Thus have the nations developed and special ized till to-day instead of physical entities such as wandering primitive men and woolly main moths roaming the earth's surface, there are definitely marked national aggregates: England, a crystallized unit of people, described in type as tall, fair-haired, long of head and light of eyes, possessing an emotional life which is bal anced and logical, an intellectual type of mind which is inductive and reasoning, a capacity for commerce and industry; a France that is tem peramentally, artistically creative, contributing more to literature and art than to church or state; an Italy, cool and logical, contributing more to the heart than to the head of re ligion. Akin to the Italian Mediterraneans, the Spaniards of the American continent vie with that related strain and yet partake of the Teutonic qualities of the North American con tinent, recreating in the western section of the globe the commerce and industry of the Euro pean Teutons, and coming to endure along with the clearly inductive, boldly logical and suc cessfully worldly Teutons the absence of the introspective and dreamy quality of the emotion ally constituted Latins and Slays.
Bibliography.— Broca, P., (Memoires d'antropologie> (Paris 1871)) Boas, F. (Changes in Bodily Form of Descendants of (Washington 1910) ; Beddoe, J., Anthropological History of (London 1912) ; Collignon, R., 'L'indice cephalique des populations (in L'Anthropologie, Vol. I, pp. 200-224) ; Deniker,
J., (The Races of Man) (London 1900) ; Gid dings, F. H.,
Principles of
(New York 1896) ; Hrdlicka, A., 'Physical Anthropology and its Aims) (in The Anatom ical Record, 'Vol. 2, No. 5, 1908) ; Haddon, A. C.,
Study of Ma& (New York 1898) Ivanovski, A. A.,
the Anthropological Formation of the Population of Russia) (in Tidings of the Imperial Society of Natural Sciences and Ethnography in the Moscow University, Vol. 105, Works of the Anthro pological Division, Vol. 22, Moscow, 1904, Rus sian) ; Livi, R., 'L'indice ponderal ou rapport entre la taille et le poids) (in Archiv italiennes de biologie, Vol. 32, pp. 229-247) ; Muller, Max,
on the Science of
(New York 1890) ; Osborn, H. F., (Men of the Old Stone Age) (New York 1915) ; Quatrefages, A., (The Human Species) (New York 1::1) ; Quetelet, A.,
Systeme Social et des Lois qui le
(Paris 1848) ; Retzius, G., and Furst, K. M.., (Anthropologia Suecica> (in Beitriige sur Anthropologic der Schweden, Stockholm 1902) ; Ripley, W. Z., (The Races of Europe) (New York 1899); Sergi, G.,
Mediterranean Race) (London 1901) ; Topin ard, P. (Anthropology) (London 1878); Tarde, G.