Portrait Painting
Portrait Painting. A Portrait Is A Work Of Art Repre Senting An Individual. It Has Been Called A Materialization Of An Individual Soul. The Pleasure We Derive From The Contemplation Of A Portrait Is Due To Its Value As A Likeness As Well As To Its Aesthetic Qualities. A Cast ...
Portsmouth
Portsmouth, A Municipal, County Borough, And Seaport Of Hampshire, England, 74 M. S.w. From London, On The S.r. It Was Made A City In 1926. Pop. (1931) 249,288. Portsmouth Owes Its Origin To The Retreat Of The Sea From Porchester. No Town Existed There Until The 12th Century, When Its ...
Portsmouth_2
Portsmouth, A City Of New Hampshire, U.s.a., The Only Seaport Of The State ; On The Piscataqua River, Near Its Entrance Into The Atlantic Ocean. It Is On Federal Highways 1 And 4, And Is Served By The Boston And Maine Railroad And Steamship Lines. Pop. (1920) 13,569 (17% Foreign-born ...
Portsmouth_3
Portsmouth, A City Of South-eastern Virginia, U.s.a., On The Elizabeth River (an Estuary Of Hampton Roads) Opposite Norfolk; The County Seat Of Norfolk County, But Independent Of It. It Is On Federal Highway 117, And Is Served (either Directly Or Through The Industrial Belt Line Which Encircles Portsmouth And Norfolk) ...
Portugal
Portugal, A Republic Of Western Europe, Forming Part Of The Iberian Peninsula, And Bounded On The N. And E. By Spain, And On The S. And W. By The Atlantic Ocean. Pop. (1930), 6,360,347; Area 34,254 Sq.m. In Shape The Country Resembles A Roughly Drawn Parallelogram, With Its Greatest Length ...
Portuguese East Africa Or
Portuguese East Africa Or Mozambique (official Name: A Provincia De Mocambique). This Portuguese Possession, Bounded East By The Indian Ocean, North By Tangan Yika Territory, West By The Nyasaland Protectorate, Rhodesia And The Transvaal, South By Tongaland (natal), Has An Area Of 770,000 Square Kilometres. It Is Divided In Two ...
Portuguese Guinea
Portuguese Guinea, A Portuguese Possession In West Africa, Extending Along The Guinea Coast From Cape Roxo In 12° 9' N. To The Cogon Estuary In O° 5e N. Inland It Reaches To 13° 4o' W., Being Enclosed Landward By French Territory, The Casamance District Of Senegal To The North And ...
Portuguese Language
Portuguese Language. Portuguese-galician Con Stitutes The Second Branch Of The Latin Of Spain. In It We Must Distinguish—(i ) Portuguese (portuguez, Perhaps A Contraction From The Old Portugalez = Portugalensis), The Language Of The King Dom Of Portugal And Its Colonies In Africa, Asia And America (brazil) ; (2) Galician ...
Portuguese Literature
Portuguese Literature. The Literature Of The Portuguese Is Distinguished By The Wealth And Variety Of Its Lyric Poetry, Its Primacy In Bucolic Verse And Prose, The Num Ber Of Its Epics And Historical Books, And The Relative Slightness Of Its Drama, Biography And Letters. Rich As Its Romanceiro Is, Its ...
Portus
Portus, An Ancient Harbour Of Latium, Italy, On The Right Bank Of The Tiber, At Its Mouth. For Its Origin See Ostia. Claudius Constructed The First Harbour Here, 21 M. North Of Ostia, Enclosing An Area Of 17o Acres, With Two Long Curving Moles Pro Jecting Into The Sea, And ...
Poseidon
Poseidon, In Greek Mythology, God Of The Sea And Of Water Generally, Son Of Cronus And Rhea, And Brother Of Zeus And Pluto (perhaps "lord Of See Carnoy In Musee Beige, Xxviii. P. 175 Or Connected With Drink, A River). When The Three Brothers Deposed Their Father, Cronus, The Kingdom ...
Poseidonius
Poseidonius (13o?-5o B.c.), Nicknamed "the Athlete," Stoic Philosopher, The Most Learned Man Of His Time And Perhaps Of All The School. A Native Of Apameia In Syria And A Pupil Of Panaetius, He Spent Many Years In Travel And Scientific Researches In Spain (particularly At Gades), Africa, Italy, Gaul, Liguria. ...
Positive Rays
Positive Rays. In 1886 Goldstein While Experimenting With The Discharge In Gases At Low Pressures Observed Luminous Streamers Passing Through Perforations In The Cathode And Illumi Nating The Gas Behind It. The Luminosity, He Assumed, Was Due To Rays Of Some Sort Which Travelled In The Opposite Direction To The ...
Positivism
Positivism, A Philosophical Term, Applied Somewhat Loosely To Any System Which Confines Itself To The Data Of Experience And Declines To Recognize A Priori Or Metaphysical Speculations. In This Sense The Term May Be Applied To Empirical Philosophers In Gen Eral. Thus Hume Is A Positivist In The Sense That ...
Possession
Possession, The Supposed Control Of A Human Body And Mind By An Alien Spirit, Human Or Non-human; Or The Occupation By An Alien Spirit Of Some Portion Of A Human Body, Causing Sick Ness, Pain, Etc. The Term Obsession (lat. For Siege) Is Sometimes Used As Equivalent To Possession ; ...
Possession In Law
Possession (in Law), A Term Derived From Roman Law. It Has Been Said To Be Either A Right Or A Fact Conferring A Right, Or Both Together. The Latter Is The View Of Savigny, The Leading Au Thority Upon The Subject (recht Des Besitzes). The Definition Of W. A. Hunter ...
Post And Postal Services
Post And Postal Services. The History Of Postal Services Goes Back To The Early Days Of The Great Empires Of The East, When The Permanent Maintenance Of Control Over A Wide Area Was Seen To Depend On The Organization And Maintenance Of Rapid And Frequent Communication. The Posts Of The ...
Postal Service Of The
Postal Service Of The British Empire In The Early Days Of Colonial Expansion The Postal Services Established Overseas Were In Theory And To A Large Extent In Practice Under The Direct Control Of The Postmaster General Of Great Britain. Reasons Of Practical Convenience And The De Velopment Of Autonomy In ...
Postal Services In Other
Postal Services In Other Countries France.—the Establishment Of A State Post In France Goes Back To 1464, Though Its Early History Is Very Obscure. Improve Ments Were Made From Time To Time In Organization, E.g., By Richelieu In 1627 And Mazarin In 1643 ; But The System Of Farm Ing, ...
Poste Restante
Poste Restante, A Facility, Generally Provided At Post Offices, For The Receipt And Care Of Postal Packets Addressed To Be Called For. There Are Usually Strict Regulations To Prevent Abuse Or Fraud. In The United Kingdom, It Is Stipulated That The Words "to Be Called For" Or "poste Restante" Should ...
Poster
Poster. A Poster Is A Printed, Written Or Illustrated An Nouncement Publicly Exhibited. Its Usual Function Is To Call Atten Tion To Goods Or Service; But, To Fulfil That Object Completely, It Has Not Merely To Arouse Attention ; It Must Provoke Interest And Create A Desire For Purchase. However ...
Potassium
Potassium [symbol K (from Kalium), Atomic Number 19, Atomic Weight 39.105], A Metallic Chemical Element, Belonging To The Group Termed The Metals Of The Alkalis. Although Never Found Free In Nature, In Combination The Metal Is Abundantly And Widely Distributed. In The Oceans Alone There Are Estimated To Be I,141 ...
Potato
Potato Is The Well Known Crop Plant Known Botanically As Solanum Tuberosurn And Belonging To The Family Solanaceae. Its Value As Food Is Due To The Habit Of Developing Underground A Number Of Slender Leafless Branches Which Swell At The Free Ends Into Tubers, I.e., Potatoes. Their Stem-like Nature Is ...
Potato Spirit
Potato Spirit. The Use Of The Potato Instead Of Grain As The Source Of Supply Of Alcohol For Commercial Use Has, During The Past Century, Developed Into An Important Industry, Particularly In Germany Where It Is Now A Prominent Feature In The Organiza Tion Of The Agriculture Of The Country. ...
Potomac
Potomac, A River In The East Central Part Of The United States, Having Its Source In The Allegheny Mountains And Flow Ing South-east Into Chesapeake Bay. It Is Formed By The Union Of Its North And South Branches, About 15m. S.e. Of Cumberland (md.). The Main Stream Has A Length ...
Potosi
Potosi, A Department Of Bolivia Occupying The South-western Angle Of That Republic, Bounded N. By Oruro, Cochabamba And Chuquisaca, E. By The Two Last Departments And Tarija, S. By Argentina And W. By Chile And Oruro. Pop. (1932 Estimate), 567,291 The Larger Part Indians; Area 45,031 Sq.m. The Eastern Part ...
Potosi_2
Potosi, A City Of Bolivia, Capital Of The Department Of Potosi, 47 M. S.w. Of Sucre, Or 106 M. By The Post-road. Pop. (1932, Est.), 35,900. Potosi Stands On A Barren Terrace On The Northern Slope Of The Cerro Gordo De Potosi, 13,612 Ft. Above Sea-level, And Is One Of ...
Potsdam
Potsdam, A Town, The Administrative Capital Of The Prus Sian Province Of Brandenburg, And Formerly One Of The Residences Of The German Emperor, Situated On The River Havel, 16 M. S.w. Of Berlin, On The Main Line Of Railway To Magdeburg. Pop. (1925) 64,093. It Is Also Connected With The ...
Pottery And Porcelain
Pottery And Porcelain. The Word "pottery" (fr. Poterie) In Its Widest Sense Includes All Objects Fashioned From Clay And Then Hardened By Fire ; The Word "porcelain" Should Only Be Applied To Certain Well Marked Varieties Of Pottery. Pot Tery Is Dependent On Two Important Natural Properties Of That Great ...
Poultry And Game
Poultry And Game. The Term Poultry Includes Fowls, Ducks (domestic), Turkeys, Guinea Fowl And Geese; The Word Game Is Usually Applied To Wild Duck, Partridges, Grouse, Pheasants, Quails, Deer (venison) And Other Edible Wild Birds And Beasts. Rabbits, Hare And Pigeons Are Usually Classed With Game. Poultry And Game May ...
Poultry And Poultry Farming
Poultry And Poultry Farming. The Term "poultry" (from "poult," Fr. Poulet, Dim. Of Poule, A Fowl) Is Usually Regarded As Including Not Only Fowls But Other Domesti Cated Birds Kept For The Sake Of Their Flesh Or Eggs. They May Be Classified Into The Following Main Categories I) Fowls For ...
Pound I
Pound (i) An Enclosure In Which Cattle Or Other Animals Are Retained Until Redeemed By The Owners, Or When Taken In Dis Traint Until Replevied, Such Retention Being In The Nature Of A Pledge Or Security To Compel Satisfaction For Debt Or Damage Done. Animals May Be Seized Or Impounded ...
Pound Sterling
Pound Sterling. Immediately Prior To The Outbreak Of The World War The Pound Sterling Circulated In The United Kingdom In Two Main Forms, Namely, Gold Sovereigns And Bank Of England Notes. Both Were Legal Tender For Any Amount, But The Latter Were Not Issued In Smaller Denominations Than Five Pounds. ...
Poverty Line
Poverty Line. The Words "poverty Line" Have Only Come Into Use In Comparatively Recent Years, And Probably, To The General Public, They Merely Represent A Vague Social Cleavage Be Tween People Living In Varying Degrees Of Security And Comfort And People Who Are Constantly Exposed To Actual Privation. To The ...
Power
Power. The Word "power," As Used By The Engineer, Indi Cates Energy Under Human Control And Available For Doing Mechanical Work. The Principal Sources Of Power Are The Muscular Energy Of Men And Animals; The Kinetic Energy Of The Winds And Of Streams; The Potential Energy Of Water At High ...
Power Transmission
Power Transmission. The Appliances Connected With Installations For The Utilization Of Natural Sources Of Energy May Be Classified Into Three Groups :—(i) Prime Movers, By Means Of Which The Natural Form Of Energy Is Transformed Into Mechanical Energy. To This Group Belong All Such Appliances As Water Turbines, Steam Turbines, ...
Poznan Or Posen
Poznan Or Posen, Capital Of The Province Of Poznan, In Poland, Situated In A Wide And Sandy Plain On The Warta, 18om. W. From Warsaw And R5om. E. From Berlin. Pop. (1931) 246,698; In 1921 95% Were Poles And 5% Germans. Before The World War, Half The Population Were Germans, ...
Poznan Or Posen
Poznan Or Posen, A Polish Province, Bounded North By The Province Of Pomorze, East By The Provinces Of Warsaw And Lodz, South And West By Germany. Area 9,243 Sq.m. ; Pop. (1931) 2,112,871 In 1921 83.1% Were Poles, 16.5% Germans And O.t% Jews. The Jews Were Formerly Numerous In The ...