1 World Population And
(1) World Population And Its Distribution (a) Geographical Distribution.—the Best Known Estimates Of The Population Of The World Are Those Of The International Statistical Institute. In Table I. Are Given The Estimates Of The Institute For The World As A Whole And For The Five Continents About The Years 1920 ...
1822 1901 Porter
Porter, (1822-1901), American Soldier, Was Born At Portsmouth (n.h.) On Aug. 31, 1822. He Was The Son Of A Naval Officer, And Nephew Of David Porter Of The Frigate "essex." He Graduated At The U.s. Military Academy In 1845 ; In The Mexican War He Won Two Brevets For Gallantry. ...
1926 35 Marshal Pilsudskis Rule
Marshal Pilsudski's Rule, 1926-35 Meanwhile Internal Dissensions Intensified While The Conclusion Of A New Russo-german Treaty In Berlin (march 1926) Increased The Gen Eral Nervousness. Pilsudski, In His Retreat, Was Looked Up To By Large Masses Of The People As The Only Man Who Could Secure A Better Future For ...
2 Marthinius Pretorius 1819 1901
2. Marthinius Pretorius (1819-1901), The Eldest Son Of Andries, Was Appointed In Aug. 1853 To Succeed His Father As Com Mandant-general Of Potchefstroom And Rustenburg, Two Of The Districts Into Which The Transvaal Was Then Divided. In 1854 He Led His Burghers Against A Chief Named Makapan, Who Had Mur ...
7 Myxophyceae
7. Myxophyceae (cyanophyceae Or Blue-green Algae), See Algae. Several Classes Of Algae Are Omitted, Because They Include Only Relatively Specialized Forms, Viz., The Diatoms (bacillariales, Q.v.), And The Brown And Red Seaweeds (phaeophyceae And Rhodo Phyceae, See Algae). They Are, However, Likewise Distinguished By Their Pigmentation, The Products Of Photosynthesis, ...
Absorption Of Water By
Absorption Of Water By The Plant Body Water Plants Are Surrounded By A Very Dilute Solution Of Salts, As In The Case Of Fresh Water Or A Somewhat Stronger Solution In The Case Of Sea Water. Being Surrounded By A Watery Medium The Loss Of Water, And Accordingly The Need ...
Account
Account In The Present Section A Brief Account Will Be Given Of Some Of The More Important Plant Diseases And Under The Following Headings— (a) Physiological Plant Diseases. (b) Plant Diseases Due To Bacteria. (c) Plant Diseases Due To Viruses. (d) Plant Diseases Due To Fungi And Slime-fungi. (e) Plant ...
Action Of Poisons
Action Of Poisons Poisons May Have A Local Action Or A General Systemic Action After Absorption Into The Circulatory System, Or They May Act In Both Ways. Almost All Poisons Have A General Systemic Action. Some Poisons Such As "corrosives" Destroy The Mucous Mem Brane Or Tissues With Which They ...
Alessandro 1802 1848 Poerio
Poerio, Alessandro (1802-1848), Italian Poet And Patriot, Was Descended From An Old Calabrian Family, His Father, Baron Giuseppe Poerio, Being A Distinguished Neapolitan Lawyer. In 1815 He And His Brother Carlo Accompanied Their Father, Who Had Been Identified With Murat's Cause, Into Exile, And Settled At Florence. In 1818 They ...
Alexander 1688 1744 Pope
Pope, Alexander (1688-1744), English Poet, Was Born In Lombard Street, London, On May 21, 1688. His Father, Alex Ander Pope, A Roman Catholic, Was A Linen-draper Who Afterwards Retired From Business With A Small Fortune And Fixed His Residence About 1700 At Binfield In Windsor Forest. Pope's Education Was Desultory. ...
Alexander 1799 1837 Pushkin
Pushkin, Alexander (1799-1837), Russian Poet, Was Born At Moscow On June 6, 1799. He Belonged To An Ancient Family Of Boyars ; His Maternal Great-grandfather Was An Abys Sinian General In The Russian Service, Ennobled By Peter The Great. In 1811 The Future Poet Entered The Newly Founded Lyceum Of ...
Alexander Dmitrievich 1864 1918 Protopopov
Protopopov, Alexander Dmitrievich (1864-1918), Russian Statesman, Was Born In 1864 And Educated In A Military School. He Served For Some Time In The Army Before Going Into Business. As A Big Landowner Of The Simbirsk Province, He Took An Active Part In The Zemstvo Life, And Was Elected Mem Ber ...
Alexander Nicholoff 1867 1928 Protogueroff
Protogueroff, Alexander Nicholoff (1867-1928), Macedonian Revolutionary Leader, Was Born At Ochrida, Macedonia, In 1867. He Went To The Military School Of Sofia, And, After Some Military Service In Bulgaria, Joined The Macedonian Movement In 1895 And Commanded A Band Of Insur Gents. He Was A Moderate Member Of The Superior ...
Analogies With Particular Human
Analogies With Particular Human Mental States Sleep And Dreams Of Animals.—a Condition Corresponding To Our Sleep Exists In Vertebrates, Particularly In Mammals And Birds. All Sensory Activities Are Then Reduced. The Capacity Of Executing Voluntary Muscular Movements Is Interrupted, While The Automatic Movements And Activities Continue As Usual. The Eyes ...
Anatomy Of Plants
Anatomy Of Plants The Term "anatomy," Originally Employed In Biological Science To Denote A Description Of The Facts Of Structure Revealed On Cutting Up An Organism, Whether With Or Without The Aid Of Lenses For The Purposes Of Magnification, Is Restricted In The Present Article, In Accordance With A Common ...
Ancient Italian Pottery
Ancient Italian Pottery North And South Italy Were Separate Cultural Provinces In Pre Historic Times. The South, With Sicily, Produced Some Elaborately Painted Pottery, Which May Be Related To The Neolithic Wares Of Mainland Greece, And Some Incised With Rectilinear Patterns Like Those On The Earliest Fabrics Of Troy And ...
Andrew Michael Ramsay
Ramsay, Andrew Michael French Writer, Of Scottish Birth, Commonly Called The "chevalier Ram Say," Was Born At Ayr On Jan. 9, I686. Ramsay Served With The English Auxiliaries In The Netherlands, And In 1710 Visited Fenelon, Who Converted Him To Roman Catholicism. He Remained In France Until 1724, When He ...
Andrew Plimer
Plimer, Andrew (c. 1763-1837), English Miniature Painter, Was The Son Of A Clock-maker At Wellington. With His Brother Nathaniel (1757–c. 1822) He Joined A Party Of Gipsies And Wandered About With Them, Eventually Reaching London, Where In 1781 He Was Engaged By Mrs. Cosway As Studio Boy. Cosway Sent Him ...
Angola
Angola. ) Pedro Alvares Cabral, Sailing To India, But Steering Far West Ward To Avoid The Winds And Currents Of The Guinea Coast, Reached Brazil ( I5oo) And Claimed It For His Sovereign. Joao Da Nova Dis Covered Ascension (1501) And St. , Helena (1502) ; Tristao Da Cunha Was ...
Anthero De 1842 1891 Quental
Quental, Anthero De (1842-1891), Portuguese Poet, Was Born In The Azores, And Studied At The University Of Co Imbra. After The Publication Of One Volume Of Verse, He Joined The Revolt Of The Young Men Which Dethroned Castilho, The Chief Living Poet Of The Elder Generation, From His Place As ...
Anthropoid Apes
Anthropoid Apes Among The Old World Primates One Group Is Distinguished From The Rest By Its Far Closer Resemblance To Man, A Likeness Rec Ognized In The Name Anthropoid (man-like) Apes. These Include The Gibbons, The Orang, Chimpanzee And Gorilla (qq.v.). The An Thropoids Have Usually Been Collectively Grouped In ...
Antoine Francois Prevost
Prevost, Antoine Francois ) , French Author And Novelist, Was Born At Hesdin, Artois, On April 1, 1697. He Was Educated At The Jesuit School Of Hesdin, And In 1713 Be Came A Novice Of The Order In Paris, Pursuing His Studies At The Same Time At The College Of ...
Audio Frequency Amplification
Audio Frequency Amplification Are Illustrated By Examples From Modern Practice, But It Must Be Remembered That This Practice Is Changing From Year To Year, Almost From Month To Month. Put Broadly, Radio Reception Means The Reception Of Signals From A Certain Distant Transmitter With A Reasonable Degree Of Loudness And ...
August Platen Hallermund
Platen-hallermund, August, Graf Vox German Poet And Dramatist, Was Born On Oct. 24, 1796, At Ansbach, And Entered The Bavarian Life Guards In He Took Part In The Short Campaign In France Of 1815; He Then Obtained A Long Leave Of Absence, And After A Tour In Switzerland And The ...
Augustus Welby Northmore 1852
Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore 1852) , English Architect, Son Of Augustus Charles Pugin (1762 1832), A Frenchman Who Settled In London As An Architectural Draughtsman, Was Born In Store Street, Bedford Square, On Mar. I, 1812, And Died On Sept. 14, 1852, At Ramsgate. He Was Edu Cated At Christ's ...
Aurelius Clemens Prudentius
Prudentius, Aurelius Clemens (348–c. 410), The Most Remarkable Of The Earlier Christian Poets In The West, Was Probably Born At Tarraco. The Meagre Autobiographical Preface, Which He Affixed To The Complete Edition Of His Works When He Was Fifty-seven Years Old, Makes It Clear That He Received A Liberal Education—being ...
Automatic Train Control
Automatic Train Control Automatic Train Control Is A Term Commonly Used To Describe A Method Of Stopping Or Reducing The Speed Of A Train Without The Intervention Of The Engineman, And, As Generally Employed, Covers Either An Automatic Train Stop Or A Speed Control System. In The First Instance The ...
B Engineering And General
B. Engineering And General Construction Track Or Permanent Way.—the Desire To Move Heavy Min Erals Such As Stone And Coal More Easily Than By Road Led To The Employment Of "wagon-ways" In Great Britain During The 17th Century. These "wagon-ways" Merely Consisted Of Wooden Planks Laid On The Ruts Caused ...
Bailiff And Bailie
Bailiff And Bailie.) The "provosts Of The Marshals Of France," Mentioned Above, Were Non-legal Officials (officiers De La Robe Courte) Forming Part Of The Body Of The Marechaussee Which Was Under The Ancien Regime What The Gendarmerie Was After The Revolution. Their Original Function Was To Judge Offences Committed By ...
Battle Of 168 Pydna
Pydna, Battle Of (168 B.c.). The Roman Operations In Greece Having Lingered On For Some Time, Lucius Aemilius Paullus, "one Of The Few Romans Of That Age To Whom One Could Not Offer Money," Was Sent To Hasten A Decision. Arriving At Herac Leum He At Once Seized The Pass ...
Battle Of Poitiers
Battle Of Poitiers The Battle Of Poitiers, Which Was Fought On Sept. 19, 1356, Between The Armies Of King John Of France And Of Edward The "black Prince," Was The Second Of The Three Great English Vic Tories Of The Hundred Years' War. From Bordeaux The Black Prince Had Led ...
Book Of Common Prayer
Prayer, Book Of Common, The Title Of The Official Service Book Of The Church Of England. One Of The Most Impor Tant Steps Taken At The Reformation Was The Compilation And Pro Vision Of A Comprehensive Service Book For General And Compul Sory Use In Public Worship Throughout The Church ...
Book Of Proverbs
Proverbs, Book Of. This Old Testament Book Falls Into Nine Sections. Each Of These Has Its Special Stylistic And Other Characteristics, Some Of Them Containing Evident Traces Of Compila Tion From Earlier Collections, One (as Has Only Lately Been Recog Nized) Being Almost Completely Paralleled In An Extant Egyptian Book, ...
Bottling Fruit
Bottling Fruit The Aim When Bottling Is To Sterilize The Contents Of The Bottle, And Having Done So To Prevent Any Germs From Entering By Seal Ing It. Bottling Is One Of The Simplest, But Most Useful Methods Of Preserving Fruit And Vegetables, For Their Character And Flavour Is Unaltered, ...
British Postal Staff
British Postal Staff The Enormous Expansion Of Post Office Business Since 1840 Has Naturally Resulted In A Corresponding Increase In The Number Of The Staff, And Brought With It Its Full Complement Of The Problems Which Arise In Modern Conditions In Regard To The Rela Tions Between The Employer And ...
C Railway Economics
C. Railway Economics Capital.—railway Capital Is The Money Expended Upon The Construction And Equipment Of The Railway Property, A Railway Company Being Permitted By Its Act Of Incorporation To Raise Capital For These Purposes To The Extent Of A Stated Amount ; In The Case Of The Great Northern Railway, ...
Cambium
Cambium Secondary Tissues.—in Most Of The Modern Pteridophytes, Monocotyledons, And In Annual Plants Among The Dicotyledons, There Is No Further Growth Of Much Structural Importance After The Tissues Above Considered Have Been Differentiated. But In Nearly All Perennial Dicotyledons, And In All Dicotyledonous And Gymnospermous Trees And Shrubs, Certain Layers ...
Campaign And Battle Of
Quiberon, Campaign And Battle Of. Several Plans Were Made For The Invasion Of The British Isles By The French During The Seven Years' War, And In 1759 An Army Was Assembled At Vannes In Brittany, With Its Transports Lying In The Morbihan, The Landlocked Waters Inside Quiberon Bay. To Protect ...
Canning
Canning The Same Principles And Methods Are Used In Canning As Bottling, The Chief Difference Being That Metal, And Not Glass, Containers Are Used, And The Method Of Sealing Is Therefore Different. Canning Has The Advantage That It Occupies Less Time Than Bottling And Less Care Is Necessary As There ...
Carlo Andrea Pozzo Di
Pozzo Di Borgo, Carlo Andrea, Count (1764 1842), Russian Diplomatist, Was Born At Alata, Near Ajaccio, Of A Noble Corsican Family, On March 8, 1764, Some Four Years Before The Cession Of The Island To France. He Was Educated At Pisa, And In Early Life Was Closely Associated With Napoleon ...
Census Of Production
Production, Census Of. In Many Countries No General Survey Of Production Is Available. In Countries Mainly Devoted To Agriculture, The Ascertainment Of The Distribution Of The Cultivated Area, And Of The Quantities Of The Leading Crops And The Numbers Of Livestock Maintained, Gives Information Of The Greatest Importance. Where The ...
Census Of Production In
Census Of Production In The United States The First Census In The United States, Taken In 1790, Covered Population Alone And Not Until 1810 Was Any Effort Made To Secure Data On Other Subjects. As Economic Problems Have Grown In Number And Complexity, The Data Gathered Through Censuses Of Production ...
Censuses Of Production In
Censuses Of Production In Various Countries While The Taking Of A Census Of Industrial Establishments, Deal Ing With The Numbers Employed, The Mechanical Power Used And The Character Of The Industry In Which They Are Engaged, Is A Fairly Common Practice, And Is In Some Cases Supplemented By Particulars Of ...
Censuses Of Production In
Censuses Of Production In The United Kingdom In Dec. 1906 The Legislative Authority For The Taking Of A Series Of Censuses Of Production In The United Kingdom Was Given In The Census Of Production Act. (6 Edw. Vii. C. 49) Which Provided For A Census In Respect Of 1907 And ...
Characteristics Of Different Poisons
Characteristics Of Different Poisons Classification.—poisons May Be Classified In Many Different Ways, E.g., According To Their Chemical Composition, To Their Action On The Body, To Their Physical Characters, Etc. The Following Is A Convenient And Simple Classification. I. Corrosive Poisons Are Those Which Destroy By Direct Action The Tissues With ...
Charles 1808 1893 Pritchard
Pritchard, Charles (1808-1893), British Astron Omer, Was Born At Alberbury, Shropshire, On Feb. 29, 1808. He Was Educated At St. John's College, Cambridge, Elected A Fellow Of His College In 1832, And Became A Schoolmaster. On His Retire Ment In 1862 He Settled At Freshwater, In The Isle Of Wight, ...
Charles Ferdinand R Am
R Am U Z, Charles Ferdinand (1878— ), French-swiss Author, Born At Cully, In The Canton Of Vaud. In The Opening Years Of The Loth Century He Gained A Well-merited Reputation In A Restricted Circle ; But Nearly 25 Years Were To Pass Before Proper Appreciation Was Accorded By Foreign ...