Mcra., a mixture of elay and sand, the rnali Hindustan, has many varieties, seine very goo], mid equal to the best doithalti.
Tibball, nearly all sand, the bhur of the pro vinces, worth very little, and only grows the inferior crops of moth, mad. etc.
C'is-.S'utlej States have divisions of the soil, to a certain extent corresponding to the netarand Mar, viz. the low lands, called khadar ; lands which have at one thne been the beds of the rivers, or have been flooded ; and bat.gnr, high land requiring irrigation by wells. 'nese great divisions are subdivided, as nyain, loamy land cultivated with manure and artificial irrigation ; rusli, good loam ; dakar, a low-lying stiff clay, productive of lice and gram ; and bhur, an inferior land with a large proportion of sand. Land that is inundated andgenerally unproductive for want of drainage, is called ehoil. In some of the sandy districts the names vary considerably. In the Gugaira dis trict, for instance, where the Foil is very bare, there is but little scope for all the varieties of inundated, irrigated, and other lands; if land is cnItivable at all it is fortunate, and them is but little variety to distinguish. The most generally recognised names of the descriptions of culturable soil are gnsralt, sikand, and retli. In the Settle ment Records, the name dakar, which is locally unknown, was introduced by the Hindustani amins employed on the rneasuretnents. The equivalent term is gusrah. Retli, as its name implies, is land with an excess of sand, and sikand is a stiff clay soil, suited for rice; it is called in some parts pakki chikni.
The following names are known as names of soils and in husbandry in the various linguistic areas :— Abi, in the Punjab, is an irrigation rate 011 land watered from tank or atream. In the .N.W. Pro vinces it is applied to land watered from ponds, tanks, lakes, or water-courses, in distinction to that watered from wells, as tho supply from the forme' is liable to fail in the hot season. Abi land is assessed at a lower rate, in some caaes at less than la.tlf of that watered from wells.
Agadi, of Coor,g, a field in which seed is sown ; a Tittrsery.
Aghani, in Bengal, the great dlian or rice crop of tho year, sown in Asarh (June--July), and cut in the latter lialf of Aghan (December).
Agor betel, in Bengal, ft division of the crop between the landlord and the cultivator of it, after it haa been cut, stored, and threshed.
Abar, of Bengal, is an embankment raised to catch surface (trainee° for purposes of irrigation.
Ail, of Bengal, a Cank or ridge of earth forming a divi sion between fields.
Aima, of Bengal, a land grant by the Moghul govern ment, either rent-freo or subject to a small quit rent, to learned or religious persons of the Muham madan faith. Ainia baz-yaft hie such grants subsequently assessed.
Aitho, of Sind, exhausted land lying fallow.
Ajjar, of Bengal, land not subject to diluvion.
Akashi, of Bombay, land dependent on tho natural rains or casually.watered from tanks or rivers. Armin, of' Bengal, a nco crop sown on low wet ground about July or August, and reaped in December. Aman are low lands yielding one crop a year.
Awal, duani, siam, charana, panjam, shasham, haftam, are Persian words signifying, as applied to land, soils of the first to the seventh mte qualities. In Gujerat, previous to tho 'survey, WAS a mode of classifying land its distance from tho village and facility for imgation were tam into account in the clas.sification.
_ Bacl'h, in Bengal, high-lying rice fields, which yield scantily.
Bagh, of Northern India, a garden, an orchard. Baglia yat, garden or spade culture, for such articles as betel, chillies, garlic, ginger, hemp, plantain, saffron, onions, sugar-cane, pepper, tobacco, and other vegetables ; it is assessed at a higher rate than arable lands.
Ba,ghelkhand, the prevailing classes of soil are mair, sengawan, domat, and bhata. Mair is a black soil which retains water and moisture well, and needs no irrigation.
Bailu, of Bombay, the first sort of rice land, producing in general two crops of rice and one of dry grain or vegetables, or sometimes three crops of rice in the year.