The Temple of the Snn, on the terrace of the Colonna gardens on the Quirinal Hill, is said to have been erected by Elagabalus. It was of gigantic dimensions, and highly enriched, if we may judge from the two great MAMAS thit are left—a pert of au architrave and frieze, and the angle of the pedimentt. Many fragments of sculpture dug up in the gardens have been fixed in walls at the back of these two masses. The site was eminently calculated for a colossal temple, as the entire height of the building would have been visible from most parts of Rome.
The Temple of Janus no longer exists, but its site is supposed to have been the junction of the four great forums, in the immediate vicinity of the Mamcrtine prison, the arch of Septimius Severus, and the Basilica Pauli.
A temple for a long time called the Temple of Jupiter Stator, and afterwards the Temple of Minerva Chaleidica, ie situated in the iorum Romanum, next to the site of a temple of Castor and Pollux. The ruin consists of three marble Corinthian fluted columns on an isolated basement of travertine; the columns support a part of the highly enriched entablature, which is in tolerable preservation. The propor tion. and execution of this fragment are the very finest, and, since the restoration of true architecture, it has served as the great model of the Corinthian order. Of the temple of Jupiter Capitol/nue, originally built by the Tarquins, burnt he. 83, and rebuilt by Sulla, there remain only some vast substructions in the gardens of the ILNiffarelli Palace. A temple was built to illeculapius on the island of the Tiber, the site of which is occupied by the convent and church of San Bartolomeo.
of the gates of ancient Rome still remain, moat of tbem having been rebuilt by llonorius or Belisarius. We mention the following :—Porte San Loroozo, built by Honoriae, A D. 402, and called Tibartina from Its leading to Tivoli; it also opened out on the Via Collatina. This gate is attached to the monument at the junction of the three aqueducts, the Aqua Marcia, Tcpula, and Julia, which bears an inscription alluding to the repairs made by Caraealla. The aqueduct. called Marcia is commemorated by a coin of the Marcii, which possibly may represent the original monument.
The Porta Maggiore, situated at the spot called the 'Spec Vctua.'
Here are the ancient gates of the Via Labicana and Via Prxnestina, formed by the monument of the Claudian aqueduct.. The magnificence of these gateways was owing, in a great measure perhaps, to the circum stance of the Claudian aqueduct passing over them. The three great Inscriptions on the attic above the gateways show, first, that Tiberius Claudius. the emperor, brought to Rome the Claudian waters com posed of the Cerulean and Curtian stream,, and also the Aniene Nova. The second indicates the restoration by Veepasian; and the third, that by Titus. This magnificent facade consists of two great archways, and three piers, each decorated with two rusticated columns of the Corinthian order, placed on a rustics basement, and supporting an entablature and pediment. Above these ie the lofty attic in which are the two aster-channels. This attic is surmounted with a cornice. Severe in character, this structure is one of the beat preserved, and one of the most imposing architectural muses in Rome. From this gate may be seen the four aqueducts, Julia, Tepula, Marcia, and Aniene Vetue.
The Porta San Paolo, substituted by Honorius for the ancient gates of Servius called Trigennina, Mined*, Smths, and Lavernalis. Being built on the Via Ostieneis, it was called also Ostieneis. The present gate was rebuilt by Belisarius, who constructed it on a new level, the ancient being 26 palms lower. The internal gate is older than the time of Belisarius. and is formed with a double arch.
The Porta del Popolo, the Flaminian Gate, the chief entrance into Rome, was built by Honorins on a site a little higher up than the present gate, towards the Pineian hill, ou a slight elevation ; it was removed between the 6th and 8th ccuturies to its present situation. The name of Porta deI Popolo was given to it in the 15th century.
Aided by Vignola, Pius IV. decorated the external front, after the design of Miohel Angelo. The internal deooration of this gateway is by Bernini.
The Porta Latina, flanked by round brick towera, is built up in the walls near the modern gate of San Sebastiano, in the south-eastern angle of the city. On a spot near it St. John is said to have suffered martyrdom in A.D. 96. Inside the walls, between the Porta Latina and the Porta San Sebastiano, is the tomb of Scipio.