23. .Nicrnber.—The organ of this faculty is placed at the outer extremity of the eye brows and angle of the eye. It occasions, when large, a fullness or breadth of that part of the head, and often pushes downward the external corner of the eye. When it is small, the part is flat and narrow between the eye and the temple. Dr. Gall called the faculty Zes seas des rapports des hombres (the sense of the relations of numbers), and assigned to it not only arithmetic, but mathematics in general. Dr. Spurzheim more correctly limits its functions to arithmetic, algebra, and logarithms; geometry being the products of other faculties, particularly size and locality. Dr. Gall first observed the organ in a boy who could multiply anti divide, mentally, ten or twelve by three figures, in lesstime than expert arithmeticians could with their pencils. Many such examples arc on record.
29. Order.—The organ of this faculty is said to be large in those who are remarkable for love of method, neatness, arrangement, and symmetry, and are annoyed by confu sion and irregularity. In savages, whose habits are slovenly, and disgusting, the organ is comparatively small.
30. Erentaality.—The organ is situated in the very center of the forehead, and when large, gives to this part of the head a rounded prominency. Individuality has been called the faculty of nouns; eventuality is the faculty of verbs. The first perceives merely things that exist; the other, motion, change, event, history. The most powerful knowing minds have a large endowment of both individuality and eventuality; and such persons, even with a moderate refit e.ing capability, are the clever men in society—the acute men of business—the ready practical lawyers. The organ of eventuality is gener ally well developed In children, and their appetite for stories corresponds.
31. Time.—Some persons are called -walking time-pieces; they can tell the hour without looking at a watch; and some even can do so, nearly, when waking in the night. The impulse to mark time is too common, too natural, and too strong, not to be the result of a faculty; his an element in the love of dancing, almost universal in both savage and civilized man.
32. 7une.—The organ of tune is large in great musicians; and when it is small, there is an utter incapacity to distinguish either melody or harmony. The great bulk of man kind possess it in a moderate endowment, so as to be capable of enjoying music in some degree. Those in whom it is large and active become, in all stages of society, dis tinguished artists, exercising a peculiar power over their fellow-creatures, so as to rouse, melt, soothe, and gratify them at pleasure.. But the gift, in this active form, is liable to
he much modified aecordina. as it is accompanied by adhesiveness, combativeness, ideal ity, benevolence, wit, anti other faculties.
33. Language.—The comparative facility with which different men clothe their thoughts in words, and learn to tweet them by heart, depends on the size of the organ of language. which is situated on the super-orbitar plate, immediately over the eyeball, and when large, pushes the eye outwards, and sometimes downwards, producing, in the latter case, a wrinkling or pursing of the lower eyelid. Verbal memory is strong or weak, without relation to the strength or weakness of the memory of things, forms, or numbers.
The perceptive organs are for the most part called into activity by external objects; but internal causes often excite them, and objects are then perceived which have no external existence, but which, nevertheless, the individual may believe to be real. This is time explanation of visions and ghosts, and of the fact that two persons never see the Caine specters at the same time. Excess or disease in the organ of wonder predisposes to belief in the marvelous and supernatural, and probably stimulates the perceptive organs into action, when spectral illusions are the consequence.
34. Compa•ison.—Dr. Gall discovered the organ of this faculty in a man of science who reasoned chiefly by means of analogies and comparisons, and rarely by logical deductions. The middle of the upper part of his forehead was very prominent. The precise nature of the faculty has been much disputed among phrenologists, but they seem to agree that the perception of analogy depends upon it. Every faculty, we are told, can compare its own objects: coloring can compare colors; weight, weights; form, forms; tune, sounds: hut comparison can compare a color with a note, or a form with a weight, etc. Analogy is a comparison not of things, but of their relations.
31 Causality.—This is regarded as the highest and noblest of the intellectual powers. Dr. Spurzheim so named it from believing that it traces the connection between cause and effect, and recognizes the relation of ideas to each other in respect of necessary con sequence. Some metaphysicians have held that we have no idea of cans*, but see only sequence, or one event following another. See CAUSE. It is true that we do see sequence; but we have a third idea—that of power, agency, or efficiency, existing in some way in the antecedent, to produce the consequent. Whence do we get this third idea ?—from a distinct faculty, causality. It is a large ingredient in wisdom.