The Selfifeea'ing Stove, for brown coal (pz. 10, fig. It), affords a con tinuous heat as long as the magazine is kept supplied. This magazine forms the vertical middle part, seen in front view at a, and is st pplied b 3 the charging hopper, seen in side view at b. The receiver stands below, in direct connection with two hearths; so that when the fire is burning fresh fuel is supplied to them, the amount being increased when the fire rate -g is set in motion by the handles on the outside. By this motion the spaces between the bars of the grate are cleaned of the ashes, which fall into the ash-pan. To prevent the ignition of the entire stock of fuel in the supply box, the hopper must be hermetically closed. The flues of the stove pro ceed first from the hearth in a curved direction, then vertically upward by the side of the supply-box, uniting above the latter, and thence by a com mon trunk into the chimney. The steady and continuous stream of heat renders the self-feeding stove particularly useful for large and exposed apartments.
Tke Jacket Stove—also self-feeding—shown in horizontal and vertical section in Figure 12, was constructed by Civil Engineer E. Kelling for the Lying-in Institute in Dresden. In principle it resembles the forego ing, but differs in form, being arranged for ventilation, and therefore pro vided with a jacket. The fresh air from the outside enters through the duct (o) into the interspace between the stove and the jacket, becomes heated by contact with the heating surfaces of the stove, and, as the jacket is open at the top, streams out into the room. There is no arrangement in this stove for getting rid of the foul air, which must be provided for in other parts of the room. If no change of air be desired, the fresh-air opening is closed by the slide (L), and another one—not exhibited in the Figure—at the foot of the jacket, is opened, so as to allow the air of the room to enter, and thus induce a circulation. The cut also shows the out side and inside doors (A) for filling the supply-box with coal; slide (B) for cutting off the supply-box from the fire-box; horizontal grate with mov able raker (C); trap (D) to allow the ashes and cinders to fall directly into the ash-pan; air cylinder (F) for cooling the fire-plate and supply-box; evaporator (G) for maintaining the air at a fixed degree of humidity; caps to cleaning openings (H, H); valve (E) for directing the smoke directly into the chimney from the one vertical smoke-pipe, as is necessary in stormy weather, or for leading the flame into the three vertical pipes.
The Selifeeding Coke Stove with jacket (fig. 13) is constructed on the same principle as the one just described, as regards both heating and ven tilation; the manner in which it is finished is, however, essentially different.
The reservoir, or filling hopper, for the coke is circular in section, tapers as it rises, and is closed by means of a cover with a sand calk while combustion is progressing. The smoke-pipe, ring-shaped in section, is car ried around the charging hopper, and is connected below with the fire-box by a slit that passes entirely around, while it is connected above with the chimney. Outside the smoke-pipe, and concentrically with it, lies the perforated jacket; into the space between, the air from the outside is in troduced through a channel below, and it collies out heated, above, into the room. The top of the stove has a movable cover and is made to hold a vessel of water.
The Regulator Stove with jacket (fi/. to, fig. 14) serves for ventilation like the one just described. The air enters the space between the stove and the jacket when the valve (c) is opened, and when heated issues through (1 into the room. When ventilation is not desired, the valve (c) is closed, and another valve, on the right, at the foot of the stove, is opened instead, as is seen in the cut of the exterior of the stove. The valve (a) in the stove itself serves, when set diagonally, to direct the fire into the chimney, the lower stove door being- opened, as seen in the cut, so as to conduct the air of the room over the burning coal, as in a fireplace. In regard to the recrulation—which can also be done as well in other stoves—a slide in the lower door is opened or closed, so as to admit the required amount of air to support the consumption of the coal. The upper door is considerably above the grate; the fuel is heaped in to the same level through this upper door, and is kindled with wood. During the kindling the whole of the lower door may be left open; it is afterward closed and the regulating done by the slide.
American the United States, an immense number of stoves, heaters, ranges, and furnaces are manufactured, and many devices have been introduced. Changes are frequently designed in various details, and arrangements are promptly made to provide for all well-defined require ments based on differences in the kind or quantity of fuel to be consumed, the amount of heating effect to be produced, the extent to which ornamen tation is desired, etc. Inventive genius and manufacturing enterprise have been active in all branches of heating apparatus, and particularly in con nection with stoves or ranges used for cooking. There are also a large num ber of parlor stoves or heaters used exclusively for heating in parlors, sit ting-rooms, or bed-rooms, and many kinds of furnaces used in heating air transmitted from cellars to rooms in the upper stories of dwellings.