Ph
Ph I Ladelphace/e. Lindl. The Syringe Tribe Of Plants, Comprising The Genus Philadelphus, The Buzru, Mudnu, Zhoang Of The Sutlej, Appear To Be The Species P. Tomentosus ; Grows At From 8000 To 9500 Feet, And Is Stated To Be Used For I'liilipiea Galotropid Is. Stewart. Blium-plior, . . Hind. ...
Physalis Somnifera G
Physalis Somnifera. G. Don. Var. A. Physalis Flexuosa, Linn. P. Somniferum, Var. Flexuosa, Hort. Cal. Phyllanthus Urinaria, Linn. Ashwagundha, . . Beng. Arakalang, . . . Tan. Flexuoso Winter Cherry. Amukanam, . . „ Asgandh, Kaknuj, Hind. Penneru Aswagandhi, Tel. Pevetti, . . . Maleal. Pilli Vendram, . . „ ...
Pilgrim Ages
Pilgrim Ages Are Extensively Made By Hindus, And Regarded As Very Meritorious. Of All The Holy Cities Of The Hindus, Benares Takes The First Place ; But The Shrines At Hardwar In The Himalaya, Dwaraka In Gujerat, Jaganath In Orissa, Panderpur On The Kistna, Tripati In N. Arcot, Srirangam Near ...
Pimpinella
Pimpinella, A Genus Of Plants Of The Natural Order Apiacem, Of Which Are Known P. Anisum, P. Candolleana, P. Involucrata, And P. Lecheuaultii. Pimpinella Anisum, Linn., Aniseed, Anise. Anisun, . . . Arab. . Pers. Mahood, . . Beng. Awak Pushpi, . Sansk. Tsa-moun Tsa Bah, Dorm. Karava Sataphaspha, „ ...
Pin17s
Pin17s, A Genus Of Trees Belonging To The Natural Order Pinacem Of Lindley, The Coniferm Of Jussieu, The Fir Tribe Of Plants. Cone-bearing Pines With Long Leaves, Like The Common Scotch Fir, Are Found As Far South As The Equator, In Arakan, The Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Japan, And S. ...
Pinda Sansk
Pinda. Sansk. A Ball Of Food Offered At The Srad'has Of Hindus To The Pitri Or Manes. They Are Made Of Boiled Rice, Scsaznum Seeds, Honey, Butter ; Also, At Times, Various Pulses, Cereal Grains, Water, Frankincense, Sugar, And Milk. Also Said To Mean Food Prepared The Day After A ...
Pindara Or
Pindara Or Pindari, Who Ravaged India From The Middle Of The 18th To The Earlier Part Of The 19th Century, Were Of Every Origin, But The Term Was Taken From The Beder Race, Who Extend From The Kistna Southwards Into The Mysore Country, Where They Hold Lands. A Small Body ...
Pine Apple
Pine-apple, Ananassa Sativa Or Bromelia Minas. Nanat, Nannah-thi, Bum Pins, . . Of Philippines. Pandang, . • Celenes• Nay, Sgau. Piin Appel, • Dut., Rus. Separat, . . • Siam. Annus°, . . . . It. Anasi, . . . Singh. . . . Malar. Annals Tam. Kohla Chika, . ...
Piney Tree
Piney Tree, Vateria Indica, L., The Elseo Carpus Copalliferus, Retz, Is A Lofty Tree Of Malabar, Which Produces The Piney Varnish, The Piney Resin Or White Dammer, Indian Copal Or Gum Anime, And The Piney Tallow Or Dupada Oil, And The Timber Is An Excellent Building Wood. The Tree Grows ...
Pinjrapol Iiind
Pinjrapol. Iiind. In India, An Hospital For Sick Animals. The Account Given By Pietro De In Valle, Who Visited India 1614-1e23, Shows How Very Ancient This Asylum Is. ' The Same Day Of Our Arrival,' Says He, ' After We Had Dined And Rested A While, We Caused Ourselves To ...
Piper Longum
Piper Longum. Linn. Long Pepper. Chavica Roxburghii, Mig. Dar Filfil, . . . . Arab. Chabai Jaws, . . Malay. Pipool , Bend. L'ipal, Maghz,pipal, Pers. Peik Khy-en, . Bum. Pilpil, Filfil-i-daraz, „ Piperi, . . . . Gr. Dar-filfil, . • Si Pipol, Pipula Moola, Hind. Pippalu, Krishna, Sanse. ...
Piper Nigrum
Piper Nigrum. Linn. Black Pepper Vine. Filfil Aswad, . . Arab. Filfil Gird, . . 3iaricha, Gol-mirch,13m0, Pilpil, „ Nga-yok-koung, . Beau. Kolukung. March% Itors K. Piperi, . . Ga. Of „ Kala-mirch, . . Iiind. I Gammiris, . . Sixon. Gol-mirch, „ Ilabarce, . . . Syrian. Choca Mirch, ...
Piracy
Piracy Is Described In The Earliest Malay Romances, And Is Spoken Of In Glorifying The Brave Deeds Of Their Ancestors. Piracy Has Always Been Frequent Along The Coasts Of China. Pirates Continue To Infest The Sulu Sea And The Southern Ports Of The Philippines. They Come In The Middle Of ...
Pistacia
Pistacia, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Natural Order Anacardiacen. Seeds Solitary, Each Without Albumen. The Species Are— P. Atlantica, Desf., P. Cabulica, Stocks, Sind. P. Integerrima, H. F. Et T., N.w. Himalaya. P. Lentiscus, L., S. Europe, N. Africa. P. Terebinthus, L., Yoigt, S. Europe, N. Africa. Pistacia ...
Pitar
Pitar, Father, Is Derived From The Sanskrit Root Pa, Which Means To Protect, To Support, To Nourish. The Father, As Genitor, Was Called In Sanskrit Ganitar, But As Protector And Supp9rter Of His Offspring He Was Called Pitar ; Hence, An The Veda, These Two Names Are Used Together, In ...
Pitcher Plants
Pitcher Plants Are Of The Natural Order Nepentlia,cem, And There Are Several Species In Ceylon, The Khassya, The Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, And Borneo. N. Rajah, N. Lowii, N. Edwardsiana, Are All Borneon Species. Other Known Species Are N. Ampullacea, Dis Tillatoria, Icevis, Phyllamphora, And Rafilesiana. They Are Quite Common ...
Piti
Piti And Hungrung Are Two Valleys In The Himalaya. That Of The Piti River Is Entered From Kanawar By The Huugrung Pass, Elevated 14,800 Feet ; The Parang Pass, 18,500, Leads Over The Range Dividing The Parang From The Piti Rivers. The District Of Piti, Which Was Formerly Almost Independent, ...
Plantain
Plantain, Banana, Musa Paradisiaca. Mauz, . . . . Arab. Pisang, . . . . Malay. Biyu, Bali. Vellakai, Pesang, Maleal. Ng-byet-praw, Burl Mama, . . . . Pers. Nep-yan, . . „ Kehl Kang, . . Sisal?. Manz, Kayla, . Hind. Valie Pallam, . • . Tail Cadang, Jav ...
Plata Its Orientals
Plata Its Oriental's. Linn. Doolb, . . . . Pues. Chinar, . Pern. I Bunk Bum, Bonin, Pan,. The Oriental Plane Is Indigenous In Asia Minor And In Most Of The Countries Of The Levant, And It Ex Tends Into Kashmir. Ancient Greeks And Romans Prized It Particularly For The ...
Plocaria Candida
Plocaria Candida. Nees. Eucheuma Spinosa, —? Kyouk Puen,.. . Born. I Ceylon Moss, . . Eng. Hai-tsai, Liai-tsau, Chin. Agar-agar, . .. Matey. This Is Abundant On The East Coast Of The Bay Of Bengal. The Chinese Name Hai-tsai Means Sea Vegetable, And Is Applied To All The Alpo Used ...
Plumbago
Plumbago, Black Lead, Graphite. Blyant, . . . Dan. Tshernyi Karandash, Rue. Potloot , Hut. Lapiz Plomo, . . Sp. Plombagine ; Potelot, Fr. Carburetto De Hierro, „ Reisblei Pottloth, . Ger. Engelsk Blyerts, . Sw. Piombaggine,. . . Ir. Plumbago, A Carburet Of Iron, Is Used For Making Leads ...
Podocarpus
Podocarpus, A Genus Of The Yew Tribe, Large Timber Trees Of The East And West Indies, The Archipelago, South Africa, And South America. P. Polystachys, B. Br. Nepal, Khassya, Malacca, Singapore, China, Japan. P. Elongatus, P. Chinensis, Swt., China. P. Cupressina, R. Br., Penang, Java. P. Macrophylla, Wall. ; P. ...
Poetry
Poetry. The Poetry Of The Hindus Is Rich, High, And Varied, Abounding In Luxuriant Descrip Tions, And Occasionally Displaying Both Grandeur And Tenderness ; But It Is Often Rendered Dull By Repetition And Bombast, And Deformed By An Indelicacy Unknown To Europeans. Paradise Regained Says— ' They Loudest Sing The ...
Pogostemon Patchouli
Pogostemon Patchouli. Pella. Pogostemon Interruedius, Botta. Pachouli, Patchy Pat, Iteso. I Kottani, :vale.al, Tay. A Labiate Plant Used As An Ingredient To Mix With Tobacco For Smoking, Also For Scenting Women's Hair. It Is Found In Every Bazar Through Out India. It Grows In Sylhet, Penang, And The Malay Peniesula, ...
Poison
Poison. Tuh-yoh, . . Chin. Gift Ger. Lau-hway-jin-tih-yoh, „ Zahr, . . Hind , Pers. Kwan-yob, . .. . , Veleno, Poison, Venin, . . 'fr. Veneno, Sp. A Poison Used By Suicides In British India Is Opium Mixed With Sweet Oil. The Ordinary Plant Used To Stupefy Is The ...
Polo
Polo, The Family Name Of Three Travellers Into Central Asia And China. In The Year 1'266, Nicolo And Maffeo Polo, The Father And Uncle Of Marco Polo, Were At Constantinople, Whither They Had Gone From Venice With Their Merchants' Wares. Having Laid In A Store Of Jewels, They Resolved To ...
Poly Pe Or
Poly Pe Or Polyp, A Class Of The Animal Kingdom. The Name Is From The Greek Vratiroti;, Meaning Many-footed, And Usually Comprises The Animals Of All Zoophytes. Some Species, Like The Hydra, Float About In The Water Separately, Or Are, Like The Ane Mone, On Rocks; But Others Secrete A ...
Polyandry
Polyandry. As A Rule, Throughout The South And East Of Asia, Woman Is Monandric, Living With One Husband, But There Have Been Polyandrists In The Same Region From The Most Ancient Times Till The Present Day. It Has Been Supposed By Some Writers That Polyandry Was Peculiar To No Division ...
Polygamy
Polygamy. Although Polygamy Is Sanc Tioned By The Laws Of The Muliammtulan Religion Ists, By The Customs Of The Chinese, The Cochin Chinese, The Siamese. And, In Particular Circum Stances, Amongst The Hindus, The People Generally Are In Practice Monogamic. Throughout The Hebrew Scriptures (genesis Xii. 15, Xxi. ; Esther ...
Polygar
Polygar, Properly Palegara, Is Derived From The Tamil Palifun, A Fort, And Karan, A Defender, Plural Karar. In Southern India, In The Time Of Orme, It Was A Term Applied To The Semi-independ Ent Chiefs In Mountainous And Woodland Districts Of The Tamil Region. Of These Were Aryalore, Bangar Yatcham, ...
Polynesia
Polynesia. By Modern Geographers, Poly Nesia, In Its Widest Extension, Has Been Understood To Include The Numerous Islands Which Lie In The Pacific To The East Of The Philippines, Moluccas, And Australia, And Stretch Away To Within A Few Tlegre,!s Of The West Coast Of America. So De Fined, This ...
Pongol
Pongol, The First Day Of The Tamil Year, A Tamil Festival, About The Llth January, When The Sun Enters Capricorn, And Is The Greatest Of The Unseetarian Festivals Of The Hindus. The Pongol Is Nothing Else But The Pagan Feast For The Birth Of Mithras. The Last Presents The Allegory ...
Pooh
Pooh, Puhn, Or Peon, A Commercial Term, De Rived From The Malay Language, But Applied By Natives Of India And Europeans To The Timber Of Several Distinct Trees Used For Masts And Spars. Dr. Roxburgh Says, Calophyllum Angustifolium, A Native Of Penang And Of Countries Eastward Of The Bay Of ...
Poona
Poona, A Town And Military Cantonment In The Dekhan, Which Gives Its Name To A Revenue District, Lying Between Lat. 17° 54' And 19° 23' N., And Between Long. 73° 24' And 75° 13' E., With 1111 Area Of 5348 Square Miles ; Population In 1881 Was 900,621. It Is ...
Poppy
Poppy, Papaver Somnifertun. Khas-khas, . . Arab. I Chasa Chasa, . . Sansk. Pasto, . . . . Beng. Apayanam, . . „ Yang-tsze-sub, . Chin. The Poppy Is Cultivated In Europe, Egypt, Central Africa, Asia Minor, Persia, In British India, And In China, For Its Products, Viz. The Opium ...
Population Of The Earth
Population Of The Earth. The Esti Mates Must Be Little Better Than Guesses For Africa. For This Continent Dr. Rohlfs Maintains That An Estimate Of 100 Millions Is Quite Enough, While Behm And Wagner Retain The Old Figure Of 200 Millions With Considerable Hesitation. For China, The Most Varied Estimates ...
Populus Euphratica
Populus Euphratica. 0/iv. Hodung, Hotung,ladakh. Bahan,pusw,sum.,t.-ind. Man, Labhan, . Pushtu. I Safeda, Sperawan, „ The Tree Of The Banks Of Euphrates, Has Been Found By Griffith, Stocks, And Others On The Banks Of The Chenab And Indus, In Sind And Malian, Also At Intervals Along The Valley Of The Indus, ...
Porcelain
Porcelain. Tse-ki, Chin. I Cheni-kam, Gus., Hind. Porcelaine, . . Fr. Poreellana, . . It. Porzelan, . . . Geu. Poreelana, . . . Sp. Very Fine Earthenware, White, Semi-transpar Ent, And Sometimes Beautifully Coloured And Gilt. Chinese Porcelain Of An Exceedingly Fine Texture .has Long Been Renowned ; But ...
Porcupine
Porcupine Saru, Beng. Porco Spinaso, . . It. . . Fr. Salendra, . . Mum. Stachelschwein, Ger. Puerco Espin, . . Sp. Saori, Gus. Yeddu Pindi, . Tel. Sarsel, . . . Hind. Porcupine, In Europe, Asia, And Africa, Is A Name Of Several Species Of The Genera Hystrix And ...
Portax Pictus
Portax Pictus. Jerdon. The Antilope Pieta, Pallas. I Tragelaplau Hippelapbus, A. Tragocamelue, Pall. °gay. Damalis Risia, Sm., Elliot. Maravi, . . . Can. I Itejb, Gurayi, Guriya, Gont). Slanu-potv, . . . Roz, Hind., Maim. The Nil-gai Belongs To The Sub-family Antilopinai And Family Bovidm. It Is Found Throughout India ...
Portugal
Portugal, A Kingdom In Europe, With Pos Sessions In South-east Asia. It Occupies The South Western Portion Of The Spanish Peninsula, And Is Situated Between Lat. 55' And 42° 6', And Between The 7th And 10th Degrees Of W. Long. Greatest Breadth, About 150 English Miles, And Greatest Length About ...
Porus
Porus Was Of The Race Of The Puru Or Pau Rava Kings, To Which In The Time Of Alexander Two Princely Rkces Belonged. They Were The First Purely Indian Race Known To Europe. Colonel Tad Derives The Name From Puar, Once The Most Powerf U I And Conspicuous Tribe In ...
Postin
Postin, A Body Coat, A Fur Cloak Or Coat, A Sheepskin Coat Or Vest, Much Worn In Afghanistan. The Sheepskin Is Prepared With The Wool On After Being Curried, And The Wool Cleaned With Soap And Combed, The Skin Is Stretched On Boards By Means Of Nails At The Corners,' ...
Potash
Potash, Potashes, Pearl-ash. Shili-kien, Carbonate Of Potash, &vet. Hwui Kien, Klua, Jowkshar, . Lion . Potaske,. . Dan. Manu•uppu, . Tail, Muir Ka Nsmak, . Potash Is A Commercial Term Commonly Applied To An Impure Carbonate Of Potash, Obtained By The Incineration Of Wood, Lixiviating The Ashes In Barrels, First ...
Potato
Potato. Yang-sbu, Tu-yu, . Chin. Baru, . . Port. Ho-lan-shu, . . . „ Kartofel, . . . . Rus. Aardappel, . . . Hut. Patata, . . . . „ Pomme-de•terre, . . Fr. Ruta Innala, . . Singh. Kartoffel, • . . Ger. Patatas Manchegas, Sr. Puttata, Alu, ...
Potentilla
Potentilla, A Genus Of Plants Of The Order Rosacero. I'. Atrosauguinea, Of Europe, Is A Her Baceous Plant, Handsome When In Flower, And Easily Raised From Seed, Or By Dividing The Roots. P. Denticulosa, Royle, Is Common In The Plains Of Northern India In The Cold Season, At Elevationa Of ...
Pottery
Pottery. Poteric, Fr. I Alfar, Sp Topferarbert, . . Ger. The Art Of Making Vessels Of Baked Earth Is Also Known As Ceramic Work, From The Greek Clay. It Has Been Known To All Races From The Earliest Times, And Some Of Them 4000 Years Ago Attained To Great Perfection. ...
Povindah
Povindah Are A Trading Tribe On The N.w. Frontier Of British India, Conducting All The Mercan Tile Transactions Between British India And Central Asia. They Are Pastoral In Their Habits, But Portions Of Their Clans Carry Goods To Dehli, Cawnpur, Benares, And Other Parts Of India, And To Ghazni, Kalat-i-ghilzai, ...
Pra Sa Da Sansk
Pra Sa Da. Sansk. Pragadilam. Prasada, In The Vaishnava Sect Of Hindu Religion, Is An Article Of Food, Consecrated By Previous Presenta Tion To An Idol, After Which It Is Distributed Amongst The Worshippers On The Spot, Or Sent To Persons Of Consequence At Their Own Homes. It Was The ...
Prahu Malay
Prah.u. Malay. A Ship Or Lugger ; Also Written Prow. The Boats Of The Straits Of Malacca, China, Archipelago, Are The Prahu, Sampan, Lorcha, Pukat, And Tong-kong Or Ting King. In The Eastern Archipelago, The Generic Name For A Boat Or Vessel, Large Or Small, Is Prahu, A Word Almost ...
Prajna
Prajna, In Buddhism, Means Wisdom, Under Standing, Or Foreknowledge. The Author Of The Ashta Saliariska Thus Addresses Prajna : ' Thou Mighty Object Of My Worship ! Thou Prajna Art The Sum Of All Good Qualities, And Buddha Is The Guru Of The World.' The Author Of The Puja Kand ...
Pramara
Pramara, Properly Paramara, One Of The Four Agnicula Rajput Tribes. Of Their Thirty-five Sacra Are— Mori, Of Which Was Chandragupta And The Princes Of Chitore Prior To The Gehlot. Soda, Sogdi Of Alexander, The Princes Of Dhat In The Indian Desert. Sankla, Chiefs Of Poogul, And In Marwar. Khyr, Capital ...
Pran Pralap
Pran-pralap. There Arose In Nadiya, In Bengal, In The Beginning Of The Lath Century, A Hindu Reformer Who Was Destined To Wield Immense Influence On The Masses. Chaitanya Flourished During The Time Of Kasinatha, And When Sayyul Husain Sharif Of Mecca Reigned In Gaur Under The Title Of Sultan Ala-ud-din ...
Prangos Pabularia
Prangos Pabularia. Lindley. Fitrasuliun, Fitura, Pusa.f Prangos, . . . Pushtu. Petrasoleum, . . . „ Kornai, . . . „ This Plant Grows South From Iskardo, In Western Ladakh At 10,000 Feet, In Parts Of Kashmir At 5000 To 6000 Feet. It Is Found Above Vernag, Where Moorcroft Also ...
Prayaga
Prayaga, The Modern Allahabad, Also Called Pratishthana And Triveni. It Is Described In Ancient Hindu Writings As At The Confluence Of The Yamuna And Ganges, On The Bank Of The Latter ; It Would Seem, Therefore, So Late As The Composition Of The Drama Of The Hero And The Nymph, ...
Precious Stones
Precious Stones. Pierre Precieuse, . Fr.gemma, . . . . It. I Edelstein, . . . Ger. Piedra Preciosa, . . .sr. Precious Stones Are Often Termed Gems By Jewellers, Who Thus Designate All Minerals Remark Able For Their Hardness, Lustre, And Beauty ; But Transparency, Brilliancy, Lustre, And Freedom ...
Prem Sagur
Prem Sagur, A Hindi Paraplusae Of The Ilhagrivat Parana. L'resbytis. I Wyer. .a Genus Of Monkeys, The Setunopithecus Of Cutler, The Langur And Ilantunan Monkeys Of The Hindus, 1'. Entellus, Bengal Langur. P. Achistaceus. Himalayan Langur. , P. Priamua. Madras Langur. 1'. Johnii, Malabar Langur. P. Jabatus, Neilglierry Langur. P. ...
Preserved Provisions
Preserved Provisions. The Chief Articles Employed For The Preservation Of Organized Sub Stances Are Salt, Sugar, Oil, Charcoal, Acetic Acid, Or Pyroligneons Acid, And Alcohol And Salt Is Used In The Curing Of Fish Of Different Kinds, Bacon, Hams, Etc., In The Pickling Of Pork, And In The Corning Of ...
Presidency
Presidency Is The Term By Which, In India, The British Designate The Respective Governments Of Bengal, Madras, And Bombay. It Has Its Origin In The Circumstance Of The Administration There Being Conducted By A Council, The Governor For The Time Being Holding The Office Of President. The Presidency Of Bengal ...
Printed Cloths
Printed Cloths. The Art Of Calico-printing Is One Which Was Common To The Ancient Egyp Tians And Indians, And Is Still Largely Practised By The Latter, And With A Skill Which Produces Much To Be Admired, Even In The Midst Of The Productions Of The World, And After Many Attempts ...
Printing
Printing. Tabs, Chaps, Al, Bind. Imprvnta, . . . . Sr. Impression, . . . Fr. 1 :tithe T Ix Drucker. . . . Gen. ? Bums. . . . . Teat:. Impressions, . . . Ir. Sir John Davis Is Of Opinion That The Art Of Printing, The Composition ...
Prithi Raja
Prithi Raja, Also Written Prithivi Raja And Pritwi Raja, A Rajput Prince Of The Chauhan Tribe, Under Whom The Tomara And Chauhan Tribes Were United. Shortly Before The Time Of Shahab-ud-din, The Four Greatest Kingdoms In India Were—dehli, Then Held By The Tomara Rajputs ; Ajmir, By The Chauhan ; ...
Prithivi Or
Prit'hivi Or Urvi, The Goddess Of The Earth, Is By Some Termed A Form Of Lakshmi, By Others Of Parvati. Her Husband Is Prit'hu Produced By Churning The Right Arm Of A Deceased Tyrant Who Had Died Without Issue, That He Might Have A Posthumous Son, Who Is Represented As ...
Procapra Gutturosa
Procapra Gutturosa. —? Antilope Gutturosa, Pallas. I Whang Yang. L)zeren. Yellow Goat Of The Chinese. Hoang Yang. I Is Nearly 4} Feet In Length, And 2i Feet High At The Shoulder ; The Body Also Is Large And Corpu Lent, And The Legs Shorter Than Is Common To The Antelopes ...