B. Aa to extent or uniformity.
1. Broadcast over the land) We may call them national constitutions, popular con stitutions, constitutions for' the whole state.
2. Special charters. Chartered, accumulated and varying' franchises, medieval cha racter.
(See article Constitution in the Encyclo predia Americana.) VI. As to the extent and comprehension of the chief government.
A. Military governments.
1. Commercial government ; one of the first in Asia, and that into which Asiatic so ciety relapses, as the only remaining ele ment, when barbarous conquerors destroy all bonds which can be torn by them.
2. Tribal government.
a. Stationary.
b. Nomadio. We mention the nomadic' government under the tribal govern ment, because no other government has been nomadic, except the patri archal government, which indeed is the incipiency of the tribal govern ment.
3. City government (that ia, city-states; as all free states' of antiquity, and as Hanseatic governments in modern times).
4. Government of the Medieval Orders ex tending over portions of societies far apart; as the Templars, Tentonic Knights, Knights of St. John. Political societies without necessary territory, although they had always landed property.
b. National states that is, populous political societies spreading over an extensive and cohesive territory beyond the limits of a city.
B. Confederacies.
1. As to admission of members, or exten sion.• a. Closed, as the Amphietyonio council, Germany.
b. Open, as ours.
2. Aa to the federal character, or the cha racter of the members, as states.
a. Leagues.
aa. Tribal confederacies; frequently observed in Asia; generally of a loose character.
bb. City leagues ; as the Hanseatic League, the Lombard League.
ec. Congress of deputies, voting by states and according to instruc tion ; as the Netherlands republic and our Articles of Confedera tion, Germanic Confederation.
dd. Present " state system of Eu rope" (with constant congresses, if we may call this "'system," a federative government in its in cipiency).
b. Confederacies proper, with national congress.
aa. With eccleshr or democratic gress (Achrean League).
bb. With representative national congress, as ours.
C, Mere agglomerations of one ruler.
1. As the early Asiatic nzonarebiec, or Turkey.
2. Several crowns in one head; as Austria, Sweden, Danmark.
TU. As to the construction of society, the title of property. and allegianoe.
A. As to the classes of society..
1. Castes, hereditarily dividing the whole population, according to occupations and privileges. India, ancient Egypt.
2 Speoial castes.
a. Government with privileged classes or caste; nobility.
b. Government with degraded or op pressed caste; slavery.
e. Governments founded on equality of citizens (the uniform tendency of modern civilization).
E. As to property and produotion.
1. 2. Individualism: C. As to allegiance.
1. Plain, direct; as in unitary governments.
2. Varied'; as in national confederacies.
3. Graduated or wimps?, lotted ; as in the feudal system, or as is the owe with the serf.
D. Governments are occasionally called ing to the prevailing interests or classes • as Military states; for instance, Prussia under Frederick. IL.
Maritime state.
Commercial.
Agricultural.
Manufacturing.
Ecclesiastioal,.&e: VIII. According to simplicity or complexity, as in Viii. According to simplicity or complexity, as in al other spheres, we have— A. Simple governments (formerly called pure; as pure democracy).
B. Complex governments, formerly called mixed. All organism is complex.