Eric Benzel
Benzel, Eric, D.d. Two Swedish Scholars Of This Name, Father And Son, Have Distinguished Themselves In Biblical Literature. The Father Was Born In 1642, And After Filling Various Offices Both In The Church And The University, Be Came Archbishop Of Upsala, In 1700. He Wrote Breviarium Hi,rt. Eccles. V Ac ...
Eshel
Eshel &y..a.:1) Occurs In Three Places Of Scrip Ture, In One Of Which, In Our A. V., It Is Dered Grove, And In The Other Two Tree. Celsius (ffiembot. I. 535) Maintains That K'it.'; Has Always A General, And Not A Specific Signification, And That It Is Properly Translated Tree. ...
Eshtaol
Eshtaol ; Sept. 'aarathx, And 'ea0a6x), A Town Of The Shephelah Or Plain Of Philistia. It Is Connected With Zorah, Zanoah, And Bethshemesh; And We May Hence Conclude That It Was Situated Close To The Foot Of The Mountains Of Judah, And In Or Near Wady Surfir (josh. Xv. 33 ...
Eshtemoh Or Eshtemoa
Eshtemoh Or Eshtemoa (ribnein And ; Sept. Cod. Alex. 'ea-0 Cp.6, Etc.) In Josh. Xv. So This Name Is Written Without The Guttural J.,; But In All Other Places It Retains That Letter. The Sept. Has Also Several Ways Of Representing The Name, Some Of Which Bear Little Resemblance To ...
Essenes Or Essaeans
Essenes Or Essaeans Nnvv, Aboth R. Nathan, C. Xxxvi;'ecrcrnvot Joseph.; Esseni Pliny ; 'bo-era/ex, Joseph. Bell. Yeed. I. 3. 5, Etc. ; Philo), A Very Remarkable Jewish Sect Or Order Of Judaism, Which, By Virtue Of The Exemplarily Holy And Self Denying Life Of Its Followers, Exercised A Most Bene ...
Esther
Esther ; Sept. A Damsel Of The Tribe Of Benjamin, Born During The Exile, And Whose Family Did Not Avail Itself Of The Permission To Return To Palestine, Under The Edict Of Cyrus. Her Parents Being Dead, Esther Was Brought Up By Her Cousin Mordecai. The Reigning King Of Persia, ...
Estius Gulielmus
Estius (gulielmus), The Latinised Name Of William Hessels Van Est, Who Was Descended From An Illustrious Family Of The Lords Of The Castle Of Est, Near In Holland. He Was Born At Gorcum In That Country In 1542. After A Complete Course Of Learned Studies At Utrecht And Louvaine, He ...
Ethiopia
Ethiopia. The Hebrew Cush, As A Geographical Name, Is Rendered In The A. V. By Ethiopia. The Two Names, When Applied To An African Country, Seem Perfectly To Correspond, As Far As We Can Judge Of A Territory Of Uncertain Ex Tent, And It Is Possible That They Are Merely ...
Ethun
Ethun (nr.,1.3) Occurs In Prov. Vii. 16, In Con Nection With Egypt, And As A Product Of That Country. It Is Translated Fine Linen Of Egypt, In The A. V. As Egypt Was From Very Early Times Celebrated For Its Cultivation Of Flax And Manufacture Of Linen, There Can Be ...
Etoovs
Etoovs Ratcrypti5ew. Nor Are There Wanting Other Similar Passages In Proof Of This ; But We Must Bear In Mind, That In Dionys. The Word Denotes A Literal Substitution, While In Our Passage The Substitution Is Figurative, Far-fetched, And Hard To Unriddle. It Is Not Probable That The Apostle Should ...
Etz Aboth
Etz-'aboth Rp) Occurs In Lev. Xxiii. 40, And Neh. Viii. 15, And In Both Passages Is Men Tioned Along With Etz-shemen. These Words Occur Also In Ezek. Xx. 28, Where, As Well As In The Other Passages, They Are Translated Thick Trees. The Word Etz, Used In Several Places In ...
Etz Gopher 1
Etz-gopher (1 Eta-golher) Is Men Tioned Only Once In Scripture, As The Material Of Which Noah Was Directed To Build The Ark (gen. Vi, 14), Make Thee An Ark Of Gopher Wood ; Rooms Shalt Thou Make In The Ark, And Shalt Pitch It Within And Without With Pitch' (khemar, ...
Etz Shemen
Etz-shemen (pc) Ry) Occurs Three Times In Scripture, And Is Differently Translated In All The Three Passages In The A. V. At The Rebuilding Of The Temple, Nehemiah (viii. 75) Directs The Israel Ites To Go Forth Unto The Mount And Fetch Olive And Pine Branches (etz-shemen), And Myrde-branches, And ...
Euergetes
Euergetes (thirrygrns ; E,nergetes), 'bene Factor,' A Title Of Several Greek Kings. Its Use Is Thus Referred To In Our Saviour's Teaching : The Kings Of The Gentiles Exercise Lordship Over Them ; And They That Exercise Authority Upon Them Are Call Ed Benefactors' (ehry4rat, Luke Xxii. 25). It Was ...
Euihalius
Eu'i'halius, Deacon Of Alexandria, And Af Terwards, If The Title Of The Vatican Ms. Is To Be Credited, Bishop Of Sulce (zooxslis 'th-fcrsoros), A City Whose Site Has Not Been Satisfactorily Deter Mined. According To The Common Opinion He Was The First To Apply The Stichometrical Arrangement To The Books ...
Eumenes Ii
Eumenes Ii. King Of Pergamus, And Son Of Attains I. His Accession To The Throne Is Fixed By The Death Of His Predecessor To B.c. 197 (clinton, F. Ii:, Iii. P. 403). He Inherited From His Father The Friendship And Alliance Of The Romans, And When Peace Was Made In ...
Eunuch
Eunuch This Word, Which We Have Adopted From The Greek, Has, In Its Literal Sense, The Harmless Meaning Of ' Bed-keeper,' I. E One Who Has The Charge Of Beds And Bed-chambers ; But As Only Persons Deprived Of Their Virility Have, From The Most Ancient Times, Been Employed In ...
Euphrates
Euphrates (eboinerns), Termed In Deut. I. 7, The Great River,' Where It Is Mentioned As The Eastern Boundary Of The Land Which (ver. 8) God Gave To The Descendants Of Abraham. In Gen. Ii. 14, The Euphrates (its) Is Stated To Be The Fourth Of The Rivers Which Flowed From ...
Eusebius
Eusebius, Bishop Of Cmsarea, And Father Of Ecclesiastical History, Called Pamphili After His Friend, The Martyr Pamphilus, To Whom He Was Devotedly Attached, Was Born In Palestine About A.d. 264. On The Martyrdom Of His Friend He Fled Into Egypt, Where He Was Thrown Into Prison. After His Release He ...
Eusebius Hieronymus Sophro Nius
Jerome, Eusebius Hieronymus Sophro Nius, One Of The Greatest And Most Learned Of The Latin Fathers, Was Born At A Place Called Stridon, In Dalmatia, About A.d. 346. He Died At Bethlehem, Sept. 3o, 42o. The Name Of His Father, Who Was A Wealthy Man And A Christian, Was Eusebius. ...
Evangelists
Evangelists (5)a-ryex4crral). This Term Is Applied In The N. T. To A Certain Class Of Christian Teachers Who Were Not Fixed To Any Particular Spot, But Travelled Either Independently, Or Under The Direction Of One Or Other Of The Apostles, For The Purpose Of Propagating The Gospel. Philip, One Of ...
Evil Merodacii
Evil-merodacii (7.11fin Sept. Etitax Accpc,25eic, 00xatp.abcixap), Son And Successor Of Nebuchadnezzar, King Of Babylon, Who, On His Accession To The Throne (b.c. 562), Released The Captive King Of Judah, Jehoiachin, From Prison, Treated Him With Kindness And Distinction, And Set His Throne Above The Thrones Of The Other Conquered Kings ...
Executioner
Executioner. In The Margin Of The A.v. Of Gen. Xxxvii. 36 ; Jer. Xxxix. 9 ; Dan. Ii. 14, The Words Nt.tfr Or ?rind Are Rendered ' Chief Of The Slaughtermen Or Executioners.' In The Text The Rendering Is `captain Of The Guard.' Both Translations May Be Said To Be ...
Exodus
Exodus (gr. "beaos, In The Hebrew Canon 7i,n1), The Second Book Of Moses, So Called From The Principal Event Recorded In It, Namely, The Departure Of The Israelites From Egypt. With This Book Begins The Proper History Of That People, Continuing It Until Their Arrival At Sinai, And The Erection ...
Exorcist
Exorcist (4eopracrrzjs, Acts Xix. 13). The Belief In Demoniacal Possessions, Which May Be Traced In Almost Every Nation, Has Always Been Attended By The Professed Ability, On The Part Of Some Individuals, To Release The Unhappy Victims From Their Calamity. In Greece Men Of No Less Dis Tinction Than Both ...
Extent And
Extent And Boundaries.—ancient Geogra Phers Do Not Agree As To The Extent Of Syria. Hero Dotus Makes It Reach To The Black Sea On The North (i. 6) ; To Paphlagonia And The Mediterranean On The West (i. 72 ; Ii. 12, 116) ; To Egypt 011 The South (ii. ...
Ezekiel
Ezekiel = Pin', [whom] God Will Strengthen, Gesen. Thes., Or God Will Prevail, Rosenm. &hal. ; Sept. 'iwocojx), One Of The Greater Prophets, Whose Writings, Both In The Hebrew And Alexandrian Canons, Are Placed Next To Those Of Jeremiah. He Was The Son Of Busi The Priest (ch. I. 3), ...
Ezobh
Ezobh ; Sept. And N. T. A Great Variety Of Opinions Have Been Entertained Re Specting The Plant Called Ezobh, Translated Hyssop' In The A. V. Both Of The 0. And N. T. ; But As Yet No Satisfactory Investigation Has Been Made, So As To Enable Us To Fix ...
Ezra Witi1
Ezra (witi1 Help ; Sept. 'egspas. The Form Of The Name Is Chaldaic Or Aramaic ; And It Is Equivalent In Meaning To The Hebrew Name 113,7, From The Root 111/ ; Arab. •- He Surrounded, Pro Tected, Helped). 1. A Priest Who Went Up With Zenibbabel (neh. Xii. I. ...
Ezracii
Ezracii (rm). This Word Occurs Only Once In Scripture, Namely, In Ps. Xxxvii. 35, Where It Is Rendered Bay-tree. Commentators And Translators Have Differed Respecting It ; Some Supposing It To Indicate A Specific Tree, As The Laurel ; Others, Sup Ported By The Septuagint And Vulgate, The Cedar Of ...
Face
Face, In Scripture, Is Often Used To Denote Tresence In The General Sense, And, When Applied To The Almighty, Denotes Such A Complete Mani Festation Of The Divine Presence, By Sound Or Sight, As Was Equivalent, In The Vividness Of The Impres Sion, To The Seeing Of A Fellow-creature ` ...
Fair Havens
Fair Havens (kaxol Agave?), A Port On The Southern Side Of The Island Of Crete. Its Exact Position Was For A Long Period A Matter Of Doubt ; But Recent Researches Have Identified It Beyond The Possibility Of Question, And Have Also Contributea Throw Much Light On A Portion Of ...
Fairs
Fairs. This Is The Rendering In The A. V. Of The Hebrew Ltpizi.v In Ez. Xxfii. 12, 14, 16, 19, 22, 27. In Ver. 33 Of The Same Chapter It Is Ren Dered Wares,' And This Is Held By Fiirst, Hit Zi,g, And Others, To Be The Proper Rendering Of ...
Famine
Famine (zr). Considering The Early Period In The History Orthe World To Which The Biblical Records, Especially The Oldest Of Them, Refer ; And Considering Also How Small A Proportion To The World At Large, Or Even To The Inhabited Part Of It, The Population Borc In The Primitive Ages, ...
Farissol Or Farizol
Farissol Or Farizol &1y'le), Abrahani B. Mordecai, A Distinguished Geographer, Polemic, And Commentator, Was Born At Avignon, In Italy, About 1451. He Left His Native Place About 147o, Went To Mantua, And Thence To Ferrara, Where He Be Came Minister Of The Jewish Community, Which Office He Held Till 152o. ...
Farthing
Farthing. This Word Occurs Four Times In The V. Of The N. T. Two Names Of Coins Are Rendered By It. R. Kospdvrns, Quadrans (matt. V. 26 ; Mark Xii. 42), A Coin Current In Palestine In The Time Of Our Lord. According To St. Mark, It Was Equal To ...
Fast Of Esther
Esther, Fast Of (ttoti Rmvn), So Called From The Fact That It Was Ordered By This Queen To Avert The Impending Destruction Which At That Time Threatened The Whole Jewish Population Of The Persian Dominions (comp. Esther Iv. 16, 17). The Jews To This Day Keep This Fast On The ...
Fasts
Fasts, Consisting Both Of Self-imposed And Enjoined, Total Or Partial Abstinence From Food, Have Existed Among The Jews, As Among All Other Nations, From Time Immemorial. 1. The Import Of Fasting.—the Idea Which The Jews Attached To Fasting Was To Afflict, Weaken, And Humble The Soul By Withholding From It ...
Father
Father. This Word, Besides Its Obvious And Primary Sense, Bears, In Scripture, A Number Of Other Applications, Most Of Which Have, Through The Use Of The Bible, Become More Or Less Common In All Christian Countries. 1. The Term Father Is Very Often Applied To God Hirnself (exod. Iv. 22 ...
Feast Of The Dedication
Dedication, Feast Of The. This Festival Was Instituted By Judas Maccabmus, B.c. 164, To Be Celebrated Annually By All The Jews For Eight Days, Commencing On The 25th Of Chislev =parts Of November And December, In Commemoration Of The Purification Of The Temple And The Temple Worship, After The Three ...
Felix
Felix. Ripti,s), A Roman Procurator Of Juchea, Before Whom Paul So Reasoned Of Righteousness, Temperance, And Judgment To Come,' That The Judge Trembled, Saying, Go Thy Way For This Time ; When I Have A Convenient Season I Will Call For Thee' (acts Xxiv. 25). The Context States That Felix ...
Felix Pratensis
Pratensis, Felix. Very Little Is Known Of This Famous Editor Of The Editio Princeps Of Born Berg's Rabbinic Bible Beyond That He Was Born A Jew, Was Corrector Of The Press In Bomberg's Famous Printing-office, Embraced Christianity In Rome 1513, Was Created Magister Theologus 1523, And That He Died In ...
Festus
Festus. Porcius Festus Was The Successor Of Felix As The Roman Governor Of Judxa, To The Duties Of Which Office Be Was Appointed By The Emperor Nero (joseph. Antiq. Xx. S. 9 ; De Bell. Yud. Ii. 14. I) In The First Year Of His Reign (winer, Hana'w5rterbuclz, In Voc.) ...
Fever
Fever. By This Term The A. V. Renders The Heb. Nnip (deut. Xxviii. 22), And The Gr. /ruff Tbs (matt. Viii. 14 ; Mark I. 3o ; Luke Iv. 38 ; John Iv. 52 ; Acts Xxviii. 8). Both The Hebrew And Greek Words Are Derived From The Association Of ...
Fields
Fields. —under The Term Pl Clatran, Which We Translate ' Grain' And ' Corn,' The Hebrews Corn Prehended Almost Every Object Of Field Culture Syria, Including Palestine, Was Regarded By The Ancients As One Of The First Countries For Corn (pliny, Hist. Nat. Xviii. 7). Wheat Was Abundant And Excellent ...
Fire
Fire. Besides The Ordinary Senses Of The Word ` Fire,' Which Need No Explanation, There Are Other Uses Of It In Scripture Which Require To Be Discrimi Nated. The Destructive Enetgies Of This Element, And The Torment Which It Inflicts, Rendered It A Fit Symbol Of—t. Whatever Does Damage And ...
Firmament
Firmament. By This Word The A. V., Fol Lowing The Vulg., Translates The Heb. 3,pf; (gen. I. 6, 7, 8, Etc.) The Original Word, From Vp-i, To Stamp, Beat Out, Expand, Simply Means The Ex Panse ; And It Is Not Easy To Conceive How The Greek Translators Came To ...
First Division
First Division. The Matter Of The First Division Is Full And Complete, And Remarkably Confirmed By General History And The Present State Of The World. But We Notice In Limine A Wide Difference Between The Septuagint And The Hebrew Bible In One Im Portant Particular: Viz., The Length Of The ...
First Epistle Peter
Peter, First Epistle Of.—genuineness And Epistle Found An Early Place In The Canon By Universal Consent. The Other Epistle, By Calling Itself Scurepa, Refers To It As An Earlier Document (2 Peter Iii. I). Polycarp, In His Epistle To The Philippians, Often Uses It, Quoting Many Clauses, And Some Whole ...
First Epistle Of I
John, First Epistle Of. I. Genuineness.- That This Is The Production Of The Same Author As Wrote The Fourth Gospel, Is So Manifest, That It Has Been Universally Admitted (comp. Hauff, Die Authentic U. Der Hone Werth Des Evang. Yohan., P. 137, Ff.) The Establishment Of The Genuineness Of The ...
First Fruits
First-fruits. The Same Natural Feeling Which At First Led Man Out Of Gratitude To Conse Crate To The Giver Of All Good Things The First Born Of Both Man And Animals, And The Prime Parts Of Sacrifices, Because They Were Regarded As The First Instahnents Of His Blessings, And Which ...
Fish Fishes Fishing
Fish ; Fishes ; Fishing. — Various And Interesting Are The Statements Of Ichthyological Facts Scattered Throughout The Scriptures. We Propose To Collect These, Not In The Order Of Their Occu'rrence, But In A Method Which Seenis To Us Best To Illustrate The Biblical Aspect Of The Subject. The Creation ...
Flavius Josephus
Josephus, Flavius, The Celebrated Jewish Historian, Was Born At Jerusalem, A.d. 37, In The First Year Of Caius (calig,u1a). His Father Was A Priest Of The First Course, And His Mother Belonged To The Royal Asmonan Family; He Appeals To Pub Lic Documents In Proof Of His Genealogy, At Which ...
Food
Food. Under This Head We Shall Consider— I. The Materials Of Food Mentioned In The Bible ; And H. The Methods Of Preparing Them For Use ; Referring For The Customs Connected With The Con Sumpt Of Them To The Article Bagquets. I. 'fhe Origina/ Grant Of The Creator Made ...
Foot
Foot. Of The Various Senses In Which The Word Foot' Is Used In Scripture, The Following Are The Most Remarkable. Such Phrases As The Slipping' Of The Foot, The 'stumbling' Of The Foot, From Heal To Foot' (to Express The Cntire Body), And Foot Steps' (to Express Tendencies, As When ...
Forehead
Forehead. Marks Upon The Forehead, For The Purpose Of Distinguishing The Holy From The Profane, Arc Mentioned In Ezek. Lx. 4, And Again In Rev. Vii. 3. These Passages May Be Explained By Reference To Thc Customs Of Other Nations. Thus The Rev. J. Maurice, Speaking Of The Rites Which ...
Forest
Forest Is Used In The A. V. As The Equivalent Of Three Hebrew Words. In This Article It Is Pro Posed To Define The True Meaning Of These Several Terms, And To Identify And Describe The More Im Portant Localities To Which The Name Forest Is Ap Plied In Scripture: ...
Forms Of Altars
Altars, Forms Of. The Direction To The Israelites, At The Time Of Their Leaving Egypt, To Construct Their Altars Of Unhewn Stones Or Of Earth, Is Doubtless To Be Understood As An Injunction To Follow The Usage Of Their Patriarchal Ancestors ; And Not To Adopt The Customs, Full Of ...
Fortifications Fenced Cities
Fortifications. Fenced Cities.' Inventions For The Defence Of Men In Social Life Are Older Than History. The Walls, Towers, And Gates Salem, Still Bear Marks Of This Most Ancient System, Notwithstanding That This Region, The Connecting Link Between Asia And Africa, Between The Trade Of The East And The \vest, ...
Fountain
Fountain. A Greater Uniformity In The Translation Of Hebrew Terms Would Have Con Tributed Much To The Clearness Of Many Passages In The A. V. This Remark Is Especially Applicable To The Word Fountain. For Example The Term Or -i4z, Is Rendered Fountain ' In Ter. Vi. 7 ; As ...
Fowling
Fowling. Thc Act Of Taking Birds By Means Of Nets, Snares, Decoys, Etc., Is Frequently Alluded To In Scripture, Mc,stly In A Figurative And Moral Way. Birds Of Various Kinds Abound, And No Doubt Abounded, In Ancient Times, In Palestine. Canon Stanley Speaks Of Countless Birds Of All Kinds, Aquatic ...
Francis Gomar
Gomar, Francis, Celebrated In Church His Tory As The Leading Opponent Of Arminius, Was Born At Bruges, Jan. 30, 1563, And Died At Gro Ningen, Jan. R, 1641. His Theolooical Education Was Carried On Partly In England', Where He At Tended The Lectures Of Dr. John Rainolds At Oxford, And ...