1 Gambia
Gambia, (1) A British Colony In West Africa, Occupying Portions Of Territory At The Mouth Of The River Gambia, Some Of Its Islands, And (including The Adjacent Territory Under British Protection) About Six Miles Of Land On Either Bank For A Distance Of 250 Miles From The Sea, And The ...
1789 1816 Nances Of The
Nances Of The, 1789-1816). He Also Ably But Unsuccessfully Urged The Renewal Of The Charter Of The Bank Of The United States. Always A Free-trade Advocate, In 1831 He Was The Leading Spirit In A Free-trade Convention At Philadel Phia, Drafting A Memorial On That Subject For Presentation To Congress. ...
7 History Of Thegerman
- 7-history 'of The German Lan Guage. The Modern' German Language; As Written, Spoken.'on .the,, Stage.. And:also,: With Certain Provipcial Variations In The Ordinary Tercourse Of The Educated Classes Of The German Empire And Of Parts Of Austria And Switzer Land, Is A Literary Language Which Has Arisen By A'process ...
Algoneian Cami3rian Permianpleisto
Algoneian ; Cami3rian ; Permian ; Pleisto Cene Epoch. Work Of The Ocean.—practically Three Fourths Of The Earth's Surface Is Covered By Oceans, Which Have A Maximum Depth Of About 30,000 Feet, And An Average Depth Of About Two Miles. Sea Water Contains 3.4 Per Cent Of Dis Solved Matter, ...
Allied Themes
Allied Themes The Study Of Whose Connections And General Comparative Anatomy Is One Of The Most In Structive And Fascinating Chapters In The De Velomnent Of Modern Geometry. Plane Geometry Of The Point In Four Space That Is 4-dimensional In Points Is Also 4-dimensional In Lineoids (ordinary 3-di Mensional Spaces). ...
Atmosphere Vapor
Atmosphere; Vapor. The Earth Is Believed To Be A Cooling And Contracting Body. With A Reduction In Size The Outer Crust Becomes Wrinkled. The Crests Of These Wrinkles Protrude Above The Water, Which Fills The Troughs. Without Altering The Relative Positions Of The Exposed Land Masses And The Oceanic Basins, ...
Chinese
Chinese. Buddhist Scriptures: Man Never Dies. The Soul Inhabits The Body For A Time, And Leaves It Again. The Soul Is Myself : The Body Is Only My Dwelling Place. Birth Is Not Birth: There Is A Soul Already Exist Ent When The Body Comes To It. Death Is Not ...
Christian Era
Christian Era. Pan/ (car. Ov, Trans. By Dr. James Moffatt): "someone Will Ask, Do The Dead Rise? What Kind Of Body Have They When They Come?' Foolish Man! What You Sow Never Comes To Life Unless It Dies. And What You Sow Is Not The Body That Is To Be; ...
Clergymen And Theologians Recent
Clergymen And Theologians: Recent. Charles H. Spurgeon: "i Believe That Heaven Is A Fellowship Of The Saints, And That We Shall Know One Another There. I Have Often Thought I Should Love To See Isaiah. . . . I Am Sure I Should Want To Find Out Good George Whitefield. ...
Continent Shore Lines Unconformity
Continent; Shore Lines; Unconformity. Oropenic Movements Are Mountain Making, Involving Intense Crumpling And Dislocation Of The Rock Masses, The Result 'of Powerful Lateral Thrust Which Has Caused The Rocks To Arch And Buckle And Even To Break And Slide Over Each Other For Long Distances. The Cause Of Such Lateral ...
Cosmical Geology
Cosmical Geology. Counical Geology, Or Cosmogony, Brings Out Certain Harmonies In The Solar System, Namely, That The Orbits Of All The Important Planets Are Practically In Same .plane And Nearly, Though, Not Quite, Circular; That They All Re Volve In The Same Direction In Their Orbits; That Most.of Theist Rotate ...
Current
Current. The General Method Of Using Electrical Gen Erators Is To Locate The Power-house Either Near Some Natural Source Of Energy Such As A Water Fall Or Near The Centre Of Distribution Of Some Large City, Preferably Near A River Or Lake Where Adjacent Water Maybe Used For Cooling The ...
Development Of Geology As
Development Of Geology As A Science. Probably The Earliest Geologic Phenomena To Cause Comment Were Earthquakes, Active Vol Canoes And Floods. These Were The Cause Of Fruitful, If Unscientific, Conjecture Among The Earliest Peoples Who Were Wont To Ascribe Them To The Vagaries Of Mythological Monsters. Aristotle Believed Earthquakes Were ...
Diplomatic Relations Of The
Diplomatic Relations Of The United States With Ger Many. Although American Diplomatic And Political Relations With Germany Did Not Assume Large Importance Until The End Of The Last Cen Tury, Comparatively Unimportant Historical Rela Tions Were Begun A Century Earlier. American Hopes Of Prussian Sympathy In The Revolution Were Disappointed. ...
Dynamical Geology
Dynamical Geology. The Surficial Forces Of Dynamical Be Discussed Under The Process Of Grada Tion, The Internal Forces Under The Processes Of Diastrophism And Volcanism. The External' Forces Are Con Tinually At Work Tearing Down Earth Structure At One Point, Building Up At Another. This Tearing Down And Rebuilding Is ...
Early Church
Early Church. The Clementina Homilies: "for There Is Every Necessity, That He Who Says That God Who Is By His Nature Righteous, Should Believe Also That The Souls Of Men Are Immortal; For Where Would Be His Justice, When Some Having Lived Piously, Have Been Evil Treated, And Sometimes Violently ...
Economic Relations Of Fungi
Economic Relations Of Fungi. Some Species Its Growth Is Not Uniform, And The Stalk Is Excentric, Or Even Lateral. Lastly, Let It Be Remembered That The Toadstool Which We The Economic Relations Of The Fungi Are Of Great Importance. Some Are Edible And Furnish Wholesome Food To Man And Other ...
Egypt
Egypt. The Tombs Of Egypt Have Yielded Considerable Material On This Subject; A 26th Century B.c. In Scription On A Tomb Reads: Allow I Caused That I Should Be Buried In The Same Tomb With This Zau (his Father's Name) In Order That I Might Be With Him In The ...
Eumenides Furies
Furies, Eumenides, Or Erinyes, Called By The Romans Fust And Diaz, Were Greek Mythological Divinities, The Avengers Of Murder, Perjury And Filial Ingratitude. They Sprang From The Drops Of Blood Which Fell From Uranus When He Was Mutilated By His Son Kro Nos Or Saturn. Others Make Them The Daughters ...
European Furniture
European Furniture. Italian Furniture.— The Gothic Style Never Gained A Full Hold In Italy, For, As Dr. Semper Says: "already By The 12th Century The Renais Sance Era Was Opened In Furniture, Especially In Most Of These Gothic Pieces Are Found In The Church Furnishings, As Closets, With Gothic Façades, ...
Frank
Frank, Frank, Jacob (properly Lebo Wicz), Jewish Pseudo-messiah: B. Galicia, 1720; D. 10 Dec. 1791. The Name Frank Was Obtained During Travel In The East From The Turks, Who Employed The Word As A Generic Term For An European. Originally A Distiller, He Settled, After His Easternjourney, In Podolia, Where ...
Frankenstein
Frankenstein, Frank'en-siin. The Famous Romance Of 'frankenstein' Was Begun By Mrs. Shelley In The Summer Of 1816, While She Was Staying With Her Husband The Poet, Lord Byron And Another Friend In Switzerland By Lake Geneva; It Was Completed At Marlow, In England, The Next Year And Published In 1818. ...
Frankfort
Frankfort, Ky., City, Capital Of The State Of Kentucky, County-seat Of Franklin County; On The Kentucky River, The Chesapeake And Ohio, Frankfort And Cincinnati And The Louisville And Nashville Railroads; 55 Miles By Rail East Of Louisville And 65 Miles Southwest Of Cincinnati. The City Was Founded By Gen. James ...
Frankfort On The Main
Frankfort-on-the-main, Man, Prussia, The Capital Of A District Of Same Name, On Both Banks Of The Navigable River Main, 24 Miles Above Its Confluence With The Rhine. It Is Divided By The River Into Two Unequal Parts; The One On The North Bank, Called Frankfort Proper, Being Considerably Larger Than ...
Franklin
Franklin, William, American Colonial Governor: B. Philadelphia, 1729 Or 1730; D. Eng Land, 17 Nov. 1813. He Was A Natural Son Of Benjamin Franklin (q.v.), In Whose Household He Was Brought Up. He Served With The Penn Sylvania Forces On The Canada Frontier, Ob Tained A Captain's Commission Before 1750, ...
Franklin
Franklin, Battle Of. On 12 Nov. 1864 General Sherman Turned Back From His Pursuit Of Hood To Begin His March From Atlanta To The Sea, Leaving General Thomas To Act On The De Fensive In Tennessee Or To Take The Offensive In Alabama. Hood Was At Florence And Tuscum Bia, ...
Franklin Institute
Franklin Institute, The, Of The State Of Pennsylvania For The Promotion Of The Mechanic Arts, Institution Founded In Phila Delphia In 1824 For The Dissemination Of Knowl Edge Of The Arts And Sciences. The Work Of The Society Is Carried On By Means Of Lectures And Rep6rts, Exhibitions, Class Instruction, ...
Franklin_2
Franklin, William Buel, American Military Officer: B. York, Pa., 27 Feb. 1823; D. Hartford, Conn., 8 March 1903. He Was Grad Uated At The United States Military Academy In 1843 At The Head Of His Class, One Of His Classmates Being U. S. Grant. In The Mexican War He Served ...
Franklin_3
Franklin, State Of, Now Tennessee (q.v.). Twelve Years After The Watauga Asso Ciation Was Formed (1772), And When Four Counties West Of The Present North Carolina Had Been Organized, With Some 10,000 People, That State On Request Of Congress Ceded The District To The United States, Giving It Two Years ...
Franklins Autobiography
Franklin's Autobiography. Franklin Began His Autobiography While He Was Visiting The Bishop Of Saint Asaph At Twyford In 1771. This First Instalment Carried The Ac Count From 1706, The Date Of Franklin's Birth, To 1731. It Was Intended Solely For His Own Posterity, And Contains What He Called • Several ...
Franks
Franks (espearmenp), The. In The 3d Century A.d. (the Name First Appears In 240, Under The Emperor Gordian) The Scattered Teu Tonic Tribes North And East Of The Middle And Lower Rhine, In The Present Westphalia, Hesse, Gelderland, Etc., United In A Loose Confederacy; Very Probably Compacted By The Ancestor ...
Frasch
Frasch, Frish, Herman, American Chem Ist And Inventor: B. Gaildorf, Wurttemberg. Germany, 1852; D. 1914. He Began The Practice Of Pharmacy In 1868, And After His Arrival In The United States Entered The Laboratory Of Professor Maisch At The Philadelphia College Of Pharmacy. In 1874 He Established His Own Laboratory. ...
Fraternal Societies In Amer
Fraternal Societies In Amer Ica. A Fraternal Society Is Defined As A Cor Poration Or Voluntary Association Organized And Carried On For The Sole Benefit Of Its Mem Bers And Their Beneficiaries. It Has No Capital Stock And Is Not Operated For Profit. Every Such Society Must Have A Representative ...
Fraternities
Fraternities, Religious Societies For Pious Practices And Benevolent Objects. They Were Often Formed During The Middle Ages, From A Desire Of Imitating The Holy Orders. From The 12th To The 15th Century Nothing Was Con Sidered More Meritorious Than To Form And Be Long To Such Orders. The Laity, Who ...
Fraud
Fraud, In Law, All Deceitful Practices In Defrauding Or Endeavoring To Defraud Another Of His Known Right, By Means Of Some Artful De Vice, Contrary To The Plain Rules Of Common Hon Esty. It Is Condemned By The Common Law, And Punishable According To The Offense. All Frauds And Deceits ...
Fraud_2
Fraud, Prevention Of, An Exercise Of Po Lice Power To Stop Deception, Or To Render Its Commission More Difficult, Or To Facilitate Its Detection. The Principal Field For Legislation For The Prevention Of Fraud Is Found In The Busi Ness Of Brokers, Agents And Depositories- Warehouse And Commission Men, Auctioneers, ...
Frauds
Frauds, Statute Of. Perhaps One Of The Most Important Statutes Ever Enacted In Eng Land Or The United States Was The Statute Of Frauds (29 Charles Ii, Chap. 3). It Was Passed In The Year 1673. Its Object Is Stated To Be The Aprevention Of Frauds And Perjuries," And Its ...
Fraudulent Conveyances
Fraudulent Conveyances, In Law, A Fraudulent Conveyance Is A Conveyance The Object, Tendency Or Effect Of Which Is To Defraud Another Not A Party To Such A Conveyance, Or The Intent Of Which Is To Avoid Some Debt Or Duty Due By Or Incumbent On The Party Making It. Conveyances ...
Fraunhofer
Fraunhofer, F Joseph Von, German Mathematician: B. Straubing, Ba Varia, 6 March 1787; D. Munich, 7 June 1826. In 1799 He Was Placed With A Looking-glass Maker And Glass-grinder At Munich. After Various Vicissitudes He Received An Appointment As Optician In The Mathematical And Mechanical Institute Of Reichenbach And Utzschneider ...
Frederick I
Frederick I, Surnamed Barbarossa Or Red Bf-abd, Emperor Of The Holy Roman Em Pire, Son Of Frederick, Duke Of Suabia: B. 1123; D. June 1190. He Was Chosen To Succeed His Uncle Conrad Iii, In 1152. He Was Crowned At Aix-la-chapelle A Few Days After His Election. His Great Ambition ...
Frederick Ii
Frederick Ii, Emperor Of The Holy Ro Man Empire: B. Jesi, Near Ancona, Italy, 26 Dec. 1194; D. Fiorentino, 13 Dec. 1250. He Was Elected King Of The Romans In 1196, Again After The Death Of His Father, Henry Vi, And A Third Time On The Excommunication Of Otho Iv, ...
Frederick Ii
Frederick Ii, Best Known As Fred Erick The Great, King Of Prussia : B. 24 Jan. 1712; D. Sans Souci, 17 Aug. 1786. He Was The Son Of Frederick William I And The Princess Sophia Dorothea Of Hanover. Though By The Direction Of His Father, He Was Instructed Only In ...
Frederick Iii
Frederick Iii, King Of Prussia, Second Emperor Of Modern Germany: B. Potsdam, 18 Oct. 1831; D. 15 June 1888. He Married In 1858 The Princess Royal Of England, The Eldest Daughter Of Queen Victoria. When Prussia Declared War Against Austria In 1866 The Crown Prince, As He Was Called, Became ...
Frederick William
Frederick William, Elector Of Brandenburg, Called The Great Elector : B. 16 Feb. 1620; D. Potsdam, 9 May 1688. He Suc Ceeded His Father When The Unhappy Thirty Years' War Was Still Raging In Germany, And His Conduct Toward The Contestants Was Marked By Great Prudence. In 1641 He Concluded ...
Frederick William Iii
Frederick William Iii, King Of Prussia :' B. 3 Aug. 1770; D. 7 Tune 1840. He Commenced His Reign In 1797 By Maintaining A Strict Neutrality In The Various Alliances With And Against ,france Which Resulted From The Ambitions Designs Of Napoleon I. In 1805, However, He Yielded To The ...
Frederick The Great
Frederick The Great. Tyrant Of Extraordinary Military And Political Talents, Of Industry More Extraordinary Still, Without Fear, Without Faith, Without Mercy)) Is Macaulay's Esti Mate Of The Greatest Of All The Hohenzollerns. In The Light Of The Great War, Macaulay's Essay Reads Like Prophecy, While Carlyle's Glorifica Tion Of Unscrupulous ...
Fredericksburg
Fredericksburg, Battle Of. At The Beginning Of December 1862 The Army Of The Potomac, Under Command Of General Burnside, Held The North Bank Of The Rappahannock River At Falmouth, Va., While The Confederate Army, Under General Lee, Held The South Bank At And Below Fredericksburg. The Army Of The Poto ...
Free Church Of Scotland
Free Church Of Scotland. This Was The Name Assumed By The Large Body Of Ministers And Their Adherents Who Gave Up Their Livings And Separated From The Established Church Of Scotland At The Disruption (q.v.) On 18 May 1843. They Seceded In Vindication Of The °headship Of Christ," That Is, ...
Free Cities
Free Cities, The Name Applied To Vari Ous Cities Of Germany Which In The 12th Century Assisted The Emperors In Repressing The Arro Gance Of The Nobles, And, In Return For Their Services Or Contributions, Received Various Privi Leges And Immunities And Became Imperial Cities. Free Cities Existed In Germany ...
Free Negroes
Free Negroes, In The United States. At The Formation Of The Union These Numbered About 60,000, Nearly Half Of Them In The South; But While There Were Few Slaves In New Eng Land, And Those Dwindling, And Less Than 50 Per Cent More Than The Free Colored Population North Of ...
Free Soil Party 1848 55
Free-soil Party (1848-55). This Was The Old Liberty Party (q.v.) Of Direct Abolition (birney, Chase, Etc.), Plus The °con Science Whigs" Of Massachusetts (sumner, C. F. Adams, Etc.), Who Supported The Wilmot Proviso (q.v.), And The °barnburners," Or Van Buren Section Of The New York Democrats. The Latter As A ...
Free Trade
Free Trade, In Current Use Restricted To Mean The Interchange Of Commodities Between Countries Politically Independent, Without Ob Stacles Specifically Intended To Restrict The Trade. All Taxes On Imports, Which Form A Large Part Of The Revenue Of Most Civilized Governments To That Extent Impede The Freedom Of Trade; But ...
Free Will
Free Will. This Question Is Properly Di Vided Into Two Sections, That Of The Metaphys Ical Basis And The Doctrinal Application; But The Latter Has So Deeply Affected The Reasonings On The Former, That It Is Almost Impossible To Sepa Rate Them. The Metaphysical Problem Is Unique, From Its Presenting ...
Freedmens Bureau
Freedmen's Bureau, The Supervision, Temporary Maintenance And Em Ployment Of The Mass Of Homeless, Penniless And Untaught Freedmen Created By Emancipa Tion Was An Obvious Duty Of The Government, Urged Upon It At Once After The Proclamation Of 1 Jan. 1863; And In 1863-64 Officials Were Ap Pointed To Lease ...