Sallust Gaius Sallustius Crispus
Sallust [gaius Sallustius Crispus] (86-34 B.c.), Roman Historian, Belonging To A Well-known Plebeian Family, Was Born At Amiternum In The Country Of The Sabines. After An Ill Spent Youth He Entered Public Life, And Was Elected Tribune Of The People In 52. From The First He Was A Decided Partisan ...
Salmon And Salmonidae
Salmon And Salmonidae. The Salmonoids Are Soft-rayed Fishes With Abdominal Pelvic Fins, Generally With An Adipose Fin, A Pneumatic Duct To The Air-bladder With Oviducts Absent Or Incomplete, And With Ribs Attached To Small Separate Bones Wedged Into Pits In The Centra Of The Vertebrae. The Group Includes Three Northern ...
Salonika
Salonika (sah-16n-e'ka, Popularly Sal-611'1-w* Or Sal-. Oniki, The Capital Of Greek Macedonia, And One Of The Principal Seaports Of South-eastern Europe. Pop. (1928) About 245,000, Including Some 50,000 Sephardic Jews, Whose Ances Tors Fled Thither In The 16th Century To Escape Religious Perse Cution In Spain And Portugal: Their Language ...
Salonika Campaigns 1915 18
Salonika Campaigns 1915-18. Under The Head Ing Serbian Campaigns The Collapse And Subjugation Of Serbia In 1915 Is Related In This Work. The Present Article Describes The Campaigns In Salonika Which Formed The Sequel To This Allied Disaster. Although Undertaken For Political Objects—to Bring Relief To A Hard-pressed Ally And ...
Salt
Salt. In Chemistry The Term Salt Is Applied Generically To Any Compound Formed By Substituting The Hydrogen Of An Acid By A Metal Or A Group Of Elements Acting As A Metal. (see Acid.) Com Mon Salt, Or, Simply, Salt, Is The Name Given To The Varied Natural And Industrial ...
Salt Lake City
Salt Lake City, The Capital City Of Utah, U.s.a., And The County Seat Of Salt Lake County, On The Jordan River, 11 M. E. Of Great Salt Lake, At The Foot Of The Wasatch Mountains, About Equally Distant From Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco And Spokane. It Is On Federal ...
Salta
Salta, A North-western Province Of Argentina. Area, 48,872 Sq.m.; Pop. (1914) 1934 (estimate) 189,373. The West Ern Part Of The Province Is Mountainous, Being Traversed From North To South By The Eastern Chains Of The Andes. Indenting These, However, Are Large Valleys Or Basins, Of Highly Fertile And Com Paratively ...
Saltpetre
Saltpetre, The Commercial Name Given To Three Naturally Occurring Nitrates, Distinguished As (i) Ordinary Saltpetre, Nitre Or Potassium Nitrate, (2) Chile Saltpetre, Cubic Nitre Or Sodium Nitrate (3) Wall Saltpetre Or Calcium Nitrate. These Nitrates Generally Occur As Efflorescences Caused By The Oxidation Of Nitroge Nous Matter In The Presence ...
Salutations Or Greetings
Salutations Or Greetings, The Customary Forms Of Kindly Or Respectful Address, Especially On Meeting Or Parting Or On Occasions Of Ceremonious Approach. Etymologically Salutation (lat. Salutatio, "wishing Health") Refers Only To Words Spoken. Strokings, Pattings And Other Caresses Have Been Turned To Use As Salutations. ...
Salvador Or El Salvador
Salvador Or El Salvador (sometimes Incorrectly Called San Salvador From Its Capital City), The Smallest And Most Densely Populated Republic Of Central America And Probably The Most Intensively Cultivated Country In Latin America. It Is Bounded On The North And East By Honduras, On The South By The Pacific Ocean ...
Salvage
Salvage, Includes A Service Rendered Voluntarily By A Person By Saving Life Or Property From Peril, And Also The Reward For Such Service And In Certain Cases The Thing Saved, As From Fire On Land. Usually The Word Is Employed In Reference To Salvage At Sea, Which Has Two Divisions: ...
Salvage Corps
Salvage Corps. The London Salvage Corps Is Main Tained By The Fire Offices Of London. The Corps Was First Formed In 1865 And Began Operations In March 1866. The Staff Of The Corps When First Formed Consisted Of 64. Since That Time, Owing To The Many Improvements That Have Taken ...
Salvaging
Salvaging. Salvage Work, Or The Raising And Recovery Of Sunken Ships And Cargoes, Has Always Had A Fascination ; First, For The Reason That Very Little Is Known Of The Subject By The Outside Public ; And Secondly, Because The Spirit Of Adventure Appeals To Us Still, Although Possibly In ...
Salvarsan Or 606
Salvarsan Or "606," Is The Trade Name Of Dihydrochlo Ride Of Dioxy-diamino-arsenobenzene, A Powerful Remedy For Syph Ilis, Invented By Ehrlich And Introduced To The Public In 191o. It Is A Yellow Powder Which Is Prepared For Injection Into A Vein By A Rather Complicated' Process. A Little Later Ehrlich ...
Salvator 1615 1673 Rosa
Rosa, Salvator (1615-1673), Italian Painter Of The Neapolitan School, Was Born In Arenella, In The Outskirts Of 'naples, On July 21, 1615, According To Passeri. His Father, Vito Antonio De Rosa, An Architect, Sent Him To Study In The Convent Of The Somaschi Fathers. Salvator Went To His Uncle Paolo ...
Salvian
Salvian, A Christian Writer Of The 5th Century, Was Born Probably At Cologne (de Gub. Dei, Vi. 8, 13), Some Time Between 400 And 405. He Was Educated At The School Of Treves And Seems To Have Been Brought Up As A Christian. His Writings Show Legal Knowledge. He Married ...
Salween
Salween, A River Of Tibet, China (yunnan) And Burma. This River, Called Nam Kong By The Shans, Thanlwin By The Burmese, Lu Kiang, Or Nu Kiang, Or Lu Tzu Kiang By The Chinese, Is The Longest River In Burma, And One Of The Wildest And Most Picturesque Streams In The ...
Salzburg
Salzburg, Formerly A Province Of Austria, And Now A Gau Of Greater Germany, Covers An Area Of 2,762 Square Miles. It Includes From South To North Parts Of The Following Ethological Belts Of The Alps, The Crystalline, The Slate And Schist, The Lime Stone High Alps, And The Flysc/i Zones. ...
Salzburg_2
Salzburg, The Capital Of The German Province Of Salz Burg And Formerly Of The Archbishopric Of The Same Name, Lies On Both Banks Of The Salzach Where This River Leaves Its Narrow Valley Through The Limestone Alps And Enters The Alpine Fore Land. The Situation Is Important Economically And Strategically, ...
Samanids
Samanids, The First Great Native Dynasty Which Sprang Up In The 9th Century In E. Persia, And, Though Nominally Provincial Governors Under The Suzerainty Of The Caliphs Of Baghdad, Suc Ceeded In A Very Short Time In Establishing An Almost Independent Rule Over Transoxiana And The Greater Part Of Persia. ...
Samara
Samara, A Province Of Russia, Lying East Of The Volga River, Except For The Territory Enclosed In The Great Volga Loop, And South Of The Tatar A.s.s.r. Its Southern Boundary Lies Between The Great Irgiz And The Railway From Saratov To Uralsk, And Runs Parallel To The Latter Till It ...
Samaria
Samaria, An Ancient City Of Palestine In The Tribe Of Ephraim, 6 M. N. Of Shechem (nablus). The Site, An Isolated Steep Hill In The Very Centre Of Palestine, Is One Of Great Natural Strength. Sebastiyeh, A Mean Village Of 600 Inhabitants, Occupies Part Of The Area Of The Royal ...
Samaritans
Samaritans, Primarily Meaning "inhabitants Of Samaritis, Or The Region Of Samaria," Is Specially Used, In The New Testa Ment And By Josephus, As The Name Of A Peculiar Religious Com Munity Which Had Its Headquarters In The Samaritan Country, And Is Still Represented By A Few Families At Nablus, The ...
Samarkand
Samarkand, A City Of Asiatic Russia, In 39° 39' N., 66° 56' E., Situated In The Uzbek S.s.r. Pop. (1933) 154,600. The City Is The Ancient Maracanda, The Capital Of Sogdiana, Then The Residence Of The Muslim Samanid Dynasty, And Subsequently The Capital Of The Mongol Prince Tamerlane. It Was ...
Samnites
Samnites, The Name Given By The Romans To The Warlike Tribes Inhabiting The Mountainous Centre Of The Southern Half Of Italy. The Word Samnites Was Not The Name, So Far As We Know, Used By The Samnites Themselves, Which Would Seem Rather To Have Been (the Oscan Form Of) The ...
Samoa
Samoa, An Archipelago In The South Pacific. Tutuila Is The Chief Island Of The American Group. The Archipelago Consists Of 14 Islands Forming A Slightly Curved Chain From West By North To East By South, Between 13° 26' And 22' S. And 169° 29' And 48' W., As Follows: Savaii, ...
Samos
Samos, An Island In The Aegean Sea, Separated From The Mainland Of Asia Minor By A Strait Of Only About A Mile In Width ; About 27m. In Length, By 14 In Greatest Breadth; Occupied By Mountains, Of Which The Highest, Mt. Kerkis, Near Its Western End, Is 4,725ft. High. ...
Samoyedes
Samoyedes, A Neo-siberian Tribe, Spread In Small Groups From The Altai Mountains Down The Basins Of The Ob And Yenisei, And Along The Shores Of The Arctic Ocean From The Mouth Of The Latter River To The White Sea, Subdivided Into Three Main Groups : (a) The Yuraks In The ...
Samson
Samson, Whose Deeds Are Recorded In Judges Xiv.–xvi., Was A Hero Of Early Hebrew F Olk-tales. He Belonged To The Tribe Of Dan, And Was Renowned For His Exploits Against The Philistines. The Narratives Are Marked By A Grim And Boisterous Humour, And Are So Little Concerned With Religion That ...
Samuel
Samuel, A Prophet Who Played An Important Part In The Establishment Of The Hebrew Kingdom Under Saul, And Became Naturally The Hero Of Numerous Legends, Some Of Which Are Found Interspersed Among Narratives Of Greater Historical Value In The Early Part Of I Samuel. This Mixture Of Legend With History ...
Samuel 1689 1760 Richardson
Richardson, Samuel (1689-1760, English Novelist, Was The Son Of A London Joiner, Who, For Obscure Reasons, Prob Ably Connected With Monmouth's Rebellion, Had Retired To Derby Shire, Where, In 1689, Samuel Was Born. He Was Apprenticed At Seventeen To An Aldersgate Printer Named John Wilde. Here He Became Successively Compositor, ...
Samuel 1763 1855 Rogers
Rogers, Samuel (1763-1855), English Poet, Was Born At Newington Green, London, On July 3o, 1763. His Father, Thomas Rogers, Was The Son Of A Stourbridge Glass Manufacturer, Who Was Also A Merchant In Cheapside. Thomas Rogers Had A Place In The London Business, And Married Mary Radford, Daughter Of His ...
Samuel Rutherfurd Or Rutherford
Rutherfurd Or Rutherford, Samuel (c. 1600-1661), Scottish Divine, Was Born At Nisbet, Roxburghshire, And Studied At Edinburgh, Where He Became Professor Of The Humanities In 1623. He Was Dismissed In 1626 For An Alleged In Discretion Before His Marriage, But In 1627 Became Minister Of Anwoth, Kircudbrightshire. He Was Prosecuted ...
San Antonio
San Antonio, Third Largest City (1930) Of Texas, U.s.a., And County Seat Of Bexar County; 8o M. S.s.w. Of Austin, On The San Antonio River At The Mouth Of The San Pedro. It Is On Federal Highways 81, 90, 181, And 290; Has A Municipal Airport And Is An Airmail ...
San Bernardino
San Bernardino, A City Of Southern California, U.s.a., 6o M. E. Of Los Angeles, At The Entrance To The Cajon Pass From The North And The San Gorgonio Pass From The East, 1,050 Ft. Above Sea-level; The County Seat Of San Bernardino County. It Is On Federal Highways 66 And ...
San Diego
San Diego, A City Of California, U.s.a., On The Pacific Ocean, 132 M. S.e. Of Los Angeles And Io M. From The Mexican Border; A Port Of Entry, The County Seat Of San Diego County, And The Site Of Extensive Activities Of The United States Army And Navy. It Is ...
San Francisco
San Francisco, Premier Port And Financial Centre Of The Pacific Coast, Is Centrally Located On The Coast Of California In 37° 47' 22.55" N. Lat. And 122° 25' 40.76" W. Long. It Is Sit Uated On A Peninsula Bounded On The West By The Pacific Ocean, North And East By ...
San Jose
San Jose (sari' Ho-za.'), A City Of California, U.s.a., 5o M. S.e. Of San Francisco And 8 M. S.e. Of The Southern End Of San Francisco Bay; The County Seat Of Santa Clara County. It Is Served By The Southern Pacific, The Western Pacific And Electric Railways, And By Numerous ...
San Juan
San Juan, An Andean Province Of Argentina, Bounded North And East By La Rioja, South By San Luis And Mendoza, And West By Chile, From Which It Is Separated By The Andean Cordilleras. Area, Sq•m• ; Pop. (1934, Estimate) 189483. It Is Roughly Mountainous, And Belongs To The Closed Drainage ...
San Juan_2
San Juan, The Capital Of Porto Rico And Its Oldest, Largest And Most Important City. Its Population According To The Census Of 192o Was 70,707; And Was In 1930, 114,715. The Present And Permanent Location Of The City Is On An Island Near The North Coast Of Porto Rico. In ...
San Leandro
San Leandro, A City Of Alameda County, California, U.s.a., Adjoining Oakland On The South. It Is Served By The Southern Pacific And The Western Pacific Railways. Pop. (192o) Was 5,703 (32% Foreign-born White) And Was 11,455 In 193o By The Federal Census. Its Manufactures Include Caterpillar Tractors, Ladders, Hay Presses, ...
San Luis Potosi
San Luis Potosi, A Central State Of Mexico, Bounded North By Coahuila, East By Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas And Vera Cruz, South By Hidalgo, Queretaro And Guanajuato, And West By Zacatecas. Area, 24,412 Sq. Miles. Pop. 579,831 In 1930. The State Belongs Wholly To The High Plateau Region, With The Exception ...
San Marino
San Marino, A Republic In Northern Italy, 14m. S.w. Of Rimini By Road. It Is The Smallest Republic In The World (32 Sq.m. In Area). According To Tradition, The Republic Was Founded By Marinus, A Native Of Arbe, Probably After The Middle Of The 4th Century. The Castellum Sancti Marini ...
San Salvador
San Salvador, The Capital Of The Republic Of Salvador; Situated In The Valley Of Las Hamacas, On The River Asalguate, At An Altitude Of 2,115 Ft., And 3o M. Inland From The Pacific. Pop. (1930) 89,281. San Salvador Is Connected By Rail With La Union On The West And With ...
Sana Senaa
Sana (sena'a), A Town Of Yemen, South-western Arabia, Situated In 55° 22' N. And 44° 1o' E. It Is Placed In A Broad Depression, Running Locally Nearly North And South, On The Lofty Uptilted Western Edge Of The Great Arabian Land-block. It Is 7,25o Ft. Above Sea-level, And Is Connected ...
Sanai
Sana'i, The Common Name Of Abulmajd Majdud B. Adam, The Earliest Among The Great Sufic Poets Of Persia, Was A Native Of Ghazni (in Afghanistan). He Flourished In The Reigns Of The Ghaznevid Sultans Ibrahim (1059-1099, Ail), His Son Masud (1099-1114) And His Grandson Bahram (1118-1152). He Composed Chiefly Qa,sidas ...
Sanctions And Guarantees
Sanctions And Guarantees In International Law Correspond To The Means Adopted In National Law To Enforce Legal Decisions. During The Years Which Followed The World War It Became Increasingly Apparent That The Most Important And The Most Enduring Of European Political Problems Was That Known As The Problem Of "security" ...
Sanctuary
Sanctuary, A Sacred Or Consecrated Place, Particularly One Affording Refuge, Protection Or Right Of Asylum. The Word Is Also Applied To The Privilege Itself, The Right Of Safe Refuge, And Even To Places Of Refuge For Animals, Such As A "bird Sanctuary." In Egyptian, Greek Or Roman Temples It Was ...
Sand
Sand. If Rocks And Minerals Are Broken Down By Either Natural Or Artificial Agencies, The Products May Be Classified As Gravels, Sands, Silts And Clays. The Term Sand Is Usually Applied To The Material Of Diameter Ranging From About To 2 Mm. Although Most Of The Rock-making Minerals Occurring On ...
Sandawe
Sandawe, Less Correctly Sandawi, A Small Tribe Of About 15,000 Persons Living In The Kondoa-irangi District Of Tangan Yika Territory, Africa, Between The Rivers Bubu And Mponde. Attention Was Drawn To Their Language By The Late Dr. Oskar Bau Mann, Who Visited Their Country In 1892, And Was Able To ...
Sandfly Fever
Sandfly Fever. "sandfly" Or "phlebotomous Fever" Is An Acute Specific Fever, Common In Tropical And Sub-tropical Countries. It Is Caused By A Virus, Possibly A Leptospira, Conveyed To Man By The Bite Of A Small Midge Of The Dipterous Family, Psychodidae. The Incubation Period Is About Five Days. Symptoms And ...
Sandhurst
Sandhurst, A Town In The Wokingham Parliamentary Di Vision Of Berkshire, England, 9m. N. Of Aldershot. Pop. 3,799 Two Miles South-east Of The Town, Near The Villages Of Camberley Town And York Town, And The Railway Stations Of Blackwater And Camberley On The Southern Railway, Is The Sand Hurst Royal ...
Sandpiper
Sandpiper, The Name Given To All Of The Smaller Limicoline Birds Which Are Not Plovers (q.v.), Snipe (q.v.), Or Phalaropes (q.v.). The Greenshank (q.v.) And The Redshank (q.v.) Are Also Related To The Common Sandpiper Or Summer-snipe (tringa Hypoleucus). This Little Bird Is A Summer Visitor To Northern Europe And ...
Sandstone
Sandstone Is A Consolidated Rock Built Up Dominantly Of Grains Of Sand (q.v.) Held Together By A Cementing Substance. Sandstones Are Composed Mainly Of Quartz, But May Vary In Com Position In The Same Manner As Sands. By Increase In The Size Of Their Constituents They Pass Into Conglomerates (q.v.) ...
Sandwich
Sandwich, A Market Town, Municipal Borough, And One Of The Cinque Ports In The Isle Of Thanet Parliamentary Division Of Kent, England, 12 M. East Of Canterbury, On The S.e. Section Of The S. R. Pop. (1931) 3,287. It Is Situated 2 M. From The Sea, On The River Stour, ...
Sangi Or Sangir Islands
Sangi Or Sangir Islands, A Group Of Islands Off The North-east Coast Of Celebes, Dutch East Indies. They Continue The North-eastern Extension Of Celebes Towards Mindanao, In The Philippines, And Are Set Upon A Long, Narrow Ridge, Along A Volcanic Band, With Very Deep Water On Either Side. Although Fringed ...
Sanitation Of Buildings
Sanitation Of Buildings. To Preserve The Health Of The Occupiers Of Any Building, It Is Imperative That All Polluted Water And Solid Organic Refuse Should Be Removed From The Premises At Frequent Intervals. Where The Buildings Are In A Town It Is Usual For The Local Authority To Remove The ...
Sanskrit Language And Literature
Sanskrit Language And Literature. The Most Important Branch Of The Indo-european Family Of Languages (q.v.) In Asia Is Aryan Or Indo-iranian, With Two Main Divisions: Iranian And Indo-aryan. Languages Belonging To The Latter Are Spoken To-day By 25o Million People In India, Where They Are The Dominant Languages Except In ...
Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, A City Of South-western California, U.s.a., On The Pacific Ocean, 90 M. Above Los Angeles; The County Seat Of Santa Barbara County. It Has Airport Facilities, And Is Served By The Southern Pacific Railway And Motor-coach Lines. Pop. (1920) 19,441 (77% Native White) ; 193o Federal Census 33,613. ...
Santa Catharina
Santa Catharina, A Southern Maritime State Of Brazil, Bounded North By Parana, East By The Atlantic, South By Rio Grande Do Sul, And West By Rio Grande Do Sul And The Misiones Territory Of Argentina. Pop. (1933 Est.) 1,101,587; Area 36,669 Sq.m. The Serra Do Mar Rises Not Far From ...
Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, An Eastern Department Of Bolivia, Bounded North By El Beni, East By Brazil, South By Chuquisaca And West By Chuquisaca And Cochabamba. Area 146,045 Sq.m. Pop. (1932 Est.) 365,154. It Is Only Partly Explored. It Consists Of A Great Plain Extending Eastward From The Base Of The Andes ...
Santa Cruz_2
Santa Cruz, A Municipality (with Administration Centre And 17 Barrios Or Districts), Capital Of The Province Of La Laguna, Luzon, Philippine Islands, On The South-east Shore Of Laguna De Bay, About 35 M. South-east Of Manila, With Which It Has Railway Connection. Pop. (1918), 14,156. It Is An Important Commercial ...