Explanation
Explanation. An Event Is Explained When It Is Exhibited As An Instance Of A Law, Or True Universal Proposition. For Example, The Fall Of A Raindrop Is Partly Explained If It Is Regarded As An Example Of The Tendency Of Water To Fall To The Earth, And It Is Still ...
Exploration In America
Exploration In America. As The Routes Followed By Explorers Of North America Were Determined By Its Physical Con Tour, A Brief Geographical Survey Is Necessary To Understand The Progress Of Its Exploration. Thus Considered, The Continent Divides Itself Into Four Geographic Provinces : The Atlantic Coast Region, The Eastern Mountains, ...
Explosive Gelatine
Explosive Gelatine, Blasting Gela Tine Or Gum Dynamite, An Explosive Material Resembling Wine Jelly In Appearance. It Was Invented By Nobel In 1878, • And Consists Of Soluble Cellulose Nitrate Dissolved In Nitrogly Cerin. Originally, The Solution Was Effected By Warming The Nitroglycerin And Adding The Per Fectly Dry Soluble ...
Explosives
Explosives (from Lat. Explosus, P.p. Of Explodere, To Drive Out, To Drive Out A Player With Clapping, To Explode; From Ex, Out + Plaudere, Plodere, To Clap, Strike, Applaud), Are Substances Which Easily React At Comparatively Low Temperatures With The Formation Of A Con Siderable Volume Of Highly Expanded Gas, ...
Exposition
Exposition, Industrial. The Promo Tion Of Trade And Manufactures By Means Of Collections Of Works Of Industry And Art Has No Claim To The Merit Of Novelty. In Modern Times, However, The Idea Has Been More Systematically Carried Out, And Was Probably Suggested By The Good Effects Produced By Two ...
Express Service
Express Service. A Transportation System For Parcels Which Require A Safer And Quicker Delivery Than Can Be Had Through The Common Freight Service. The Creation And Development Of Express Service In The United States And The Extension Of The American Express System, Under Ameri Can Control, Throughout The Length And ...
Expression
Expression. Our Mental States, And Particularly Our Emotions, Are Closely Linked With Certain Muscular And Physiological Asso Ciates, Which Are Exhibited In Perhaps The Great Est Detail And Variety By The Muscles And Blood Vessels Of The Face. These Associates Are De Nominated Expressions; They Include Not Only The Visible ...
Expulsion
Expulsion. 'usually This Word Is Used To Descrthe The Act Of Depnving One Or More Members Of A Political Or Corporate Organiza Tion, Or Of A Society, Of Their Nght Of Member Ship. The Act Is Frequently Brought About By A Vote Of The Organization Or Society After The Submission ...
Extension
Extension. While Our Spatial Experi Ences Undoubtedly Contain Many Elements Which Are Noted For A Peculiarly Spatial Nature, The Predominance Of Psychological Opinion Is That Certain Experiences Possess The Unanalyzable Primitive Attribute Of Extension. Though The Existence Of This Attribute Is Denied By Wundt And Is Attributed To All Sensations ...
Extenuating Circumstances
Extenuating Circumstances, In Legal Practice, Those Circumstances, In Connec Tion Either With The Position Of The Prisoner Or With The Act Alone, Which Are Taken Into Con Sideration By The Court In Mitigation Of The Punishment. The Previous Good Character Of The Person Convicted May Always Be Proved As A ...
Extinct Animals
Extinct Animals. Many Animals Which Inhabited The Earth In Bygone Periods Have Entirely Disappeared, Leaving Not Even A Modern Representative Of Their Race. Others, No Doubt, Were Lcnown To Prehistoric Peoples, Con Cerning Which No Record Has Come Down To Us. But Within The Period Of Recorded Observations, Many Animals ...
Extinction
Extinction, Tribal. Certain Broader Inferences As To The Nature Of Arrested Evolution And Extinction Of Races Or Types, Rather Than The Species, Can Be Drawn Only From A Systematic Examination Of The Geologic-paleontologic Rec Ord. It Is Now Clearly Recognized That Periodic Emergence And Subsidence Of The Continents Has Been ...
Extinction Of Species
Extinction Of Species. The An Tithesis Of Evolution Is Extinction. Direct Evo Lution Leads By Insensible Degrees To Replace Ment By Changed Descendants Or To Actual De Cadence And Disappearance Of Types. Study Of The Phenomena Of Elimination Sheds Much Light On The Nature Of Life And The General Evolution ...
Extradition
Extradition Is The Surrender Of A Criminal Who Has Escaped From A Territory Un Der One Government And Taken Refuge In A Terri Tory Under Another Government. Extradition Has Two Specific Meanings In The United States. In The First Place It Refers To The Surrender By One State Government Of ...
Extradition_2
Extradition, Interstate. The New England Confederation Of 1643 Provided For Mutual Extradition Of Criminals Between The Different Provinces.; The Articles Of Confedera Tion Did Likewise; And The Constitution Pro Vides For It Between The States, Which Are Independent Countries In All Save The Functions They Have Resigned To The General ...
Extraterritoriality
Extraterritoriality, In Interna Tional Law, The Privilege Granted To Citizens Of Foreign Powers Of Being Exempt From The Laws Of The Land Of Their Abode And, In General, Of Enjoying The Rights And Privileges Of Their Country Of Origin. In General, The Right To Ex Ercise State Authority And State ...
Extreme Unction
Extreme Unction, A Sacrament Of The Roman Catholic Church For The Bodily And Spiritual Comfort Of The Sick Whose Death Is Deemed To Be Imminent. The Words Of The Apostle Saint James In His Epistle, Ch. V, 14, 15, Any Among You Sick," Etc., Are Interpreted As Relating To This ...
Eyck
Eyck, Jan Van (also Called Jan Van Brugge, Or John Of Bruges), Flemish Painter: B. Maaseyck About 1381; D. Bruges, 9 July 1441. Hubert (q.v.) Gave Him His First Instruction In The Principles Of The Art, And His Talents Were So Rapidly And Vigorously Developed That He Soon Surpassed His ...
Eyde
Eyde, Samu Norwegian Chemist And Iwakitor: B. Arenctal 1860. He Was Educated In His Native And Also 4n Berlin. He Was A Practising Engineer In Norway, Sweden And Germany. With Dr. Christian Birkeland Of Christiana, He Set About Producing Fertilizers From The Air (nitrogen) And Limestone By Elec Tricity. After ...
Eyesight In The Lower
Eyesight In The Lower Ani Mals Presents Some Curious Differences From That In Man And His Nearer Allies. The Rudimentary Eyes Of The Lower Invertebrates Can Hardly Be Of More Service Than To Convey An Impression Of The Difference Between Day And Night; Many Such Come Out Of The Ground, ...
Eyre
Eyre, Ir, Edward, American Financier: B. Dublin, Ireland, 25 March 1851. He Was Edu Cated At The Jesuit School, Belvidere Place, Dr. Quinn's Preparatory School, And At Trinity Col Lege. He Entered The Employ Of Grace Brothers And Company, Becoming Junior Partner In 1876 And Full Partner Four Years Later. ...
Eyre_2
Eyre, Jehu, Colonel In The Continental Army: B. 10 Jan. 1738; D. July 1781. Eyre Is The Name Of A Family That For Seven Centuries Has Been Famous In The English History, The Founder Having Come Over The Sea With Wil Liam The Conqueror. The Legendary Account States That When, ...
Ezekiel
Ezekiel, Moses Jacob, American Sculp Tor: B. Richmond, Va., 28 Oct. 1844. He Was Graduated At The Virginia Military Institute 1866, Having Served In The Confederate Army During The Last Year Of His Course. He Studied Art In Richmond And Cincinnati 1866-70, And Berlin, Germany, 1870-74, Where He Was The ...
Ezekiel
Ezekiel, Book Of. The Third Of The ((major,* Or Longer, Prophetical Books Of The Old Testament, Derives Its Title From Its Author, The Priest-prophet Who Bore The Name Cgod Strengtheneth.* The Hebrew Form Is Repre Sented More Closely In The English Of I Chroni Cles Xxiv, 16 By The Name ...
Ezra
Ezra, The Babylonian Hebrew Priest Sur Named "the Scribe," After Whom, With His Contemporary Nehemiah, The 'books Of Ezra And Nehemiah' Of The Hebrew Canon Are Named. By Permission Of King Artaxerxes I Babylon, As Leader Of 1,754 Of His Country Men He Returned To Jerusalem 458 Lc. On The ...
Ezra Church
Ezra Church (atlanta), Battle Of. On 20 July 1864 The Confederate Army Under General Hood Was Defeated At Peach Tree Creek, And Driven Into The Inner Defenses Of Atlanta. On The 22d Hood Attacked The Army Of The Tennessee, And Was Again Defeated, And General Sherman Began The Investment Of ...
Ezra_2
Ezra, Book Of. For The Discussion Of The Original Union Of Ezra With Nehemiah And Chronicles And For The Date Of The Complete Work, See Chronicles. The Book Of Ezra Covers The History From 537 B.c. To 458, Although Some Would Substitute Another Date For The Latter One. Most Of ...
Fable
Fable (lat. Tabula, A Narrative, Especially A Fictitious One), In Literature, A Term Applied Originally To Every Imaginative Tale, But Confined In Modern Use To Short Stories, Either In Prose Or Verse, Which Are Meant To Inculcate A Moral Lesson In A Pleasant Garb. Imaginary Persons, Animals And Inanimate Objects ...
Fables Of
Fables Of /esop, The Collection Of Old Folklore Or Moralizing Animal Stories, Attributed To The Greek Fabulist Jesop (q.v.) Who Is Said To Have Lived In The 5th And 6th Centuries Ac. His Reputation Is Based On These Amusingly Satirical "beast Stories" With An Apposite Moral, Adapted To Contemporary Events ...
Fabliaux
Fabliaux, Fa-bli-ir (fr. From The Lat. Tabula, A Narrative, Particularly A Fictitious Nar Rative), In French Literature, The Short Metrical Tales Of The Trouveres (q.v.), Belonging For The Most Part In The 12th And 13th Centuries. These Productions Were Intended Merely For Recita Tion, Not For Singing, And Reflected The ...
Fabulas Of Tomas De
Fabulas Of Tomas De Iriarte. In Spite Of The Pronounced Fondness Of The Spaniards For The Moralizing And The Aphoristic In Both Spoken And Written Expression, The Fable As A Distinct Genre Did Not Come To Its Own In The Spanish Language Until The 18th Century. In Translations Of Both ...
Facial Neuralgia
Facial Neuralgia, A Painful Affec Tion Involving The Chief Sensory Nerve Of The Lee; The Trigeminal Or Fifth Nerve. This Neu Ralgia May Involve Any Of The Branches And, Because Of Their Wide Distribution Over The Shoulder, Back Of The Neck, Scalp And Face May Be Felt In A Number ...
Facial Paralysis
Facial Paralysis, A Partial Or Total Loss Of Power In The Muscles Of The Face. One Side Of The Face Alone Is Usually Affected. Paralysis May Result From Any Disease Of Or Injury To The Facial Nerve, Either Inside Of The Skull Proper, Or In Its External Distribution. Paralysis Of ...
Factor Acts
Factor Acts. A Term Applied To A Number Of American And English Statutes Vali Dating Sales, Pledges And Other Business Trans Actions Of Factors With Bona-fide Purchasers, Pledgees, Etc. Among The English Statutes Were Those Enacted In 1823, 1842, 1877 And 1889. The Last-named Statute In Part Extends The Former ...
Factories And Factory In
Factories And Factory In Spection. The American Factory In The Early Days Of The Republic Was An Outgrowth Of The English Factory. In The 18th Century England Was The .centre Of The World's Mechan Ical Progress. She Manufactured Not Only For Great Britain And Her Colonies, But For A Large ...
Factory Management
Factory Management. There Are Two Accepted Uses Of The Word Ufactory,s The Meaning In Any Given Case Depending Largely On The Context, And The Term ((factory Manage Mene Similarly Partakes Of This Usage. As Commonly Used The Term Afactoryo Is Under Stood To Mean A Group Of Elements Made Up ...
Factory System
Factory System, The. Definition. — The Word Factory Seems To Have Been First Used In Its Modern Sense About 1792. Previous To This Time A Factor Had Been An Agent, And All Compound Derivatives Of This Word Had Carried With Them The Idea Of Agentship. But With The New System ...
Faerie
Faerie (frer-6) Queene, The. An Epic Poem By Edmund Spenser, Published In 1590 (books I-iii) And In 1596 (books Iv Vi) ; A Fragment Of Another Book, Consisting Of Two Cantos On "mutability," Was Published In 1609. The Poem Was Planned In 12 Books, Each Book Containing 12 Cantos; Spenser ...
Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit, Fa'ren-hit, Gabriel Daniel, German Physicist: B. Dantzic, 14 May 1686; D. Amsterdam, 16 Sept. 1736. He Settled In Hol Land, Where In 1720 He First Conceived The Idea Of Using Quicicsilver Instead Of Alcohol In Thermometers—a Discovery By Which The Ac Curacy Of The Instrument Was Very Much Im ...
Fair Oaks Seven Pines
Fair Oaks (seven Pines), Battle Of. After The Battle Of Williamsburg (5 May 1862) The Army Of The Potomac, Under General Mcclellan, Advanced Cautiously Up The Penin Sula, Established A Base At White House And 20 May His Advance Crossed The Chickahominy At Bottom's Bridge, And The Entire Fourth Corps ...
Fair Oaks And Darbytown
Fair Oaks And Darbytown Road, Engagement At ( Second Battle Or Fair Oaks). On 27 Oct. 1864, General Grant Began A Movement On The Petersburg Lines To Seize The South-side Railroad, And As A Sup Port To The Movement Had Ordered General Butler To Make A Demonstration North Of James ...
Fairbanks
Fairbanks, Charles Warren, Ameri Can Lawyer And Statesman: B. Near Unionville Centre, Union County, Ohio, 11 May 1852; D. Indianapolis, Ind., 3 June 1918. His Father Was A Verrnonter And Was One Of The Early Pioneers Who Settled In The West In The Middle, 30's And Helped To Hew Out ...
Fairfax
Fairfax, Thomas, Lord, English Gen Eral : B. Denton, Yorkshire, 17 Jan. 1612; D. Nun Appleton, Yorkshire, 12 Nov. 1671. Fairfax Warmly Espoused The Cause Of Parliament, And In April 1642 Presented To Charles A Petition Of The People Imploring Him To Be Reconciled To His Subjects. The Same Year ...
Fairs And Shows
Fairs And Shows. A Fair Is A Peri Odical Meeting Of Merchants In An Open Market Held At A Particular Place And Generally For The Transaction Of A Particular Class Of Busi Ness. The Origin Of Fairs Is Obviously To Be Traced To The Convenience Of Bringing Together At Stated ...
Fairy
Fairy, An Imaginary Being Or Spirit Of Diminutive Size, Supposed Generally To Assume A Human Form, But Appearing Also In Others And Represented As Both Beneficent And Malevolent Toward Mankind. In The Latter Case Diseases Of Cattle Were Frequently Attributed To Their Mis Chievous Operations; And Cattle That Died Sud ...
Fairy Shrimp
Fairy Shrimp, A Phyllopodous Crus Tacean (chirocephalus Diaphanus), Occasionally Found In Fresh-water Ponds In The British Isles. It Is About One Inch In Length And Nearly Transparent. Stories In Which Fairies Play A Part, Or Which Contain Other Super Natural Or Magical Elements Such As Mark The Folk-tales Of 'puss ...
Fairy Tales Of Hans
Fairy Tales Of Hans Chris Tian Andersen. These (fairy Tales) Have Been Read By Thousands With Delight, And Have Settled Down To A Place In The World's Memory Along With The Traditional Nursery Tales Of The Race. The Ugly Duck Ling And The Constant Tin Soldier Are Re Membered In ...
Faith
Faith, The State Of Mind Which Treats A Certain Proposition As True, Independently Of Whether Its Truth Is Completely Demonstrated. Faith Thus Partakes Of The Nature Of Will. Its Most Extreme Form Is Found In The Famous Passage Of Tertullian Which Ends, "buried, He Was Raised From The Dead; This ...
Faith Healer
Faith Healer, The. This Play In Three Acts, By William Vaughn Moody, Was First Produced In New York, At The Savoy Theatre, On 24 Jan. 1910. Henry Miller And Laura Hope Crews Were In The Cast. It Had Been Previously ,presented In Saint Louis, On 15 March 1w9. The Piece ...
Fakir
Fakir, Filer', Or Dervish, The Name Of A Class Of Religious Devotees Of The Moham Medan Faith, All Leading A Life Of Poverty And Generally Practising Mendicancy. The Arabic Word Faqir Signifies °poor* Used In A Sense Of °poor* In The Sight Of God. The Persian Word Dartuesh Is Derived ...
Falcon
Falcon, A Term Broadly Given To Any Of Many Birds Of The Family Falconidee (q.v.), But More Narrowly To The Species Of The Typical Sub Family Faleonine?, Whence Are Derived Most Of The Hawks Used In Falconry. The Falcons Proper, For Strength, Symmetry And Powers Of Flight, Are The Most ...
Falconid2e
Falconid2e, A Family Of Raptorial Birds, Comprising The Sub-families Gypaetinee (lammer Geiers), Polyborinee (carrion-hawlcs And 'cites), Accipitrine (hawks), Buteoninee (buzzards), Aquiline (eagles), And Falconine (f Alcons). They Are All Remarkable For Strong And Sharply Hooked Bills, With A Distinct Cere, Usually Fleshy; And Most Of Them Have Sharp And Power ...
Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands, Two Large Islands, East Falkland (3,000 Square Miles) And West Falkland (2,300 Square Miles), With About 100 Islands Surrounding Them, Having A Total Area Of •i Square Miles, In The South Atlantic Ocean, A T.ut 300 Miles East Of The Strait Of Magellan. The Scenery Bears A Striking ...
Fall River
Fall River, Mass., City, Port Of Entry, In Bristol County, On Mount Hope Bay At The Mouth Of The Taunton River; On The New York, New Haven And Hartford Railroad, 49 Miles South Of Boston. It Is Connected With New York By The Fall River Line Of Steamers, With Philadelphia ...
Fall Of Man
Fall Of Man, A Commonly Received Doc Trine Of Christianity, Founded Upon The His Torical Narrative Contained In The Third Chapter Of The Book Of Genesis, Together With The Al Lusions To The Same Matter In Other Parts Of Scripture. The History Of The Fall, As Given In Genesis, Contains ...
Fallow Deer
Fallow Deer, A Dame) Of Deer Native In Southern Europe, Northern Africa And Eastward Of Persia, Rep Resenting A Group Of Cerviche In Which The Antlers, Borne Only By The Bucks, Are Round At The Base, But Are More Or Less Flattened At The Extremities. These Deer Were Introduced Into ...
Federal Control Of Tions
Tions, Federal Control Of. Electoral Frauds And Safeguards Against. —see That Title. Minority And Proportional Representa Tion.— See That Title. Majorities And Pluralities.— There Is No Legal, Philological Or Popular Agreement As To The Use Of The Word (majority° In Matters Of Election. In Computation It May Mean The Amount ...
Galois Solution Of An
Galois' Solution Of An Equation. Let G Be The Group Of The Equation &an + Limn + . . . + An = 0 (i) For The Domain R. Let H. Be A Subgroup Of G Of Index Let Fqxi, . . .xn) Be Any One Of The Infinity Of ...