Bryonia oil—Toomuttikai yennai, TAM. ; Boddama kaia noona, TEL. This oil is used for burning in lamps in those parts of British India where the fruit abounds. It is extracted by boiling in water.
Buchanania latifolia or Cheerongie oil, Chirongia sapida —Cheeronji or Charooli ka tel, HIND. ; Saray puppo noona, TEL. The kernels of this tree are eaten by the natives to promote fatness ; they abound in a straw-coloured, sweet-tasted, and limpid oil. The tree grows plentifully in Alysore and Cuddapah.
Butea frondosa, Moodooga oil. The seeds of this tree yield a small quantity of a bright, clear oil, which is sometimes used medicinally.
Cabbage seed oil is prepared/in small quantities. Calophyllum calaba ? an oil under the name of Cheroo pinnacottay was sent from Cochin.
Calophyllum inophyllum, Pinnacottay or Poon-seed oil —Surpun ka tel, HIND. ; Pinnay yennai, TAM. ; Pinnay noona, TEL. The fresh seeds of the Alexan drian laurel, when shelled and subjected to pres sure, yield a dark-green oil of a odour. Old seeds yield a higher coloured and thicker product. It is used for lamps and vessels, but it appears to be chiefly valuable as a medicine. It is seldom procurable in the bazar, but is expressed when required.
Cannabis sativa, Hemp-seed oil—Ganja yennai, TAM. is obtained by expression from the seeds of the common hemp. In Russia, the oil is much used for burning in lamps, but it is unknown to the natives of India.
Cardamom seed oil is well known.
Carthamus tinctorius, Safflower oil—Kurroo, Coos= ka tel, HIND. ; Chendoorookoo yennai, TAM. ; Koosumba noona, Tar,. A light-yellow clear oil is obtained from the seeds of the plant.
Tuntapoo oil (Cassia torn ?), an empyreumatic medicinal substance called twatapoo oil, is known about Masulipatam.
Celastrus paniculata, Malkungunee ; staff tree — Malkungunee ka tel, HIND. ; Valuluvy yennai, TAM. ; Bavungi noona, TEL. The deep scarlet coloured oil obtained by expression from the seeds of this shrub is used in medicine ; the seeds sub mitted to destructive distillation yield the Oleum nigrum or Vaylari tylum, TAM., which is used either alone or in combination with other ingredients in the treatment of Beriberi.
The Citrus species, aurantium, borgamia, decumana, limetta, limonnm, medics, and oils of neroli and bergamot, highly esteemed as perfumes, are dis tilled from the flowers and rind of the fruit of species of citrus.
Cocos nucifera, Cocoanut oil—Narel-ka-tel, 111ND. ; Taynga yennai, TAM. ; Tencaya noona, TEL. The nut having been stripped of the husk or coir, the shell is broken, and the fatty lining is taken out. This is called cobra, copra, or copperah in different localities. Ninety pounds of it are thrown into a mill with about three gallons of water, and from this [is produced 7t gallons of oil. The copra in its unprepared state is sold, slightly dried, in the market. It is burned in iron cribs or Fates, on the top of poles or torches in processions, and as means of illumination for work performed in the open air at night. In Europe, the oil is used for candle and soap manufacture, for lubri eating machinery, etc. etc. ; in India, for making soap, anointing the person, for cookery, lamps, and in medicine. Empyrenmatic oil and pyrolig neous acid are obtained by the destructive distilla tion of cocoanut shells. • Croton tiglium, Croton or Napalah oil—the Jumalgotay ka tel, HIND. ; Neervalum yennai, TAM. ; Nay palum noona, TEL. This medicinal oil is a drastic purgative.
Cueumis coloeynthis, Colocynth seed oil.
Cucnmis mob), Melon seed oil. Pitcha pusjhum, the Tharbooza, Khurbooza, or pumpkin seed oil.
Cucurbita maxima, Cucumber seed oil—Valerikai yen nai, TAM. ; Thosa noona, TEL A clear edible oil. Nearly all the species of gourds and melons and cucumbers yield mild, clear, culinary oils ; the skin of tho seed is removed, and the inside, under the name of maghz, khiyar, dadu, etc., sold, and the oil expressed.
Eriodendron anfractuosum. A dark-brown though clear oil is obtained by expression from the seed of this silk cotton tree, the fibre of which is used as a stuffing for pillows, mattresses, etc. etc.
Garcinia pictoria, Gamboge butter (Rox.)—Arasina goorghy yannai, CAN.; Mukki-tylum, TAM. A solid butter is contained in the seeds of the gamboge tree, a species closely allied to the G. purpurea, which produces the cocum butter. The gamboge tree grows abundantly in certain parts of the Mysore and western coast jungles. The oil is procurable in moderate quantities. It is prepared by pounding the seed in a stone mortar, and boiling the mass until the butter or oil rise to the surface. Two and a half measures of seed should yield one seer and a half of butter.