canals of New Jersey were once its principal commercial channels. The Morris and Essex canal, 101 m. long, from Jersey City to the Delaware river at Phillipsburg, was built before the Erie canal of New York, and has always transported vast quantities of coal from Pennsylvania to New York. By its corporation charter it was invested with banking powers, or, rather, its co•porators assumed such powers from the indefinite range of the powers granted. It cost originally £2,825,997. The Delaware and Raritan canal, from New Brunswick to Bo•dentown, 43 in. long, with a feeder to Trenton 22 m., was built in the beginning of the present century, at a cost of $3,935,287. It is under lease to the united railroad and canal companies of New Jersey.
children of school age (5 to 18 years) enumerated in 1875 were 298, 000; the enrolled children of the public schools, 186,392; average attendance, 96,224; num ber attending private schools, 36,507; attending no schools, 71,895. The public school buildings provide places for 155,152. The number of school districts is 1369; number of public school buildings, 1493. Of 354 private schools, 101 are sectarian and 253 unsec• tarian. Fund raised 'by tax for public schools hi 1875, $2,272,825; from other sources, $31,573; total, $2,304,308. Teachers employed, 3,216, oi-whom 960 were men, and 2,256 women; average monthly salary of men, $65.77; of women, $38. Value of public school buildings and realty, $6,000,732. The cities have a distinct organization of their schools under the control of city superintendents, who, however, are subject to the state laws and the direction of the state superintendent of education. Each county has a superin tendent, and teachers' institutes had been organized in 18 of the 21 counties. The state normal school for teachers, at Trenton, embraces a system of model schools in which the students are trained in the respective departments of school teaching. The Farnham preparatory school at Beverly prepares students to enter the normal school, or for the practice of business. The numbers in attendance at the normal school in 1874 were 35 men and 234 women, under 12 teachers. The model school, under the charge of the students in the normal, contained 443 pupils, of whom 175 were boys and 268 girls. In 1879 an act passed the legislature for the .establishment_of schools for industrial educa tion. The annunIlehOol On all the property ottlMstate, 18 tVeo Mills on a dollar, which yielded in 1876, $1,238,115. In addition to the fund raised annually by this tax New Jersey has a school fund valued in 1876 at $2,208,680, of which $1,214,333 was invested in securities, $238.000 due from the state fund, and the remainder in the form of grants or leases of land. For higher education• there are 4 colleges, 4 collegiate schools for women. 8 scientific schools, including the state agricultural and scientific col lege connected with Rutgers, and 4 theological schools, besides many private seminaries for the instruction of youth of both sexes in the higher courses of study. The colleges arc: the Burlington (Episcopal) at Burlington, founded in 1846, which has 7 professors, 65 students, income $15,000, and a library of 2,000 volumes: the Rutgers (q.v ) (Reformed)
at New Brunswick, founded in 1770; the Princeton (Presbyterian) at Princeton, char tered as the college bf New Jersey (q.v.) in 1746; the Scion Hall (q.v.) (Roman Catholic) at South Orange, chartered in 1856, employs 32 professors or teachers, with 105 students, and has a library of 8,000 volumes; the Bordentown female college at Bordentown, founded in 1851, has 8 teachers, 104 students, and $30,000 invested in buildings; the Ivy Hall college for women at Bridgeton, founded in 1861, has 9 teachers, 60 students, $20,000 in buildings, $14,000 income, and 1000 volumes in library; St. Mary's Hall (Episcopal). Burlington, founded in 1837, has 28 professors and teachers, 200 students, 2,000 volumes in library; the Pennington female collegiate institute at Pennington, founded in 1840, has 9 teachers, 181 students, $100,000 in buildings, and a library of 2.000 Volumes. The schools or colleges of science are: the Stevens institute of technol logy (q.v.) at Hoboken, founded in 1871; the scientific school of Rutgers institute (including the state agricultural and scientific college) at New Brunswick, founded in 1864, has 11 professors, 62 students, $116,000 endowment, and a library of 8,800 vol umes; the John C. Greer school of science at Princeton (q.v.), founded in 1873. Most of the above colleges have preparatory schools connected with them. The Peddie institute at Hightstown is a high grade seminary founded in 1864, and has 7 teachers, 85 students, $150,000 invested in buildings, and $19.000 income. New Jersey is rich in theological institutions. At Princeton is the theological seminary of the Presbyterian church, founded in 1812, which has 7 professors, 116 students, $200,000 in buildings, $450,000 endowment, $29,000 income, and 26,000 volumes in its library; the seminary of the Reformed church in America at New Brunswick, founded in 1784, has 3 professors, 38 students, $300,000 in buildings, $220,000 endowment, $12,500 income, and 20,000 vol umes; the Drew theological seminary (q.v.) (Methodist) at Madison, founded in 1867; and the German theological school of Newark presbytery at Bloomfield, founded in 1869, with 6 professors, '23 students, $30.000 in buildings, $20,000 endowment, and $700 income. Of churches and their adherents the following table. presents a synopsis for 1874: The journals published in the state are as follows. Dailies, 22; tri-weekly, 1; semi weekly, 2• weekly, 146 ; bi-weekly and monthly, 2; total, 178. Politically these are classified: in sympathy with the democratic party, 53 with the republican party, 4 national or "greenback," and 63 independent of party affiliations. One weekly and 1 monthly are devoted to the cause of temperance, 2 weekly to mechanical information, 1 monthly to literature alone. 1 monthly to law, and 1 biweekly and 2 monthlies to col lege matters. Of these, 1 daily, 2 semi-weeklies, and 9 weeklies are in the German language. The aggregate subscription to these papers varies from 200,000 to 300,000 per year, and the total number of copies circulated annually exceeds 20,00,000.