Harbor Facilities.— Cleveland has 14.2 miles of lake frontage, protected by a break water syt miles in length, which has been con structed by the Federal government at a cost of approximately $6,000,000, while an additional $1,000,000 has been expended in dredging and maintenance. The total lalce front protected by the brealtwater is 28,035 feet. The harbor has a spacious entrance, and the extension of East Ninth street has made possible the con struction of two passenger piers, affording ample dockage for passenger service from De troit and Buffalo. These docks are located east of the harbor entrance, while the harbor to the west affords unexcelled facilities for handling iron ore. The Cuyahoga River, which flows into LaIce Erie at Cleveland, is also lined with docics, adjacent to which are many fur naces, factories and lumber yards.
Public Health, etc.— The average annual mean temperature of Cleveland for a period of 33 years was 51.30°. The highest tem perature in 1917 was 95° F. and the lowest 8° below zero. The normal rainfall is 35 inches. According to the city's new charter, the de partment of health includes the bureau of food and dairy inspection, division of housing, bu reau of child hygiene and bureau of tuber culosis—the last named one of the model in stitutions of the country.
Notable Buildings.—Eudid avenue, for merly renowned for its spacious lawns and elaborate homes, is rapidly becoming the new shopping district of Cleveland. Under the Cleveland Building Act, which regulates the height of the building by the width of the avenue on which it fronts, 12 stories is the ordinary limit for office building construction. This, it is hoped, will produce something of a uniformity of heights rather than a skyline composed of ill-proportioned skyscrapers and abnormally low buildings. Substantiality, rather than excessive height or garish design, marks the present day building construction here. The Rockefeller Building, the Brother hood of Locomotive Engineers Building, the new Guardian Savings Bank, the Williamson, Citizens' Savings & Trust Company, the large department stores of the May and Bailey com panies, William Taylor & Son Company, the Halle Brothers Company, the Higbee Company, the banking establishments of the First Na tional, the Cleveland Trust Company, Union Commerce National and the Cleveland National banks are interesting examples of modern con struction, as are the Swetland, Rose, Garfield, American Trust, Cleveland Electric Illumi nating Company, Leader-News, Cleveland Plain Dealer and Press newspaper buildings, the Statler, Olmsted, Hollenden, Winton and Cleveland hotels. In semi-public buildings the Cleveland Athletic Club structure, the Y. M. C. A., the Hippodrome Theatre and the new Federal and municipal buildings, which are located on the proposed Mall, are important features of Cleveland's architectural growth. There are four large arcades on Euclid avenue, reaching through to Superior and Prospect avenues, that are of distinctive architectural interest.
Boulevards, Parks, The first park was given to the city by J. H. Wade in the early 80's. The present park system was initiated by a group of six men. Mr. Charles Bulkley was elected first president of the Park Board in 1888, and much of the credit for Cleveland's 2,428 acres of city parks and miles of well paved boulevards belongs to him and the Park Board as then constituted. Along the lake front
in the heart of the city are open grounds marked by the entrance to the proposed Mall; five miles east of this lies Gordon Park, a beautiful spot donated by the late W. J. Gor don, containing 113 acres of lawn and woods; six miles to the westward is Edgewater Park, stretching 6,000 feet along the lake and con taining 125 acres of attractive playgrounds. These are the principal park sites, but six miles back of Gordon Park, connected by a magnifi cent boulevard, lies Shaker Lakes, a beautiful natural spot of 300 acres, just outside of the city limits in the attractive suburb of Cleve land Heights. Mr. Patrick Calhoun gave a piece of land lying between Euclid avenue and Cedar avenue which forms the gateway to the Shaker Lakes. About equal distance to the south of Edgewater Park lies Brookside Park, and midway between this and Garfield boule vard is Woodland Hills Park of 113 acres filled with playgrounds and devoted to athletic sports, while Garfield, Lakeview, Lincoln and Washington parks, with Monumental park in the Public Square, afford extensive and attract ive breathing spots for Cleveland's growing populace. At the entrance of Edgewater Park and beginning a boulevard system that leads from the new high level bridge and extends to the extreme western limit of the city is Bulkley boulevard. A new public bath house was erected at Edgewater Park ready for the open ing of the 1914 season. The building is de signed in Spanish Mission style, is a very permanent style of construction with steel frame and fireproof walls. The building is 314 feet long, 50 feet wide, of sanitary construction, with cement and tile floors and cement plas tered walls. The upper floor at the west end of the building contains an open pavilion and restaurant for spectators. The lower floors contain 665 separate rooms and two locker rooms for boys, furnishing in all accommoda tions for about 3,000 bathers at one time. A concrete retaining wall has been built in front of the bath house to keep the beach from extending farther inland. The city's recrea tional facilities may be said to contain 18 play grounds, 3 public baths, 2 municipal dance halls, 43 baseball diamonds, 15 football grounds, 67 tennis courts and 14 skating ponds. Brook side Park contains a zoological garden in which 154 acres are utilized. The valley connecting Gordon Park with the Shaker Lake district is known as Rockefeller Park, much of the terri tory being donated by Mr. John D. Rockefeller, whose estate at Forest Hill is a park in itself. At Edgewater Park a municipal dance hall is maintained, while at Woodland Hills Park there is a °neighborhood center" and the shelter-house there is utilized as a dance pavil ion in the same manner as at Edgewater. Re freshment stands and a small charge for danc ing privileges make the receipts not only cover expenses but show a small net profit. A vacant lot and home garden movement has obtained a strong foothold in Cleveland and in 1917 more than 15,000 ((war gardens" were culti vated, producing about $300,000 worth of vegetables.