entered By Six Gateways, Which Are Fortified. The French Fort, Barracks, Hospital And Other Buildings Are South Of The Native Town. The Oasis In Which Warqla Is ...
Warrant Of Attorney
Warrant Of Attorney. A Warrant Of Attorney To Confess Judgment Is A Security For Money (now Practically Obsolete) In The Form Of An Authority To A Solicitor Named By A Creditor, Empowering Him To Sign Judgment In An Action Against The Debtor For The Sum Due, With A Clause That ...
Warranty
Warranty, Etymologically, Another Form Of Guarantee (q.v.). It Is Used, However, In A Rather Different Sense. The Sense Common To Both Words Is That Of The Collateral Contract. A "war Ranty" Expresses The Collateral Responsibility Of The Principal Actor, While "guarantee" Expresses That Of His Surety. It Differs From A ...
Warrant
Warrant, In Law, Indicates An Authority In Writing Empow Ering A Person To Do An Act Or To Execute An Office. The Term Is Applied To A Great Variety Of Documents Of Very Different Kinds. General Rule No One Can Be Arrested For A Misdemeanour. But To This Rule There ...
Warren
Warren, A City Of Ohio, U.s.a., On The Mahoning River. Pop. (1920) 27,050 (8o% Native White) ; In 1930 By Federal Census It Was 41,062. The City Occupies 8.6 Square Miles And Was Named After Moses Warren, A Surveyor Of The Connecticut Land Company. It Was Settled In 1799. In ...
Warren_2
Warren, A Borough Of North-western Pennsylvania, U.s.a., The County Seat Of Warren County; On The North Bank Of The Allegheny River. Pop. (1920) 24,272 (85% Native White) ; 1930 Federal Census 14,863. Warren Lies 1,246 Ft. Above Sea-level, At The Southern Foot Of A High, Sheer Ridge, In A Beautiful ...
Warren_3
Warren, A Town Of Bristol County, Rhode Island, U.s.a., On The East Shore Of Narragansett Bay, At The Mouth Of The Warren River, I O M. S.e. Of Providence. Pop. (1930) 7,974. ...
Warren_4
Warren, Properly An Old Term Of The English Forest Law, Applied To One Of The Three Lesser Franchises, Together With "chase" And "park," Included Under The Highest Franchise, The "forest," And Ranking Last In Order Of Importance. The "beasts Of Warren" Were The Hare, The Coney (i.e., Rabbit), The Pheasant ...
Warrington
Warrington, Market Town Of Lancashire, England, At The Crossing Of The River Mersey. Pop. (1931) 79,322. Warrington Is Supposed To Be Of British Or Earlier Origin, And The Roman Road From Chester To The North Passed Through It. In Henry L's Reign Warrington Was The Head Of A Barony Created ...
Warrnambool
Warrnambool, A Seaport Of Victoria, Australia. It Has A Good Artificial Harbour Formed By A Breakwater, Pier, Etc. The Town (pop. 8,909) Is The Market Centre Of A Rich Agricultural And Dairying District (ay. An. Rainfall 26.18 In.) And Farther Inland Lie The Sheep-areas Of Western Victoria, But The Policy ...
Wars Of The Vendee
Vendee, Wars Of The, A Counter-revolutionary Insur Rection Which Took Place During The French Revolution (q.v.), Not Only In Vendee Proper But Also In Lower Poitou, Anjou, Lower Maine And Brittany. The District Was Mainly Inhabited By Peasants; It Contained Few Important Towns, And The Bourgeois Were But A Feeble ...
Warsaw
Warsaw (polish Warszawa) , A Province Of Poland. Area, 11,313 Sq. Miles. Population (1931) Without The City Of Warsaw, 2,532,528, Of Whom 88.4% Are Poles, The Rest Jews And Germans. The Province Of Warsaw, Formerly The Principality Of Mazovia, Is Situated In The Great Central Plain And Drained By The ...
Warsaw
Warsaw, The Capital Of Poland And Chief Town Of The Province Of Warsaw (polish Warszawa). Area Of The Administra Tive District, 46 Sq. Miles. Pop. (1931) 1,178,211, Of Whom 70.7% Were Poles, The Rest Nearly All Jews. It Is Beautifully Situated On The Left Bank Of The Vistula, 387 M. ...
Wart Hog
Wart-hog, The Designa Tion Of Certain Hideous African Wild Swine (see Swine), Charac Terized By The Presence Of Large Warty Protuberances On The Face And The Large Size Of The Tusks In Both Sexes. Very Frequently The Adults Have No Teeth, And Nearly Bare Skins. Two Species Are Recognized, The ...
Wart
Wart, A Papillary New-growth Of The Skin, Or Mucous Mem Brane. The Ordinary Flat Warts Of The Skin Occur Mostly Upon The Hands Of Children And Young Persons; A Long Pendulous Variety Occurs About The Chin Or Neck, And On The Scalp In Adults. Warts Are Apt To Come Out ...
Warta
Warta, A River Of Poland And Germany, And The Chief Affluent Of The River Oder. It Rises In The Carpathian Mountains. Its Total Length Is 445 M. And It Is Navigable Up To Konin In %vest Poland, A Distance Of 265 M. Its Banks Are Mostly Low And Flat, Its ...
Warwick
Warwick, County Town Of Warwickshire, England; On The Avon. Pop. (1931) Warwick Arwic, W Arrewici, W Arrewyk) Seems To Have Been An Early Settlement Fortified Later By Aethelflaed, Against The Danes. At Domesday, Warwick Was A Royal Borough, Contain Ing 261 Houses, Of Which 13o Were In The King's Hands, ...
Warwickshire
Warwickshire, A Midland County Of England. The Area Is 939.8 Square Miles. The River Avon, Watering A Rich Valley On A Line From North-east To South-west, Divides The County Into Two Unequal Parts. The Greater, Lying To The North-west, Drains Principally To The Trent Through The Rivers Cole, Blythe, Rea, ...
Warwick_2
Warwick, A Town Of Kent County, Rhode Island, U.s.a. Pop. (192o) 13,481 (22% Foreign-born White) And 23,196 In 193o Federal Census. It Embraces Several Manufacturing Villages And Summer Resorts. Warwick Was Settled In 1643 By Samuel Gorton (q.v.). In 1647 The Settlement Entered Into A Union With Providence, Newport And ...
War
War. A War Is A Fight Between Human Societies—in Primitive Conditions Between Savage Tribes, In The Civilised World Between States. Its Explanation Involves The Analysis Of The Terms Of This Definition And Requires The Aid Of The Sciences That Treat Of Its Several Elements; Of Biology To Account For The ...
Washburn
Washburn, A City Of Wisconsin, U.s.a. Pop. (193o) 2,238. It Has A Fine Site On High Land Above Lake Superior. Among The Manufactures Are Powder And Dynamite, Lumber And Excelsior. There Are Brownstone Quarries Near By. In 1665 Father Allouez Established The First French Mission In Wisconsin On The Shore ...
Washing Machines
Washing Machines. Although Household Washing Machines—mechanical Devices For Washing Clothes—have Been Used For Many Years, It Was Not Until The World War That These Devices Came Into General Popularity. Mechanical Clothes Washers Trace Their Origin To The First Crude Tub With Corrugated Sides And Bottom That Revolved On An Axis ...
Washing Soda
Washing Soda. The Soda Crystals Commonly Known By This Name, And So Largely Used In Household And Laundry Work, Consist Of Sodium Carbonate Combined With Water. (see Alkali.) ...
Weapons And Formations
Weapons And Formations All The Troops Of An Army Must Be Trained In The Use Of Their Weapons And In Those Evolutions Required For Effective Action Aria For The Co-operation Of The Various Units Large And Small. Forma Tions And Evolutions Are Handed On By Tradition And In Modern Armies ...
Whitney Warren
Warren, Whitney (1864— ), American Architect, Was Born In New York City, On Jan. 29, 1864. After Studying At The Ecole Des Beaux Arts, Paris, Under Daumet And Girault He Began The Practice Of Architecture In New York, Later Becoming Associated With Charles D. Wetmore In The Firm Of Warren ...
Wilfrid Philip 1856 1916 Ward
Ward, Wilfrid Philip (1856-1916), British Man Of Letters, Was Born At Ware, Hertfordshire, On Jan. 2, 1856, The Sec Ond Son Of William George Ward. In 1906 He Became Editor Of The Dublin Review. He Died In London On April 8, 1916. His Works Include : W. G. Ward And ...
Wilhelm Heinrich 1798wackenroder
Wackenroder, Wilhelm Heinrich 1798), German Writer, The Fellow Student Of Ludwig Tieck (q.v.) At Erlangen And Gottingen. Wackenroder Inspired His Friend With His Own Enthusiasm For The Art Of The Middle Ages. They Went To Berlin In 1794, And After The Breach With Nicolai There In 1796, To Dresden. The ...
Wilhelm Richard Wagner
Wagner, Wilhelm Richard Ger Man Dramatic Composer, Poet And Essay-writer, Was Born At Leip Zig On May 2 2, 1813. In 1822 He Was Sent To The Kreuzschule At Dresden, And In 1828 He Was Removed To The Nicolaischule At Leip Zig. His First Music Master Was Gottlieb Muller, Who ...
William 1577 1641 Vaughan
Vaughan, William (1577-1641), English Author And Colonial Pioneer, Son Of Walter Vaughan (d. 1598), Was Born At Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire, His Father's Estate, In 1577. He Was Descended From An Ancient Prince Of Powys. His Brother, John Vaughan (1572-1634), Became Ist Earl Of Carbery; And Another Brother, General Sir Henry ...
William 1824 1860 Walker
Walker, William (1824-1860), American Adventurer, Was Born In Nashville, Tenn., On May 8, 1824. He Graduated At The University Of Nashville In 1838, And In 1843 Received His M.d. From The University Of Pennsylvania. Later He Studied Law And Was Admitted To The Bar In New Orleans. On Oct. 15, ...
William 6 9 1779warburton
Warburton, William ( 6 _9_-1779), English Critic And Divine, Bishop Of Gloucester, Was Born At Newark Dec. 4, 1698, Son Of The Town Clerk Of Newark. William Was Articled An Attorney, Left The Law And In 1727 Was Ordained Priest By The Bishop Of London. At Brant Broughton, Lincolnshire, Of ...
William George 1812 1882 Ward
Ward, William George (1812-1882), English Roman Catholic Theologian, Was Born On March 21, 1812. He Was Educated At Christ Church And Lincoln College, Oxford, And Became A Fellow Of Balliol In 1834. He Was Attracted To The Trac Tarians By His Hatred Of What He Called "respectability." He Re Garded ...
William Henry 1826 1894 Waddington
Waddington, William Henry (1826-1894 ) French Statesman, Was Born At St. Remi-sur-l'avre (eure-et-loir) On Dec. Ii, 1826. He Was The Son Of A Wealthy•englishman Who Had Established A Large Spinning Factory In France And Had Been Naturalized As A French Subject. After Receiving His Early Educa Tion In Paris, He ...
William John 1841 1921 Walsh
Walsh, William John (1841-1921), Roman Catholic Divine, Was Born In Dublin Jan. 3o, 1841. Educated In Dublin And At St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, In 1867 He Was Appointed Professor Of Dogmatic And Moral Theology At Maynooth. In 1878 He Became Vice-president Of The College And In 1881 Succeeded Dr. Russell ...
William Vincent Wallace
Wallace, William Vincent Irish Composer, Was Born At Waterford, Ireland, On Mar. 1 R, 1812. He Led A Roving And Adventurous Career In Australia, The South Seas, India, And S. America. In 1845 He Settled In London And In November Of That Year His Opera Maritana Was Played At Drury ...
William Warham
Warham, William (c. 1450-1532), Archbishop Of Can Terbury, Belonged To A Hampshire Family, And Was Educated At Winchester And New College, Oxford. Later He Took Holy Orders, Held Two Livings, And Became Master Of The Rolls In While Henry Vii. Found Him A Useful And Clever Diplomatist. He Helped To ...
Wyrtgeorn Vortigern Guorthigirnus
Vortigern (guorthigirnus, Wyrtgeorn), King Of The Britons At The Time Of The Arrival Of The Saxons Under Hengest And Horsa In The 5th Century Though Many Legends Have Come Down To Us, About Him, He May Probably Be Safely Regarded As An Actual Historical Figure. Vortigern Made Use Of Hengest ...