John Skelton
Skelton, John (c. 1460-1529), English Poet, Is Variously Asserted To Have Belonged To A Cumberland Family And To Have Been A Native Of Diss In Norfolk. He Is Said To Have Been Edu Cated At Oxford. He Certainly Studied At Cambridge, And He Is Probably The "one Scheklton" Mentioned By ...
John Somers Somers
Somers, John Somers (or Sommers), Baron (1651 1716), English Lord Chancellor, Was Born On March 4, 1651, Near Worcester, The Eldest Son Of John Somers, An Attorney, And Of Catherine Ceaverne Of Shropshire. Educated At Worcester And At Trinity College, Oxford, He Studied Law Under Sir Francis Winnington, And Soon ...
John Talbot Shrewsbury
Shrewsbury, John Talbot, 1st Earl Of (d. 1453), Was Second Son Of Richard, 5th Baron Talbot, By Ankaret, Heiress Of The Last Lord Strange Of Blackmere. He Was Married Before 1404 To Maud Neville, Heiress Of The Barons Furnivall, And In Her Right Summoned To Parliament From 1409. In 1421 ...
Joseph Viktor Von Scheffel
Scheffel, Joseph Viktor Von German Poet And Novelist, Was Born At Karlsruhe On Feb. 16, 1826. He Studied At Munich, Heidelberg And Berlin, Entered The State Judicial Service, And For Four Years (1848-52) Held An Official Position At Sackingen. Here He Wrote His Poem Der Trompeter Von Siickingen (1853), A ...
Kant
Kant The System Of Kant, Or Rather That Part Of His System Ex Pounded In The Critique Of Pure Reason (1781), Though Expressly Distinguished By Its Author From Scepticism, Has Been Included By Many Writers In Their Survey Of Sceptical Theories. The Difference Between Kant, With His System Of Pure ...
Karl Philipp Schwarzenberg
Schwarzenberg, Karl Philipp, Prince Rince Zu Austrian Field Marshal, Was Born On April 15, 1771, At Vienna. He Entered The Imperial Cavalry In 1788, Fought In 1789 Under Lacy And Loudon Against The Turks, Distinguished Himself By His Bravery, And Became Major In 1792. At Cateau Cambresis In 1794 His ...
Karl Wilhelm Scheele
Scheele, Karl Wilhelm Swedish Chemist, Was Born At Stralsund, The Capital Of Pomerania, Which Then Belonged To Sweden, On Dec. 19, 1742. He Studied The Ele Ments Of Chemistry During His Apprenticeship To An Apothecary In Gothenburg, With Whom He Stayed For Eight Years. In I77o He Set Tled At ...
Kaspar Schwenkfeld
Schwenkfeld, Kaspar Of Ossing, Ger Man Theologian, Entered The Service Of The Duke Of Liegnitz, Over Whom He Had Great Influence. In 1522 He Visited Wittenberg, Where He Made The Acquaintance Of Andreas Carlstadt And Thomas Mi.inzer. On His Return To Liegnitz He Helped To Spread The Prin Ciples Of ...
Kings
King's). It Was Kept By A Clerk Of The Chamber And Naturally Dis Appeared When The Estate Was Given Up. Yet Another Secret Seal Made An Appearance In I Q67. But It Was Little Used (19oo) ; C. V. Langlois, St. Louis-philippe Le Bel, Les Derniers Capetains Directs 1226-1328 (19o1) ...
Lambert Simnel
Simnel, Lambert (fl. 1477-1534), English Impostor, Was Probably The Son Of A Tradesman At Oxford. He Was About Ten Years Old In 1487, And Was Described As A Handsome Youth Of Intelligence And Good Manners. In 1486, The Year Following The Accession Of Henry Vii., Rumours Were Spread By The ...
Liam
Liam, And Shelley, Percy Bysshe. When She Was In Switzerland With Shelley And Byron In 1816 A Proposal Was Made That Various Members Of The Party Should Write A Romance Or Tale Dealing With The Supernatural. The Result Of This Project Was That Mrs. Shelley Wrote Frankenstein, Byron The Beginning ...
Light Machine Guns
Light Machine Guns A Light Machine Gun Is A Truly Automatic (self-firing) Fire-arm Which Is Portable But Which Is Too Heavy To Be Adapted For Use As A Close-combat Weapon. The Increased Weight (17-28 Lb.) Makes The Recoil Energy Less Than That Of The Rifle, And As A Rest Is ...
Ltd Shell Transport Trading
"shell" Transport & Trading Co., Ltd, An Oil Company Founded By The Late Viscount Bearsted And His Brother Samuel Samuel, M.p. The Origin Of The Title "shell" Is To Be Found In The Fact That These Two Men, As Eastern Merchants, Gave Special Attention To The Collection Of Marine Shells, ...
Luca Signorelli
Signorelli, Luca (c. 1450-1523), Italian Painter, Of The Umbro Tuscan School, Was Born In Cortona—his Full Name Being Luca D'egidio Di Ventura. Luca Was Apprenticed To Piero Della Francesca At Arezzo Where He Lived In The House Of His Uncle Lazzaro Vasari. His First Recorded Work Was The Decoration Of ...
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus (c. 4 B.c.—a.d. 65), Second Son Of Seneca The Elder, Statesman And Philosopher, Was Born At Corduba. He Studied At Rome Under The Stoic Attalus (senec. Ep. "when I Listened To Attalus Declaiming Against The Vices, The Errors, The Evils Of Life, I Often Pitied Humanity And ...
Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
Saturninus, Lucius Appuleius, Roman Poli Tician. Quaestor In 104 B.c., He Superintended The Importation Of Corn At Ostia, But Was Removed By The Senate, Apparently Without Any Charge Against Him Being Made, And So Went Over To The Popu Lar Party. Tribune In 103, He Made An Arrangement With Marius ...
Lucius Septimius Ad 146 211
Severus, Lucius Septimius (a.d. 146-211), Roman Emperor, Was Born Of An Equestrian Family, On April I 1, 146, At Leptis Magna On The Coast Of Africa. He Had To Learn Latin As A Foreign Language, And Kept An African Pronunciation All His Life. Some Time Between 164 And 170 He ...
Ludovico The Moor
Ludovico The Moor [ludovico It Moro] (1451-1508), Who Is Famed As Patron Of Leonardo Da Vinci And Other Artists, Had Summoned Charles Viii. Of France To His Aid (1494) And Received The Ducal Crown From The Milanese Nobles On Oct. 22, In The Same Year, But Finding His Own Position ...
Madeleine De Scudery
Scudery, Madeleine De French Novelist, Sister Of Georges De Scudery (q.v.), Established Herself In Paris With Her Brother. She Was At Once Admitted To The Ram Bouillet Coterie, Afterwards Established A Salon Of Her Own Under The Title Of The Societe Du Samedi, And For The Last Half Of The ...
Marcus Aemilius Scaurus
Scaurus, Marcus Aemilius, Was The Son Of Mar Cus Aemilius Scaurus (c. 163-88 B.c.), Who Was Curule Aedile, Praetor And Consul In 115, Censor In 109, And In Charge (in) Of The Corn Supply At Ostia. The Father Belonged To The Moderate Aristocratical Party, And Was Frequently In Difficulties With ...
Marie De Rabutin Chantal Sevigne
Sevigne, Marie De Rabutin-chantal, Mar Quise De (1626-1696), French Letter-writer, Was Born At Paris On Feb. 5, 1626. The Family Of Rabutin (if Not So Illustrious As Bussy, Madame De Sevigne's Notorious Cousin, Affected To Consider It) Was One Of Great Age And Distinction In Burgundy. Marie's Father, Celse Benigne ...
Marine Signalling
Marine Signalling The Main Difference To Be Noted Between Signalling At Sea And On Land Is That In The Former Case No Physical Connection, Whether By Wire Or Messenger, Is Possible. One Is Therefore Restricted To Visual, Sound Or Wireless Methods. Visual Methods, Which Are Normally Not Effective Beyond Horizon ...
Mathematics
Mathematics It Is Beyond Doubt That In The Present Century A Revolution In The Teaching Of School Mathematics Has Taken Place. In Part It Con Sists In Breaking Away From The Teaching Of Geometry By Means Of Euclid's Elements And In Part That Break Is Typical Of The Change That ...
Maurice Saxe
Saxe, Maurice, Comte De (1696-175o), Marshal Of France, Was The Natural Son Of Augustus Ii. Of Saxony And The Countess Aurora Konigsmark. In 1698 The Countess Sent Him To Warsaw To His Father, Who Had Been Elected King Of Poland In The Previous Year, But On Account Of The Unsettled ...
Maurus Servius Honoratus
Servius Honoratus, Maurus (or Marms), Roman Grammarian And Commentator On Virgil, Flourished At The End Of The 4th Century A.d. He Is One Of The Interlocutors In The Saturnalia Of Macrobius, And Allusions In That Work And A Letter From Symmachus To Servius Show That He Was A Pagan. He ...
Mediaeval Ships
Mediaeval Ships The Mediaeval Galley Was A One, Two Or Three Banked Vessel, But Used Longer Oars Or Sweeps Than The Paddling Oars Of The Ancient Vessels. It Was The Increase In The Length And Weight Of The Oar, Which Led To The Employment Of More Than One Man To ...
Metalliferous Mining
Mining, Metalliferous), Shaft Lining.—for Rectangular Vertical Shafts Under Normal Conditions The Excavation Through Surface Soil Is Commonly Lined With Cribbing, Inside Of Which A Concrete Curb Is Sometimes Built To Dam Out Surface Water. After Reaching Rock The Lining Is Gen Erally Of Horizontal Sets Of 8 By 8 In. ...
Michael Scot
Scot, Michael (? 1175—c. 1232), Scottish Translator, Mathematician And Astrologer. He Studied At Oxford And Paris, And After Being Ordained, Held Various Benefices In Italy, But Re Fused The Appointment Of Archbishop Of Cashel In Ireland. Having Acquired A Knowledge Of Arabic At Toledo, He Became One Of The Scholars ...
Michel Jean Sedaine
Sedaine, Michel Jean French Dra Matist, Was Born At Paris On July 4, 1719. His Father, Who Was An Architect, Died When Sedaine Was Quite Young, Leaving No Fortune, And The Boy Began Life As A Mason's Labourer. He Was Later Taken As Pupil By An Architect Whose Kindness He ...
Miguel Serveto 15
[miguel Serveto] ( 1 5 1 I–i 553 ) , Spanish Physician And Polemic, Was Born In 1511 At Tudela In Navarre, His Father Being Her Nando Villanueva, A Notary Of Good Family In Aragon. His Sur Name Is Given By Himself As "ser Veto" In His Early Works, "per ...
Mikhail Dimitrievich Skobelev
Skobelev, Mikhail Dimitrievich Russian General, Was Born Near Moscow On Sept. 29, 1843. Af Ter Graduating As A Staff Officer At St. Petersburg He Was Sent To Turkestan In 1868 And, With The Exception Of An Interval Of Two Years, During Which He Was On The Staff Of The Grand ...
Mining And Pro Duction
Silver: Metallurgy, Mining And Pro Duction. Silver Was Discovered Later Than Gold And Copper, But Has Been Known To Man From Prehistoric Times. Silver Orna Ments And Decorations Have Been Found In The Royal Tombs Of Chaldaea, Built In The Fourth Millenium B.c. It Was In Use As Money Probably ...
Ministry Of Shipping
Shipping, Ministry Of, One Of The Temporary British Departments Of State Brought Into Existence When Lloyd George Became Prime Minister In Dec. 1916. Shipping Had Long Been Rec Ognized Within A Limited Circle As A Vital Factor In The Prosecution Of The World War, But It Was Only About This ...
Modern British Breeds Of
Modern British Breeds Of Sheep The Sheep Native To The British Isles Are Commonly Grouped Into Longwool, Shortwool And Mountain Breeds. Longwools Receive Their Name Because Of Their Long Lustre Wool; They Are White-faced (except The Wensleydale) And Hornless; Their Mutton Tends To Become Rather Fat, But This Quality Makes ...
Modern Machine Guns
Modern Machine Guns The Machine Gun Is An Automatic Small-arm Weapon, Usually Provided With A Fixed Mounting And Capable Of Sustained Accurate Fire. A Heavy Machine Gun Does Not Differ Materially From An Ordinary Machine Gun In Design, But As Its Calibre May Be From 0.5 To 0.9 In., It ...
Modern Slave Trade
Modern Slave Trade Not Very Long After The Disappearance Of Serfdom In The Most Advanced Communities Comes Into Sight The New System Of Colo Nial Slavery, Whicli, Instead Of Being The Spontaneous Outgrowth Of Social Necessities And Subserving A Temporary Need Of Human Development, Was Politically As Well As Morally ...
Monumental Sculpture
Monumental Sculpture By Monumental Sculpture Is Meant That Sculpture Which Is Intended To Perpetuate The Memory Of A Person Or An Event. In Cluded In This Definition Are All Types Of Memorials In Which Sculpture Is The Important Part, Even Though Architecture Or Mosaic Or Some Other Art May Play ...
Moritz Von 1804 1871 Schwind
Schwind, Moritz Von (1804-1871), German Painter, Was Born In Vienna In 1804. His Early Art Training Was Rudimen Tary And At 17 He Entered The Circle Of Artists Who Gathered Around Schubert In The Capital And Became A Devoted Friend And Admirer Of The Composer, Dividing His Enthusiasm Between Music, ...
Mother Shipton
Shipton, Mother, A Reputed Witch And Prophetess Who Is Supposed To Have Lived In Early Tudor Times. There Is No Really Trustworthy Evidence Of Her Existence, But Tradition Has It That Her Maiden-name Was Ursula Southill, Sowthiel Or Southiel, And Her Parents Were Peasants, Living Near The Dropping Well, Knares ...
Music
Music The Teaching Of Music At The Beginning Of The Present Cen Tury Was Practically Confined To Class Singing, But With The In Creasing Recognition Of The Subject As An Educational Force, A De Mand For More Scientific Methods Arose. All The Newer Ones Worthy Of Serious Consideration Tend In ...
Nance
Nance : Naval), The Steering Gear, The Watertight Hatches And Doors, The Arrangements For Pumping, Flooding, Draining And Fresh And Salt Water Supply, The Anchor And Cable Arrangements, The Ventilation And Many Others. It Is Impossible In The Space Available To Give Even A Brief Description Of These Fittings Or ...
Nassau William Senior
Senior, Nassau William English Economist, Was Born At Compton, Berks, On Sept. 26, 179o, The Eldest Son Of The Rev. J. R. Senior, Vicar Of Durnford, Wilts. He Was Educated At Eton And Magdalen College, Oxford; Took The Degree Of B.a. In 1811, Was Called To The Bar In 1819, ...
Natural Selection Mathematical Theory
Natural Selection (mathematical Theory) Pearson Developed A Theory Of The Effects Of Natural Selection On Continuously Varying Characters Which Was Based On The Law Of Ancestral Heredity, Enunciated By Galton And Modified By Himself. He Produced Very Strong Evidence That Natural Selection Is Oc Curring In Men. The Theory Is ...
Netting And Trawling Seining
Seining, Netting And Trawling. From Re Mote Antiquity Fish Have Been Taken By Spear, Line, Trap And Net. At The Present Day Nets Are By Far The Most Important Fishing Implements Employed, Although Certain Deep Water Fish (for Instance Halibut) Are Still Taken Mainly By Long Lines. Fishing Nets, Although ...
Nineteenth Century Sailing Ships
Nineteenth Century Sailing Ships The Two Changes In The Design Of The Sailing Ship At The Be Ginning Of This Period Which Had Most Influence On Trade And Naval Architecture Were The Suppression Of The Armed Merchant Man And The Encouragement Of Speed. There Was Every Prospect Of A Long ...
Nineteenth Century Song Achievement
Nineteenth-century Song Achievement Brahms.—the Unerring Sagacity Of Brahms Discerned That The Possibilities Of Song On The Lines Set By Schubert Were Far From Being Exhausted : His Practical Mind Preferred To Develop Those Possibilities Rather Than To Seek After Strange And Novel Methods, Conforming Thus, In Song, To His Practice ...
Not Racial Good Portraiture
Good Portraiture Universal, Not Racial Granting The Fundamental Principle Upon Which The Human Head Is Built It Follows Naturally That Good Portraiture Is Universal And Not Racial. Because A Portrait Is Primitive African Or Egyptian Or Chinese Does Not Mean That It Is Any Better As A Portrait Than A ...
Odes Of Solomon
Solomon, Odes Of, A Collection Of 42 Hymns Known To The Early Christian Church. In The 6th Century They Appear In A List Which Includes Most Of The Books In The Old Testament Apo Crypha, And Again In The 9th Century They Are Placed In The Stichometry Of Nicephorus Between ...
Operations Against The Senussi
Senussi, Operations Against The. Military Activity Of The Senussi From 190o To 1910 Had Been Directed Against The French In The Regions Between Lake Chad And The Nile Basin. There Was Evidence Of An Increase Of Adherents To The Sect In Egypt And Arabia ; In North-west Africa And The ...
Organic Selenium Compounds
Organic Selenium Compounds Derivatives Of Bivalent Selenium.—ethylselenomercaptan, A Liquid Of Repulsive Odour (b.p. 57° C), Is Obtained By Distilling An Alkali Hydroselenide With An Alkali Ethylsulphate. Diethyl Selenide (b.p. 108° C) And Diethyl Diselenide (b.p. 186° C) Are Prepared From Potassium Ethyl Sulphate And Potassium Mono- And Di-selenide Respectively. These ...
Origin And Growth Of
Origin And Growth Of Signalling Birth Of Signalling.—before Coming To Any Account Of Signal Ling In Modern Armies, We Must Go Back A Little To The Invention Of The Electric Telegraph. The First Application Of This Invention To War Was Made By The British Army In The Crimea In 1854, ...
Paddle Wheel Steamers
Paddle Wheel Steamers In 1786, James Rumsey Drove A Boat On The Potomac Four Miles An Hour By Means Of A Power Pump. About The Same Time John Fitch Produced His Oar-driven Steamboats. A More Prac Ticable Device Was To Be The Paddle Wheel. The "charlotte Dun Das," Constructed By ...
Or Sin Kiang
Sin Kiang, Or The "new Territory," Is A Great Region West-north-west Of China. Area (approx.), 550,340 Sq. Miles. Pop. (approx.), 2,688,000. It Is Bounded On The North-east By The Foothills Of The Altai Mountains, On The East By Outer Mongolia, Kansu And Kuku Nor, On The South By Tibet, On ...