Hot springs occur in the Satpura Hills, at Nizardeo, also at its sister spring at Unabdeo, about 3 miles to the north of Adawad, right under the Satpura Hills. Here the hot water issues from an oblong aperture in what appears to be a solid block of masonry, forming the lower part of an old Hindu temple, and flows into a tank 25 feet square. Four miles west of the Unabdeo spring is another hot spring, called Nam talao, or Sunab deo. It is in a narrow gorge or glen formed by two low projecting spurs of the Satpura ; the temperature, 140^. It contains 8'4 per cent. of silica and iron. There is another hot spring at Nizardeo, at Wirwada.
Near Bagin river in Paua district, Bundelk hand (Franklin). Two hot springs in Alwar country, one 15 miles W. by S. from Alwar, one 20 miles N.E of Jeypore (Capt.13ellew's Survey). Mineral springs at Machery? (Col. Tod). At Sitabari, in Harowtee ; also cold springs (Co]. Tod).
Birbhum.—Hot springs occur at Buklesur in Birbhum. There are about eight of these, each being enclosed by little walls of sandstone in the form of wells, and known by different names, taken from those of the Hindu gods. The spring that has the highest temperature is the Suraj kund, in which, says a Hindu traveller, we could not dip our hand, and in which an egg may be boiled, but not rice, of which we threw in a hand ul to try the experiment. A few paces from the is a cold spring. There are springs ?if the bed of the Paphara,:the washer-of-sins. he water of the Satgunga has a milky whiteness, vhencc the origin of its name.
Confervac abound in the hot springs of Suraj •und ; and two species, one ochreous brown and he other green, occur on the margin of the tanks hemselves, and in the hottest water ; the brown s capable of bearing the greatest heat, and forms belt in deeper water than the green. Both ppear in broad luxuriant strata, wherever the emperature is cooled down to He, and as low is 90°.
The water of one hot spring at Pachcte near he Damuda is 100° Fahr. in the cold weather. Ile spring is chalybeate. Hot springs near nonghtr, on the Ganges, are known as the Seeta Kund ; temperature, 163°. Hot springs at Iliahi Kondah and Bhitnband, in the trap mountains of liajmnhal. A thermal spring occurs in trap rock between lat. and 24" N., and long. 86' and 87° E.
Kalpitirn i,Mah aru,Ilatbulleab, Noubhi I, between Itajmalial and Suri (Sherwin). Lacarakunda, 21 miles S.W. of Suri, in Birblonn (Sherwill). Pant looee,16 miles N.W.of Suri, on Sidi' nullah, (Sher will). Springs at Katkamsandi, Old Benares road (Everest). Pinarkun, Ilamgtir (Breton). Paharpur, Kurruckpore Hills(Sherwill). Jlajgir and Guriuk, N. by of Gyah (Sherwin). Utteer, 30 miles from Puri (Brander).
There are two warm springs in the bed of the Godavery, one in the middle of the river near Badmehellum, about one hundred miles west from Rajamundry. At Kair and Urjunah, Dekhan (3Ialcomson). At Byorah (Malcomson).
Bum Buklesir is a pretty and curious spot, easily accessible, in a well-cultivated country, with a little jungle to its south. It is one mile from the large town of Tantipara, on the banks of the Buklesir, a small nullah. There are five or six
hot springs, the whole group called Bum Buklesir. The hot wells have been surrounded with masonry walls, and are immediately on the north or right bank of the nullah. There are numerous hot springs in the bed of the nullah, only to be seen in the dry season, giving out sulphuretted hydrogen, with which the air is tainted. Near the hot springs are several cold ones, all flowing from a tough gneiss rock. The hot and cold springs are only separated by a few feet from each other. The body of water ejected from the hottest well is very considerable, being about 120 cubic feet per minute ; it runs from innumerable small orifices in an accumulation of mud and dirt, the rock being nowhere visible within the masonry of the tank. In the hottest water, 162°, a green shining conferva thrives. Another spring is 128°, and the coolest 83°. Some 300 or 400 feet from the bank of the river, among the dilapidated temples, there is a large built tank, which is supplied by two springs, one hot and the other cold, so that at one end the water is warm, at the other. cold, and in the centre tepid. Tho stream of the nullah is about 50 yards across, with a brisk current, and it retains its heat below the springs for a considerable distance ; its tem perature was 83° in the month of December, when the temperature of the air was in the shade 77°. The sand of the stream some little way from the spring, and at the depth of six inches, is intoler ably hot to the hand. Extending for about 200 yards along the right bank of the stream, are 320 small brick and mortar vihara or temples, built by various pilgrims, each containing a lingam or emblem of Naliadeo. Only one temple has any pretension to architectural elegance. Numerous attendant Brahmans, most importunate beggars, loiter about the temples, engaged in bathing in the hot stream, or watching the cremation of dead bodies, which operation is constantly being carried on. Tantipara is a fine substantial village, with most of its inhabitants engaged in preparing silk for the Calcutta market. There is an indigo factory, besides a police choki and abkari station. A short way off is the large town of Dobrajpore, offering a good market for English piece-goods, and producing a largo supply of fish from its numerous tanks. Between it and Bum Bnidesir, and in the town of Dobrajpore, large naked and picturesque masses of granite and gneiss protrude through the soil, occupying altogether about a mile square. The scene is a very curious one. In the opposite direction, but farther away, is Nagpore, or Jye Nuggur, a large town ; the greater part of it has gone to decay, as is shown by its falling mosques, half -filled and weed-choked masonry tanks, and ruined buildings which almost approach to palaces in extent. The famous Nagore wall, or entrenchment extends in an irregular and broken figure round the town of Nagore, at a distance of about 4 miles ; its length is about 32 miles. At Lakarakunda, about 5 miles off, is a warm spring, temperature Near the feeble stream which carries away its waters is a curious cut stone Hindu temple.