Sennar
Sennar, A Country Of North-east Africa, Part Of The Anglo Egyptian Sudan. Its Boundaries Have Varied Considerably, But Sennar Proper Is The Triangular-shaped Territory Between The White And Blue Niles North Of 0° N. This Region Is Called By The Arabs "the Island Of Sennar" And By The Negro Inhabitants ...
Senones
Senones, A Celtic People Of Gallia Celtica, Who In Caesar's Time Inhabited The District Which Now Includes The Departments Of Seine-et-marne, Loiret, And Yonne. From 53-51 B.c. They Were Engaged In Hostilities With Caesar. In 51 B.c. A Senonian Named Drappes Threatened The Provincia, But Was Captured And Starved Himself ...
Senses Smell And Taste
Smell And Taste, Senses Of.—the Senses Of Smell And Taste Are Distinguished From The Rest As "chemical Senses," Because Their Sensory Cells Respond To Chemical Stimuli. In Verte Brates The Two Senses Are Completely Separated. See Smell And Taste Above. In Invertebrates A Similarly Sharp Distinction Between The Sense Of ...
Sensory Functions Of Skin
Skin, Sensory Functions Of. It Is The Function Of Our Senses To Keep Us In Relation With Our Surroundings And To Enable Us To Move With Impunity About A World Full Of Hard Angular And Dangerous Objects. In This Task The Senses Of The Skin Take An Important And Characteristic ...
Senussi
Senussi And Senussites, The Names Respectively Of A Muslim Family (and Especially Its Chief Member) And Of The Fraternity Or Sect Recognizing The Authority Of The Senussi. Seyyid Or Sidi (i.e., Lord) Mohammed Ben Ali Ben Es Senussi El Khettabi El Hassani El Idrissi El Mehajiri, The Founder Of The ...
Seoni Or Seoni Chapara
Seoni Or Seoni-chapara, A Town And District Of British India In The Jubbulpur Division Of The Central Provinces. The Town Is 2,000 Feet Above Sea Level, Half Way On The Great North Ern Road Between Nagpur And Jubbulpur. Population (1931) 16,o81. It Is A Favourite Station, Being Well-wooded And Has ...
Sepsis
Sepsis, A Term In Medicine Denoting Infection Of A Wound Or Collection Of Fluid Or Dead Material By Bacteria Usually Conveyed From Without. Etymologically The Term Signifies Putrefaction And At First It Was Thought That The Wound Was Putrefying As Dead Animal Material Putrefies. This View Was Found To Be ...
Sequani
Sequani, In Ancient Geography, A Celtic People Who Oc Cupied The Upper Basin Of The River Arar (saone), Their Territory Corresponding To Franche-comte And Part Of Burgundy. Before The Arrival Of Caesar In Gaul, The Sequani Had Taken The Part Of The Arverni Against Their Rivals The Aedui, And Hired ...
Sequence Dating
Sequence Dating. A Sequence Date (adopted In Ger Many As Staffelzahl) Is A Dating By Relation To Things Earlier And Later In Arbitrary Units, Not By Years. All History Is Mainly Con Cerned With The Order Of Events; The Dates A.d. Are Of Much Less Consequence Than The Connection Of ...
Sequoia
Sequoia, A Genus Of Conifers (see Gymnosperms) Forming One Of Several Surviving Links Between The Firs And The Cypresses. The Two Species Are Evergreen Trees Of Immense Size, Indigenous To The West Coast Of North Amer Ica. Both Bear Their Round Or Ovoid Male Catkins At The Ends Of The ...
Serapion Or Sarapion
Serapion Or Sarapion (fl. C. 35o), Bishop Of Thmuis In The Nile Delta And A Prominent Supporter Of Athanasius In The Struggle Against Arianism (sometimes Called, For His Learning, Scholasticus), Is Best Known In Connection With A Prayer-book Or Sacramentary Intended For The Use Of Bishops. This Document, Contained In ...
Serapis
Serapis, A Famous Graeco-egyptian God. The Statue Of Serapis In The Serapeum Of Alexandria Was Of Purely Greek Type And Workmanship—a Hades Or Pluto Enthroned With A Basket Or Corn Measure On His Head, A Sceptre In His Hand, Cerberus At His Feet, And (apparently) A Serpent. It Was Proclaimed ...
Serbia
Serbia (srbiya), Formerly An Inland Kingdom Of South Eastern Europe, Situated In The North Of The Balkan Peninsula, Now Incorporated In Yugoslavia (q.v.). The Frontier, As Defined By The Berlin Treaty Of 1878, Was, Roughly Speaking, Indicated By Rivers In The North, And By Mountains In The South. In The ...
Serbian Campaigns
Serbian Campaigns The 1914 Opera Tions And The Conquest Of Serbia In 1915 Are Described Below, While An Account Is Given Of The Allied Operations In Macedonia, 1915-8, And Of The Reconquest Of Serbia, Under The Heading Salonika Campaigns. Jadar Operations, And Cer Battle: Aug. 16-24.—north Serbia Is A Mountainous ...
Serbo Bulgarian War 1885
Serbo-bulgarian War (1885). The Berlin Congress Of 1878, By Its Revision Of The Treaty Of San Stefano, Created Two States In The Balkan Peninsula : The Principality Of Bulgaria, Own Ing A Nominal Suzerainty To Turkey, And The Autonomous Province Of Eastern Rumelia, Presided Over By A Turkish Governor-general, And ...
Serbo Croat Language And Literature
Serbo-croat Language And Literature. Apart From The Occasional Differences That Are To Be Found In Vocabulary And Also, To A Slight Extent, In Grammatical Usage, The Serb And Croat Literary Languages Are Identical, Although The Former Is Written In The Cyrillic And The Latter In The Latin Alphabet. The Spoken ...
Serenus
Serenus "of Antissa," Greek Geometer, Probably Not Of Antissa But Of Antinoeia Or Antinoupolis, A City In Egypt Founded By Hadrian, Lived Most Probably In The 4th Century, Between. Pappus And Theon Of Alexandria. Two Treatises Of His Have Sur Vived, Viz., On The Section Of The Cylinder And On ...
Serfdom
Serfdom. The Notion Of Serfdom Is Distinct From Those Of Freedom And Of Slavery. The Serf Is Not His Own Master : To Perform Services For Other Persons Is The Essence Of His Status, But He Is Not Given Over To His Lord To Be Owned As A Thing Or ...
Serge
Serge. A General Term Denoting Several Varieties Of Worsted Twill Fabrics, But More Particularly That Employed For Men's Suit Ings And Women's Costume, Dress And Coating Fabrics. Serge Fabrics Are Produced With A Distinct Twill Weave And Are Of A Coarser And Somewhat Rougher Texture Than The Lighter Grades Of ...
Serghei Dmitrievich Sazonov
Sazonov, Serghei Dmitrievich Russian Statesman, Was Born In The Province Of Ryazan, July 29, 1866, The Son Of A Landed Proprietor, And Educated At The Alexandrovsky Lyceum, St. Petersburg (leningrad), A High School For The Sons Of Noblemen Destined Mainly For The Civil Service. Having Occupied Various Diplomatic Posts In ...
Sergipe
Sergipe, A Small Atlantic State, North-eastern Brazil (origi Nally Sergipe D'el-rey). Its Area Is 8,319 Sq.m. Its Population In 193o Was 547,965, Three-fourths Of Which Were Half-castes And Ne Groes. The Sao Francisco Forms Its Northern Boundary, And The Drainage Of The Northern Part Of The State Is Northward And ...
Sergwevo
Sergwevo (now Zagorsk), A Town Of Russia In The Prov Ince Of Moscow, In 56° 23' N., 38° 5' E. It Grew Up Around The Monastery Or Lavra Of Troitsko-sergiyevskaya, One Of The Most Important Architectural And Historic Relics Of The Russian Middle Ages. It Was Formerly Greatly Venerated In ...
Sericulture
Sericulture The Art Of Sericulture Concerns Itself With The Rearing Of Silk Worms Under Artificial Or Domesticated Conditions, Their Feeding, The Formation Of Cocoons, The Securing Of These Before They Are Injured And Pierced By The Moths, And The Maturing Of A Sufficient Number Of Moths To Supply Eggs For ...
Series
Series. The Following Notations Will Be Used Freely Through Out This Article. The Modulus Of X, Denoted By Means The Solute Numerical Value Of X, When X Is Real; And When X Is Complex Of The Form It Means The Positive Square Root Of The Expression F(x)—>l, X-->a, Means That ...
Serjeant Or Sergeant
Serjeant Or Sergeant, The Title (i) Of A Non-com Missioned Officer In The Army And Of A Subordinate Officer Of Police To Which The Spelling "sergeant" Now Applies; The Designation Also, With The Spelling "serjeant," Of (2) Certain Officials Of The Royal Household And (3) The Name Formerly Given To ...
Serjeants At Law Or Servientes Ad
Serjeants-at-law Or Servientes Ad Le Gem Constituted The Highest Order Of Counsel At The English And Irish Bar. The Title Is Said By Coke To Have Been Introduced Into England By William The Conqueror With Other Titles Of Serjeanty (q.v.). However This May Be, Bracton, Writing C. 1250-58, Says That ...
Serjeanty
Serjeanty. Tenure By Serjeanty Was A Form Of Land Holding Under The Feudal System, Intermediate Between Tenure By Knight-service (q.v.) And Tenure In Socage. It Originated In The Assignation Of An Estate In Land On Condition Of The Performance Of A Certain Duty, Which Can Hardly Be Described More Exactly ...
Serpent Cults
Serpent Cults. Common Belief Associated Serpents, Dragons And Other Monsters With The Guardianship Of Treasure Or Wealth; Comp., E.g., The Golden Apples Of The Hesperides, And The Egyptian Osiris, And The Indian Krishna And Indra. Serpents Adorned With Necklaces Of Jewels Or With Crowns Were Familiar In Old Susperstition, And ...
Serpentine
Serpentine, In Mineralogy The Name For A Group Of Min Erals Of The Composition Probably Crystallizing In The Rhombic System. According To The Habit And Optical Proper Ties Of The Crystals, Varieties Are Known Under Different Names, The Fibrous Types Including Chrysotile, Metaxite And Picrolite And A Platy Variety Is ...
Serum Therapy
Serum Therapy. Serum Therapy Consists In The Intro Duction Into The Patient Of Blood Serum Containing Specific Anti Bodies, Preformed In Some Other Animal, Which Will (a) Neutralise The Toxins Produced By The Corresponding Infecting Bacteria Or (b) Destroy The Corresponding Bacteria Themselves—thus Estab Lishing A Condition Of "passive" Immunity ...
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius, Sixth Legendary King Of Rome (s78 534 B.c.). According To One Account He Was The Son Of The Household Genius (lar) And A Slave Named Ocrisia, Of The House Hold Of Tarquinius Priscus. He Married A Daughter Of Tarquinius And Succeeded To The Throne By The Contrivance Of ...
Sesostris
Sesostris, The Name Of A Legendary King Of Egypt. Accord Ing To Herodotus, Diodorus Siculus (who Calls Him Sesoosis) And Strabo, He Conquered The Whole World, Even Scythia And Ethiopia, Divided Egypt Into Administrative Districts Or Nomes, Was A Great Lawgiver, And Introduced A System Of Caste And The Worship ...
Sessa Aurunca
Sessa Aurunca, A Town And Episcopal See Of Campania, Italy, In The Province Of Naples, On The South-west Slope Of The Extinct Volcano Of Rocca Monfina, 27 M. By Rail W.n.w. Of Caserta And 201 M. E. Of Formia By The Branch Railway To Sparanise, 666 Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. ...
Sestina
Sestina, A Most Elaborate Form Of Verse, Employed By The Mediaeval Poets Of Provence And Italy, And Occasionally Used By Modern Poets. The Scheme Was The Invention Of The Troubadour, Arnaut Daniel (d. 1199), Who Wrote Many Sestinas In The Lingua Di Si. Dante, A Little Later, Wrote Sestinas In ...
Setia
Setia (mod. Sezze, 44 M. By Rail S. E. Of Rome), An Ancient Town Of Latium (adjectum), Italy, On The South-west Edge Of The Volscian Mountains, Overlooking The Pomptine Marshes, 1,047 Ft. Above Sea-level, And Over Goo Ft. Above The Plain. It Was An Ancient Volscian Town, Which Became A ...
Seton
Seton (family). The Scottish Family Of Seton, Seyton Or Seatoun, Claims Descent From A Dougall Seton Who Lived In The Reign Of Alexander I. The Family Honours Include The Earldoms Of Wintoun (cr. 160o) And Dunfermline; Of Eglinton Through Marriage With The Montgomeries; And Through Alliance With A Gordon Heiress ...
Settlement
Settlement, In Law, A Mutual Arrangement Between Liv Ing Persons For Regulating The Enjoyment Of Property, And The In Strument By Which Such Enjoyment Is Regulated. Settlements May Be Either For Valuable Consideration Or Not. The Latter Are Usually Called Voluntary, The Former Are Really Contracts, And In General Their ...
Sevastopol Or Sebastopol
Sevastopol Or Sebastopol, A Natural Harbour Of Russia In Crimean A.s.s.r., On The South-west Coast, In 37' N., 33° 35' E., Connected By Rail With Moscow Via Kharkov. It Is Available At All Times For Large Steamers, And Has A Depth Of 36 To 24o Ft. Over The Whole Port. ...
Seven Days Battle
Seven Days' Battle, A Name Given To A Series Of Combats In The Neighbourhood Of Richmond, Va., During The American Civil War, June 26–july 2, 1862. The Federal Army Of The Potomac, Advancing Up The Yorktown Peninsula To White House On The Pamunkey And Thence Over The Chickahominy On Richmond, ...
Seven Years War 1756 1763
Seven Years' War (1756-1763), The Name Given To The European War Which Arose From The Formation Of A Coalition Between Austria, France, Russia, Sweden And Saxony Against Prussia, With The Object Of Destroying, Or At Least Crippling, The Power Of Frederick The Great. Prussia Was Joined By England, And Between ...
Severn
Severn (welsh, Hafren, Roman, Sabrina), A River Of Wales And England. It Rises On The North-east Side Of Plynlimmon, On The South-west Border Of Montgomeryshire, And Flows With A Nearly Semicircular Course Of About 210 Tm To The Bristol Channel. Its Course Is At First In A South-east Direction, And ...
Seville
Seville, The Capital Of The Spanish Province Of Seville, And The Chief City Of Andalusia, On The Left Bank Of The River Guadal Quivir, 54 M. From The Atlantic Ocean, And 355 M. By Rail S.s.w. Of Madrid. Pop. (1930) 228,729. Seville Is An Archiepiscopal See, A Port With Many ...
Sewage Disposal
Sewage Disposal. The Following Methods Are Utilized For The Ultimate Disposal Of Sewage:— (a) Direct Discharge Into The Sea Or Tidal Estuary, (b) Treatment On Land, (c) Treatment On Artificial Beds, (d) Aeration And Agitation, (e) Tank Treatment. Methods (b), (c), (d) And (e) Are Used Inland And Are Necessary ...