Leather
Leather Is Manufactured From The Hides And Skins Of Various Animals, The Principal Of Which Are Cattle, Calves, Sheep, Goats And Pigs. The Skins Of Many Rarer Animals Such As The Walrus, Seal, Antelope, Deer; The Reptiles (snake, Lizard And Alli Gator) ; And The Ostrich, Camel And Elephant Are ...
Leavenworth
Leavenworth, Oldest City Of Kansas, U.s.a., In The North-eastern Part Of The State, On Bluffs Overlooking The Missouri River; The County Seat Of Leavenworth County And The Seat Of Im Portant National Institutions. It Is On Federal Highway 73e, And Is Served By The Burlington, The Chicago Great Western, The ...
Lebanon
Lebanon (semitic Laban, "to Be White," Or "whitish"), In Its Widest Sense, Is The Central Mountain Mass Of The State Of Great Lebanon (proclaimed In 1920 In The French Mandated Terri Tory In Syria), Extending For About Loo M. From North-north-east To South-south-west. It Is Bounded West By The Mediterranean, ...
Lecco
Lecco, Town Of Lombardy, Province Of Como, 32 M. By Rail N. By E. Of Milan, 673 Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. (1931) 33,827. It Is Near The South End Of The Eastern Branch Of The Lake Of Como, Which Is Frequently Distinguished As The Lake Of Lecco. From Lecco The ...
Lectionary Lection
Lection, Lectionary. A Lection, Or Lesson, Is A Read Ing From Scripture, Patristic Homilies Or Lives Of Saints In The Roman Catholic Church. The Custom Of Reading Extracts From The Pentateuch And Prophetic Books (cf. Luke Iv. 16-2o, Xvi. 29) In Synagogues On The Sabbath Was Taken Over With Others ...
Lectisternium
Lectisternium (from Lat. Lectum Sternere, "to Spread A Couch"), A Rite Of Greek Origin, But Common In Rome From 399 B.c. (see Livy, V., 136) Onward. It Consisted Of A Meal Offered To Gods And Goddesses, Represented By Their Busts Or Statues, Perhaps Originally By Aniconic Symbols (see Festus, P. ...
Leech
Leech, The Popular Name Of Members Of The Hirudinea, A Branch Of The Chaetopod Worms. In Anglo-saxon The Word Leech Or Laece Was Used Both For The Blood-letting Medicinal Hirudo And For The Physician, But It Is Uncertain Whether The Animal Was Named After The Physician Or The Physician After ...
Leeds
Leeds, A City And Municipal County In The West Riding Of Yorkshire, England, 185 M. N.n.w. From London. Pop. (1931) 482,789. It Is The Largest Unit In The Urban Region Of West York Shire. It Is On The River Aire, And Lies Above The Marshy Lowland Which Is Liable To ...
Leek
Leek, The Allium Porrum Of Botanists, A Plant Now Consid Ered As A Mere Variety Of Allium Ampeloprasum, Wild Leek, Pro Duced By Cultivation. The Plant Is Probably Of Eastern Origin, Since It Was Commonly Cultivated In Egypt In The Time Of The Pharaohs, And Is So To The Present ...
Leeuwarden
Leeuwarden, The Capital Of The Province Of Friesland, Holland, On The Canal Between Harlingen And Groningen, 33 M. By Rail W. Of Groningen. Pop. (1930) 48,548. Leeuwarden Grew Up Round The Court Of The Frisian Stadtholders; And It Is An Ex Ceptionally Clean Town. The Prince's Garden, Originally Laid Out ...
Legacy
Legacy, In Common Law, Some Particular Bequest Given Or Left By A Testator In His Will. The Word Is Primarily Applicable To Gifts Of Personalty Or Gifts Charged Upon Real Estate. Legacies May Be Either Specific, General Or Demonstrative. A Specific Legacy Is "something Which A Testator, Identifying It By ...
Legacy Duty And Succession
Legacy Duty And Succession Duty. In The British Fiscal System, Gratuitous Acquisitions Of Property Tak Ing Place By Reason Of The Death Of An Individual Are Charged To Legacy Duty Or Succession Duty. These Two Duties, Which Are In Reality Complementary To One Another—a Fact Which Arises Out Of The ...
Legal Aid
Legal Aid, A Phrase Which Has Acquired By Usage And Court Decision A Specific Meaning And Is Now The Standard Term Employed To Denote Giving To Poor Persons, Gratis Or For Nominal Fees, Legal Advice And Assistance In Their Legal Matters And Sup Plying Counsel To Represent Them In Court ...
Legal Education
Legal Education. The Subject Of This Article Is Education In English And United States Law; I.e., The Law As Ad Ministered In English And United States Courts Of Justice. Early Usage.—it Is Noteworthy, Though When The Causes Are Understood It Is Not Surprising, That Until About The Middle Of The ...
Legate
Legate, A Title Now Generally Confined To The Highest Class Of Diplomatic Representatives Of The Pope, Though Still Occasionally Used, In Its Original Latin Sense, Of Any Ambassador Or Diplomatic Agent. According To The Nova Cornpilatio Decretalium Of Gregory Ix., Under The Title "de Officio Legati" The Canon Law Recognizes ...
Leghorn
Leghorn, City Of Tuscany, Italy (ital. Livorno, Fr. Livourne), Chief Town Of The Province Of The Same Name, Which Consists Of The Commune Of Leghorn And The Islands Of Elba And Gorgona. The Town Is The Seat Of A Bishopric And Of A Large Naval Academy—the Only One In Italy—and ...
Legion
Legion, In Early Rome, The Levy Of Citizens Marching Out En Masse To War (lat. Legio), Like The Citizen-army Of Any Other Primitive State. As Rome Came To Need More Than One Army At Once And Warfare Grew More Complex, Legio Came To Denote A Unit Of 4,000-6,000 Heavy Infantry ...
Legislature
Legislature, The Name Given To That Portion Of The Government Of A Country Or State Which Is Charged With The Making, Modification Or Repealing Of The Laws, And With The Raising And Appropriation Of The Revenues. In Nearly All Modern States The Bicameral System Has Been Adopted. Generally Speaking, The ...
Legitimacy And Legitimation
Legitimacy And Legitimation. Legitimacy Is The Status Of Children Whose Parents Are Lawfully Married. Legiti Mation Is The Mode In Which Such Status Is Acquired By Those Whose Parents Were Not Lawfully Married At The Time When The Children Were Born. It May Be Effected Either By Some Special Act ...
Legnano
Legnano, A Town Of Lombardy, Italy, Province Of Milan, 17 M. N.w. Of It By Rail, 682 Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. (1931) 29, 875. The Church Of S. Magno, Built In The Style Of Bramante By G. Lampugnano (1504-1529), Contains An Altar-piece By Luini. There Are Also Remains Of A ...
Leguminosae
Leguminosae, The Second Largest Family Of Seed-plants, Containing About 600 Genera With 12,000 Species. It Belongs To The Series Rosales Of The Dicotyledons, And Contains Three Well Marked Subfamilies, Papilionatae, Mimosoideae And Caesalpini Oideae. The Plants Are Trees, Shrubs Or Herbs Of Very Various Habit. The British Representatives, All Of ...
Leicester
Leicester, A Municipal County And The County Town Of Leicestershire, England ; On The River Soar, A Southern Tributary Of The Trent, 99 M. N.n.w. From London By The L.m.s. Railway. It Is Served Also By The L.n.e. Railway And By The Leicester Canal. Pop. (1931) 239,111. Leicester Was Created ...
Leicestershire
Leicestershire, A Midland County Of England, Bounded North By Nottinghamshire, East By Lincolnshire And Rutland, South-east By Northamptonshire, South-west By Warwickshire, And North-west By Derbyshire, Also Touching Staffordshire On The West. The Area Is 823.6 Sq. Miles. The Main Topographical Feature Of Leicestershire Is The Broad Valley Of The Soar, ...
Leif Ericsson 11 999 1000
Leif Ericsson (11. 999-1000), Scandinavian Discoverer Of America, Of Icelandic Family, The First Known European Dis Coverer Of "vinland," "vineland" Or "wineland, The Good," In North America. He Was A Son Of Eric The Red (eirikr Hinn Raudi Thorvaldsson), The Founder Of The Earliest Scandinavian Settle Ments—from Iceland—in Greenland (985). ...
Leiningen
Leiningen, The Name Of An Old German Family, Whose Lands Lay Principally In Alsace And Lorraine. The First Count Of Leiningen About Whom Anything Certain Is Known Was A Certain Emicho (d. 1117), Whose Family Became Extinct In The Male Line When Count Frederick, A Minnesinger, Died About 1220. Frede ...
Leipzig
Leipzig, City Of Germany, The First Town Of The Land Of Saxony In Size And Commercial Importance, 7o M. N.w. Of Dresden And Iii M. S.w. Of Berlin By Rail, And 6 M. From The Prussian Frontier. It Lies 35o Ft. Above Sea-level In A Plain, Just Above The Junction ...
Leith Or Port Of
Leith Or Port Of Leith, Incorporated With Edinburgh, Scotland, In 1920, Had A Population Of 80,488 In 1911. It Is Situ Ated On The South Shore Of The Firth Of Forth. It Has Stations On The L.n.e. And L.m.s. And A Branch Line (l.n.e.) To Portobello. The Town Is A ...
Leitmotiv
Leitmotiv (leading Motive), Term Invented By Hans Von Wolzogen (1848-1938), Well-known Wagnerian Analyst And Commentator, As A Convenient Designation For The Characteristic And Constantly-recurring Musical Motives, Also Known Sometimes As "representative Themes," Which Play Such An All-important Part In Wagnerian Opera And The Development Of Which As A Musical Device ...
Leitrim
Leitrim, A County Of Ireland In The Province Of Connaught, Bounded North-west By Donegal Bay, North-east By Fermanagh, East By Cavan, South-east By Longford, South-west By Roscommon And West By Sligo. Area 392,381 Ac. Or About 613 Sq. Miles. Pop. (1926) 55,888. The County Has A Floor Of Carboniferous Limestone, ...
Leland Stanford Jr University
Leland Stanford Jr. University (stan Ford University), Near Palo Alto (calif.), U.s.a., In The Beautiful Santa Clara Valley, Was Founded In 1885 By Leland Stan Ford And By His Wife, Jane Lathrop Stanford (1825— 1905), As A Memorial To Their Only Child, Leland Stanford Jr., Who Died In 1884 In ...
Leleges
Leleges. Various Traditions Were Current Among The Greeks Respecting Earlier Inhabitants Of Their Country. They Were Inclined To Assign The Comprehensive Name Of Pelasgians To All Such Peoples, But Among Them Distinguished Carians And Leleges Whom They Regarded As Akin. The Carians Existed As A People In South-western Anatolia In ...
Lemberg
Lemberg (polish, Lwow), A Province Of Poland Bounded On The West By Cracow, On The North By Lublin, On The East By Tarnpol Provinces And On The South By The Province Of Stanis Lawow And The Carpathians, The Ancient Frontier Of Poland And Slovakia. Area, 27,024 Sq.km. The Province Comprises ...
Lemming
Lemming, A Small Scandinavian Rodent, Lemmus Lemmas, Belonging To The Mouse Tribe (muridae), And Nearly Related To The Voles. About 5 In. Long, The Lemming Is Clad In Yellowish-brown Fur, Marked With Spots Of Black And Brown. The Head Is Short And Rounded, The Eyes Bead-like And The Short, Rounded ...
Lemnos
Lemnos, An Island In The North Of The Aegean Sea. Area About 15° Sq. Miles. Pop. (1928) Was 3,8o8. It Is Mountainous, With Sheep Pasture And Very Fertile Valleys. No Forests Remain And All Wood Is Brought From Thasos Or The Mainland. There Are Mul Berries And Other Fruit Crops, ...
Lemon
Lemon, The Fruit Of Citrus Limonia, Which Is Often Regarded As A Variety Of Citrus Medico, The Citron. The Wild Stock Of The Lemon Tree Is Said To Be A Native Of The Valleys Of Kumaon And Sikkim In The North-west Provinces Of India, Ascending To A Height Of 4,00o ...
Lemur
Lemur, The Name Applied To The More Primitive Members Of The Primates (q.v.), Which Do Not Come Under The Designa Tion Of Either Monkeys Or Apes, And Constitute The Sub-orders Lemuroidea And Tarsioidea, The Latter Including Only The Malayan Genus Tarsius. The Other Sub-order Includes The True Lemurs Of Madagascar ...
Leningrad
Leningrad, The Chief Town Of The Leningrad Area And The Second Largest City In The U.s.s.r. Pop. (1926) 1,592,158. Its Name Was Originally St. Petersburg, But After The Outbreak Of War With Germany In 1914 This Germanic Name Was Changed To Petro Grad, Grad Being A Form Of The Russian ...
Leningrad Area
Leningrad Area, An Administrative Division Of The Russian S.f.s.r., Created In June, 1927, From The Provinces Of Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod, Pskov And Cherepovetz. Area 359,027 Sq. Kilometres. Pop. (1926) 6,391,964, Of Whom 1,592,158 Are Concentrated In The Town Of Leningrad. The Murmansk Dis Trict (q.v.), With The Kola Peninsula (q.v.), ...
Lennox
Lennox, A Name Given To A Large District In Dumbartonshire And Stirlingshire, Which Was Erected Into An Earldom In The Latter Half Of The 12th Century. It Embraced The Ancient Sheriffdom Of Dumbarton And Nineteen Parishes With The Whole Of The Lands Round Loch Lomond. Alwin, First Earl Of Lennox, ...
Lens
Lens, In Optics, An Instrument Which Refracts The Luminous Rays Proceeding From An Object In Such A Manner As To Produce An Image, Real Or Virtual, Of The Object (from Lat. Lens, Lentil, On Account Of The Similarity Of The Form Of A Lens To That Of A Lentil Seed). ...
Lent
Lent, In The Christian Church, The Period Of Fasting Prepara Tory To The Festival Of Easter. As This Fast Falls In The Early Part Of The Year, It Became Confused With The Season, And Gradually The Word Lent, Which Originally Meant Spring, Was Confined To This Use. The Length Of ...
Lentil
Lentil, The Seed Of Lens Esculenta (also Known As Ervum Lens), A Small Annual Of The Vetch Tribe. The Plant Varies From 6 To 18 In. In Height, And Has Many Long Ascending Branches. The Leaves Are Alternate, With Six Pairs Of Oblong-linear, Obtuse, Mu Cronate Leaflets. The Flowers, Two ...
Leo I
Leo I., Who Alone Of Roman Pontiffs Shares With Gregory I. The Surname Of The Great, Pope From 440 To 461, Was A Native Of Rjme, Or, According To A Less Probable Account, Of Volterra In Tuscany. In 429, When The First Unmistakable Reference To Pope Leo Occurs, He Was ...
Leo I_2
Leo I., Variously Surnamed Thrax, Magnus And Makelles, Emperor Of The East, 457-474, Was Born In Thrace About 400. From His Position As Military Tribune He Was Raised To The Throne By The Soldiery And Recognized Both By Senate And Clergy; His Coronation By The Patriarch Of Constantinople Is Said ...
Leo Iii
Leo Iii., Whose Pontificate (795-816) Covered The Last Eighteen Years Of The Reign Of Charlemagne, Was A Native Of Rome, And Having Been Chosen Successor Of Adrian I. On Dec. 26, 795, Was Consecrated To The Office On The 27th Day. His First Act Was To Send To Charles As ...
Leo Iii_2
Leo Iii. (c. Called The Isaurian, Emperor Of The East, 717-740. Born About 68o In The Syrian Province Of Commagene, He Rose To Distinction In The Military Service, And Under Anastasius Ii. Was Invested With The Command Of The Eastern Army. In 717 He Revolted Against The Usurper Theodosius Iii. ...
Leo Vi
Leo Vi., Surnamed The Wise And The Philosopher, Byzan Tine Emperor, 886-911. He Was The Son Of Eudocia, Wife Of Basil I., But In Fact His Father Was Michael Iii. The Chief Event Of His Reign Was The Capture Of Thessalonica (9o4) By Moham Medan Pirates (described In The Capture ...
Leo Viii
Leo Viii., Pope From 963 To 965, A Roman By Birth, Held The Lay Office Of Protoscrinius When He Was Elected To The Papal Chair At The Instance Of Otto The Great By The Roman Synod Which Deposed John Xii. In December 963. In February 964, The Em Peror Having ...
Leo Xii
Leo Xii. (annibale Della Genga), Pope From 1823 To 1829, Was Born Near Spoleto On Aug. 2 2, 176o. Educated At The Acca Demia Dei Nobili Ecclesiastici At Rome, He Was Ordained Priest In 1783. In 1792 Pius Vi. Made Him His Private Secretary, In 1793 Creating Him Titular Archbishop ...
Leo Xiii
Leo Xiii. (gioacchino Pecci) (1810-19o3), Pope From 1878 To 1903, Reckoned The 257th Successor Of St. Peter, Was Born At Carpineto On March 2, 181o. His Family Was Sienese In Origin, And His Father, Colonel Domenico Pecci, Had Served Under Napoleon. His Mother, Anna Prosperi, Is Said To Have Been ...
Leofric
Leofric (d. 1057), Earl Of Mercia, Was A Son Of Leofwine, Earl Of Mercia, And Became Earl At Some Date Previous To 102. Henceforth, Being One Of The Three Great Earls Of The Realm, He Took A Leading Part In Public Affairs. On The Death Of King Canute In 1035 ...
Leon
Leon, The Largest City Of Nicaragua, Central America, Capital Of The Province Or Department Of The Same Name, One Of The Oldest And Most Picturesque Spanish Cities Of Central America. Pop. (1928) About 47,000. It Is 52 M. From Managua, The Na Tional Capital, And 35 M. From Corinto, The ...
Leon_2
Leon, The Name Of A Modern Province And Of An Ancient Kingdom, Captaincy-general And Province In North-western Spain. The Modern Province, Founded In 1833, Is Bounded On The North By Oviedo, North-east By Santander, East By Palencia, South By Valladolid And Zamora And West By Orense And Lugo. Pop. (1930) ...
Leon_3
Leon, An Episcopal See And The Capital Of The Spanish Province Of Leon, Situated On A Hill 2,631 Ft. Above Sea-level, In The Angle Made By The Torio And Bernesga, Streams Which Unite On The South, And Form The River Leon, A Tributary Of The Esla. Pop. (1930) 29,337. Leon ...
Leonardo 94 6leo
Leo, Leonardo _94 ( 6 , I —1,7 4 , More Correctly Lionardo Oronzo Salvatore De Leo, Italian Musical Composer, Was Born On Aug. 5, 1694, At S. Vito Dei Normanni, Near Brindisi. He Be Came A Student At The Conservatorio Della Pieta Dei Turchini At Naples In 1703, And ...
Leonardo Da Vinci 1452 1519
Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519), The Great Italian Painter, Sculptor, Architect, Musician, Mechanician, Engineer And Natural Philosopher, Was The Natural Son Of A Florentine Lawyer. The Place Of His Birth Was Vinci, A Castello Or Fortified Hill Village In The Florentine Territory Near Empoli, From Which His Father's Family Derived Its ...