Socialist Parties
Socialist Parties. Politically Organized Socialism Or Social De Mocracy Is A Movement Which Is Coextensive With Modern Industrialism. Wherever A System Of Production Is Found Which Is Perhaps Somewhat Loosely Termed Capitalistic, We Find A Social Demo Cratic Party. In This Article, However, Atten Tion Will Chiefly Be Given To ...
Societies
Societies (lat. Societas, From Socius, Com Panion, Associate). Organizations Of Individuals For The Attainment Of A Common End Through Common Action. Coliperation Dates From The Earliest Times, And Whether For The Conquest Of Some Material Object Or For The Inner Improve Ment Of The Individual Himself. Is Met With In ...
Society
Society (from Lat. Societas, From Soe-tusl, Companion). A Naturally Formed Group, As A Tribe, A Village, A Nation, Organized To Achieve The Common Good—a Community, A Common Wealth. The Basis Of Society Is Mental Agree Ment And Pleasure In Association. An Entire Population Occupying A Defined Territory Becomes, Through Developing ...
Socinus
Soci'nus. The Latinized Form Of The Name Of Two Italian Protestants Of The Sixteenth Cen Tury. Celebrated As The Founders Of The Liberal Sect Called Socinians, And Precursors Of The Mod Ern Unitarians. Both Men Were Born In The Tuscan Town Of Siena, The Elder, Lei.i0 Suzzlxi (l:elius Soeinus), In ...
Socrates
Socrates (lat., From Gk. Lwxpcirns) (me. 469-390). An Athenian Philosopher. Lie Lived Through The Age Of Pericles, The Peloponnesian War, And The Tyranny Of The 'thirty,' And Was Condemned To Drink The Hemlock Cup By The Re Stored Democracy. Ile W•as Of Humble But Genu Ine Athenian Stock. Plato Makes ...
Socrates_2
Socrates, Pinson Of. The Name Popularly Given To Three Chambers Hewn In The Face Of The Hill Of Philopappus At Athens. The Chambers Are Of Small Dimensions, And One Of Them Is Connected With A Vaulted Rotunda, The Circular Opening Of Which Was Originally Closed By Slabs. The Ar Rangement ...
Sodium
Sodium (neo-lat., From It. Soda, Soda, Saltwort, Glasswort). A Metallic Element Iso Lated By Sir Humphry Davy In 1807. (see Potassium; Chemistry.) Compounds Of Sodium Occur Distributed In Large Quantities, Especially Sodium Chloride, Which Is Found In Nature As Halite Or Rock Salt. And In Solution In Sea And Other ...
Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Hydrate
Sodium Hydroxide. Sodium Hydrate. Or C.uts Ric Naoh, This Is Of Importance Next To Dium Carbonate Only. On Account Of Its Use In Enormous Quantities In Refining Fats And Vegetable Oils. And In The Manufacture Of Soap. In Appear Ance It Is A White Solid, Strongly Caustic And High Ly ...
Sofia
Sofia, Sn'fii-a. Or Sophia Sredetzl. The Capital Of The Principality Of Bulgaria, Sit Uated In A Plain Between The Vitosha Mountains And The Main Balkan Chain. 206 Miles Southeast Of Belgrade And 300 Miles Northwest Of Constan Tinople (map: Balkan Peninsula. D 3). It Has Been Largely Rebuilt Since 1878 ...
Soil Of
Soil (of., Fr. Son, From Lat. So/um, Ground, Soil, Foundation, Sole). A Term Applied To The Superficial Unconsolidated Portion Of The Earth's Crust (regolith), Which Is Composed Of Broken And Disintegrated (weathered) Rock Mixed With Varying Proportions Of Decayed And Decaying Organic Matter (humus). The Processes By Which Soils Are ...
Soiling Crops Soiling
Soiling, Soiling Crops. Soiling Con Sists In Feeding Grazing Animals In Inclosures Or In Barns With Green Forage Grown Especially For The Purpose, Instead Of Turning. Them Out To Pas Ture; And Soiling Crops Are The Crops Grown For This Purpose. Soiling Is A Feature Of Intensive Farming And Small ...
Solicitor
Solicitor. Under The Laws Of Great Brit Ain, A Person Duly Admitted To Practice Law Under The Provisions Of The Solicitor's Acts, And Who Thereby Becomes An Ofbc•er Of The Supreme Court And Entitled To Certain Privileges And Immunities. Before The Judicature Act (1873) The Term Was Applied Only To ...
Solomon
Sol'omon (hel), Shnoma, Peaceable). A Son Of David And Bathsheba (ii. Sam. Xii. 24), Successor Of David On The Throne Of Israel. The Date Of His Reign May He Stated Approximately As B.c. 977-937. The Biblical Account Of Solomon Is Found In 1. Kings, Chapters I.-xi., And Its Parallel Ii. ...
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands. A Group Of Islands In The Pacific Ocean. Extending In A Direction From Northwest To Southeast Between Latitudes 5° And 11° S., And Longitudes 154° 40' And 162° 30' E. (map: Australasia, J 3). It Is About 120 Miles Distant From The Bismarck Archipelago On The West. Area, ...
Solon
So'lon (lat., From Gk. 1:6nwv) (c.639-559 N.c.). An Athenian Law-giver And Patriot. Son Of Execestides, And Descendant From The Noble Line Of The C'odrids. In His Earlier Years Solon Engaged In Trade And In The Course Of His Com Mercial Undertakings Probably Visited The East Ern .,egeau, Where He Learned ...
Solothurn
Solothurn. Zo'144.7orn (fr. Soleure). A Canton Of Switzerland, Bounded By Basel On The North, Basel And Aargau On The East, And Bern On The South And West (map: Switzerland. B I), It Is Traversed Lengthwise By The Main Ridge Of The Jura. Reaching A Maximum Height Of 4754 Feet. The ...
Solyman
Sol'yman (or Suleiman) Ii, (c.1.195 1566). Sultan Of The Turkish Empire, Surnamed `the Magnificent.' In September, 1520. He Suc Ceeded His Father, Selim 1. (q.v.). Lie Overthrew The Rebellious Governor Of Syria, Repressed The Egyptian Mamelukes, And Concluded A Treaty With Persia. In 1521 He Took Belgrade, The Key To ...
Somatology
Somatology (from Gk. Cioaca, Soma, Body, -toy/a, -logia, Account, From Teyctv, Iegein, To That Division Of Anthropology Which Treats Of The Anatomy And Physiology Of Mankind, Es Pecially By A Comparative Survey Of Different Races From This Point Of View. Anatomical Somatology Deals With Stature, Tegument, Pigmentation, Meas Urements Of ...
Somerville
Somerville, Sfun'i;r-vil. A City In Middle Sex County, Mass., Adjoining Boston, On The Mystic River, Here Spanned By Two Bridges. And On The Boston And Maine Railroad (slap: Massa Chusetts. E 3). It Is Largely A Residential City. Many Places Of Historic Interest Add To Its At Tractiveness. Broadway, Over ...
Somnambulism
Somnambulism (from Lat. Scannas, Sleep Ambulare, To Walk). A State Intermediate Be Tween Those Of Sleeping And Waking, Character Ized By The Performance Of Various Acts Appar Ently Indicative Of Conscious Control, By Absence Of The Usual Reaction To Stimuli, And Usually By Inability To Recall On Awakening Any Of ...
Sonata
Sonata (it., Sonata, Sonata, P.p. Fem. Of Sonar(, To Sound, From Lat. Sonare, To Sound, From Sonns, Sound). In Music, An Instrumental Composition In Cyclical Form, Originally Any Instrumental Work As Opposed To A Cantata Or Vocal Work. At First The Sonata Was Almost Iden Tical With The Suite (q.v.), ...
Sonnet
Sonnet (fr. Sonnet, Of., Prov. Sonct, Song, Diminutive Of Son, Sound, Song, From Lat. Sous, Sound). As Perfected By The Italian Humanists, A Stanza Of Fourteen Hendecasyllabic Verses, Rhyming According To A Clearly Defined Plan. The Stanza Is Divided Into Two Unequal Parts. The First Part, Called The Octave, Is ...
Sons Of Liberty
Sons Of Liberty. In American History, A Name Applied To An Organization Extending Throughout All The Colonies, Opposing First The Stamp Act, And Afterwards Advocating Separation From Great Britain. When The Stamp Act (q.v.) Was Proposed In 1764. Loose Secret Organizations, Chiefly Of Workingmen. Were Formed In The Various Colonies ...
Sophists
Sophists (lat. Sophista, From Gk. Corplarhs, Sophistcs, Wise Man, Teacher Of Arts And Sciences For Motley, Sophist, From Croottetr, Sophizcin, To Make Wise, From Crook Sophos, Wise). A Class Of Thinkers And Teachers Who Appeared In The Fifth Century C.c. In Greece. And Especially At Athens. Unfortunately, We Have Little ...
Sophocles
Sophocles, Smif'mi-klz (lat., From Gk. Esosacis, (c.•106-406 B.c.) . An Athenian Dramatist. Horn Of A Prosperous Family At Colones, A Beautiful Suburb Of Athens. His Long And Happy Life Coincided With The Period Of The Imperial Greatness Of Athens. His Dramas Are The Most Perfect Exemplars Of Attic Art. His ...
Sorbonne
Sorbonne, S8r'b6fe, La. An Institution Of Learning In Paris, Founded By Robert Do Sorbon. Robert Was Born October 9, 1201, In Sorbon, Near The Town Of Bethel, Not Far From Rheims. During The Subsequent Cen Turies And Even To The Present Day, The Place-name Of This Man Has Been Attached ...
Soul As
Soul (as. Said, Saecul, Goth. Ohg. Spula, Scla, Ger. Scele, Soul; Possibly Connected With Lat. Swculum, Generation, Age). A Term Which Is Used For At Least Three Conceptions. In The Most Primitive Sense The Soul Is Conceived As A Refined And Intangible Material Being, Often As A Sort Of Diaphanous ...
Soult
Soult, Soolt, Nicolas Jean De Dieu, Dnke Of Dalmatia (1769-1851). A French Marshal. He Was Born At Saint-amans-la-bastide, Department Of Tarn. He Entered The Army As A Private In 1783. Rose By His Soldierly Qualities, And In 1794 Was Made A General Of Brigade For His Conduct At Fleurus. From ...
Sounding Of Sound
Sound, Sounding (of., Fr. Sonde-, Prob Ably From Lat. Sub, Under Undarc, To Undulate, From Unda, Wave; Less Plausibly From As., Icel. Send, Ger. Send, Sound. Strait). The Operation Of Ascertaining The Depth Of Water. In Shallow Waters (less Than 20 Fathoms) The Depths Are Ascertained With The Lead And ...
South Africa
South Africa. The Part Of Africa South Of The Zambezi River; Physically It Is A Distinct Geographic Unit. With An Area Of 1,100.000 Square Miles And A Seaboard Of More Than 3000 Miles, It Is Commercially A Single Trade Region. Its Collective Commerce Is Known Technically As The 'cape Trade' ...
South African War
South African War. The Conflict For Supremacy In South Africa Between Great Britain And The Boer Republics Of The Transvaal And The Orange Free State In The Years 1899-1902. The Causes That Led Up To The Struggle And The Diplo Matic Negotiations That Preceded Its Outbreak Are Treated Under Transvaal. ...
South Australia
South Australia. A State Of The Com Monwealth Of Australia Occupying The Central Part Of The Continent, And Bounded On The North By The Timor And Arafura Seas, East By Queens Land, New South Wales, And Victoria, South By The Indian Ocean (great Australian Bight), And West By Western Australia ...
South Bend
South Bend. The County-seat Of Saint Joseph County, Ind., 86 Miles East By South Of Chicago, 111.; On The Saint Joseph River. And On The Lake Shore And Michigan Southern. The Chi Cago And Grand Trunk. The Indiana, Illinois And Iowa, The Terre Haute And Indiana, And Other Railroads (map: ...
Southampton
Southampton, Stint-h:imp/ton. A Civic County. Municipal And Parliameptary Borough, And Seaport, In The South Of Hampshire, Eng Land, 79 Miles Southwest Of London (map: Eng Land, E 6). The Town Occupies A Peninsula At The Head Of Southampton Water, Between The Estuary Of The Test Or Anton On The West ...
Soy Bean
Soy Bean (jap. Si-yan, Chin. Shi-ya. Soy), Glycine Hispida. An Upright Bushy Annual Legu Minous Plant To 4 Feet Tall, A Native Of Asia, Where It Has Long Been Cultivated, Especially In China And Japan, And Whence It Has Been Introduced Into Europe And America. The Name Soy Is Derived ...
Space Of
Space (of.. Fr. Espaee. From Lat. Spatium, Space: Connected With Sees, Hope, ()church Slay. Spi'ti. To Result. Lith. Speti, To Have Leisure, As. Org., Shoran, To Succeed, Skt. Aphny, To Fatten). A Term Denoting The Physical Basis For Dimension And Magnitude. From Ancient Times It Has Occupied A Large Place ...
Spanish American Literature Tile Colonial
Spanish-american Literature. Tile Colonial Period. Spanish-american Liter Ature Owes Almost Nothing To The Few Fragments Of Nahua And Inca Literature That Survived The De Struction Of Hieroglyphs By The Spanish Con Querors. The Early Literature Centres Largely Around The City Of Mexico. (see Mexican Literature.) As Subsidiary Literary Centres, Bogotd, ...
Spanish American War
Spanish-american War. The War Between Spain And The United States In 1898. After More Than A Century Of Unrest, In The Island Of Cuba. And Intermittent Struggles Between The Cubans And Their Home- Government, When The In Crease Of Bloodshed, Starvation, And General De Vastation Had Attracted World-wide Attention, And ...
Spanish Language
Spanish Language. A Romance Lan Guage, Evolved Out Of Latin In The Iberian Pen Insula And Carried By Spanish Colonists To The Canaries, The Antilles, The Philippines, Mexico, Portions Of The United States, Central America, The Greater Part Of South America, And A Few Places On The Coast Of Africa, ...
Spanish Literature
Spanish Literature (called Also Cas Tilian Literature, Since The Dialect Of Castile Is The Dominant And Literary Speech Of Spain). Litera Ture In The Spanish Tongue Began Only When The Process Of Reconquest Restored To The Christian Spaniards A Considerable Portion Of Their Ances Tral Domain. This First Literature Was ...
Spanish Music
Spanish Music. Spanish Music Has Al Ways Been Imitative. At First The Influence Of The Great School Of The Netherlands Predominated. This Period Was Followed By A Prevalence Of Roman Influence, Especially That Of Palestrina. The Sixteenth Century May Be Regarded As The Time When Music In Spain Was At ...
Sparrow As
Sparrow (as. Spcarwa, Spearewa, Goth. Sparwa, Ohg. Sparo, Spare-c, Sparling; Connect Ed With Opruss. Sperglas, Spurglas, Sparrow, And Probably Ultimately With Eng. Spur, Spurn). A Small Bird Of The Finch Family Generally With Dull Plumage And Slight Powers Of Song, Feeding On The Ground Or Among Under Brush Or Weeds, ...
Sparta
Spar'ta (lat., From Gk. Zydprn, Sparte, Doric Ma-dpra, Sparta), Also Lacedamon. The Capital Of Laconia, And The Most Famous City Of The Peloponnesus. It Occupied Partly A Group Of Low Hills On The Right Bank Of The Eurotas, And Partly The Intervening Plain. Its Appearance In Its Palmicst Days Was ...
Spartacus
Spartacus. The Leader In The Great In Surrection Of Roman Slaves In Southern Italy Which Took Place B.c. 73. He Was A Native Of Thrace, Originally A Shepherd, Hut Afterwards A Robber Chief. He Was Taken Prisoner And Placed In A Gladiatorial School At Capua. Seventy Gladiators, Including Spartacus, Escaped ...
Speaker
Speaker. The Name Given To The Presiding Officer In Various Legislative Bodies. In The Eng Lish House Of Commons The Office Of Speaker Seems To Have Existed As Early As The Reign Of Henry Hut The Title Speaker Was First Given To Sir T. Hungerford In The Reign Of Edward ...
Special Assessment
Special Assessment. A Compulsory Contribution Levied In Proportion To The Spe Cial Benefits Derived From A Public Improve Ment. And Designed To Cover, Entirely Or In Part, The Cost Of That Improvement. A Spe Cial A44essment Is Levied Most Frequently In Connection With The Opening Or Improvement Of Streets Or ...
Specialty
Specialty. In Law, In Its Broadest Sense, Any Formal, As Distinguished From A Simple, Con Tract, Including Judgments, Recognizances, Statutes Staple, Statutes Merchant, And Deeds Of Grant; But The Term Is More Frequently Used As Synony Mous With Contract Under Seal. Contracts Under Seal Were The Earliest Form Of Contract ...
Specie Payments
Specie Payments (abbreviation Of Ml. In Specie, In Coin, Lat. In Kind, From In, In, And Specie, Abl. Sg. Of Species, Kind), Suspension And Besumption Or. The Circulating Medium Of Modern States Consists Both Of Metallic Money And Of Credit Money, Issued Either By Banks O• By The Government, Which ...
Specific Gravity Ml
Specific Gravity (ml. Specificns, Spe Cific, Particular, From Lat. Species, Kind). The Ratio Between The Weights Of Equal Volumes Of Any Substance And Of Some Other, Chosen As A Standard. For Solids And Liquids The Standard Substance Is Water, For Gases, Air, Or Sometimes Hydrogen. Since The Volume Of A ...
Specific Performance
Specific Performance. A Technical Legal Term Employed To Denote The Equitable Doc Trine And Rules Under Which A Court May Compel A Party Who Has Refused To Perform His Part Of An Agreement To Carry It Out According To Its Terms. In An Action At Law For The Breach Of ...
Spectacles
Spectacles (lat. Spectaculum, Show, From Spectarc, To Behold, From Spccere, To See; Con Nected With Gk. Skeptesthai, To Look, Skt. Spa.4, To See, Oh0. Spehon, Ger. Spiihen, To Spy). A Device For The Purpose Of Aiding The Sight When Impaired By Age Or Otherwise. (see Sight, Defects Of.) They Were ...
Spectro Photometry
Spectro-photometry (from Lat. Spec Trum, Appearance, Image, Apparition, ± Gk. 063s, Pluis, Light + -per Pia, -metric, Measurement, From Parpov, Metron, Measure), Or Spectral Photometry (see Also Spectroscopy And Photom Etry). The Study Of The Relative Intensities Of Light Of Various Colors From The Same Source Or From Different Sources. ...
Spectrometer
Spectrometer (from Lat. Spectrum, Ap Pearance, Image, Apparition + Gk. Alrpov, Metron, Measure). An Instrument Especially De Signed To Determine The Index Of Refraction Of Transparent Bodies. The Ordinary Type Of Instru Ment Is Illustrated In The Cut, And, As Shown, Con Sists Essentially Of Two Arms Which Are Movable ...
Spectroscope
Spectroscope (from Lat. Spectrum, Ap Pearance, Image, Apparition + Gk. Cf Kote7r, Akopcin, To View). An Instrument Designed To Investigate The Nature Of The Radiations Emitted By Various Sources Of 'light,' It Being Understood That This Term Includes All Waves In The Ether, Although Only Those Within Certain Narrow Limits ...
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy. The Science Which Deals With The Methods Of Production Of The Spectra By Various Sources Of Light (or Of Waves In The Ether) And With Their Study And Interpretation. Newton. In 1672, Was The First To Observe That If Sunlight Entering A Darkened Room Through A Small Opening Were ...
Spectrum Analysis
Spectrum Analysis. As Is Explained In The Article On Spectroscopy, The Spectrum Of A Definite Substance Under Definite Conditions Is Always The Same. The Spectrum Of The Radia Tions Emitted By Iron Vapor, For Instance, When Rendered Luminous, Is Characterized By Certain Definite Trains Of Waves, Or, As Ordinarily Ex ...
Speculation
Speculation (lat. Speculatio, Explora Tion, Contemplation, From Speculari, To View, Watch, Spy Out, From Specula, Watch-tower, From Specere, To See). Buying And Selling Of Property Chiefly With A View To Securing A Profit Through Changes In The Price Of That Property. There Is A Speculative Element In A Great Variety ...
Spelling
Spelling (from Spell, Ne. Speller, Of. Cspcicr, To Spell, Spellon, To Declare, Nar Rate, Discourse, From Olig. Spel, As. Spcl, Spell, Goth. Spill, Tale, Narrative, History, Tidings). The Representation Of Words By Combinations Of Alpha Betic Symbols; The Practical Application O• Use Of An Alphabet. In An Alphabet That Is ...
Spelling Reform
Spelling Reform. The Modification Of Customary Spelling In Such A Way As To Remove, Or At Least Lessen. The Divergence Of Orthography From Pronunciation. (for The Origin, Character, And Practical Results Of This Divergence, Particu Larly In English, See Spelling.) Complete Re Form Of This Sort Involves: (1) The Elimination ...
Spener
Spener, Spa'ner, Pnborr Jakort (1635 1705). A German Clergyman, The Founder Of The German Pietists. Ile Was Born At Rappolts Weiler, In Upper Alsace, And Was Educated At Strassburg, Basel, Ttibingen, Geneva, And Lyons. At Geneva He Was Influenced By Laba Die (q.'.), And His Natural Disposition Led Him Strongly ...
Spermatophytes
Spermatophytes ( From Gk. Tripno., Sperma, Seed + Phyton, Plant), Seed Plants. The Highest Of The Four Primary Divi Sions Of The Plant Kingdom, Distinguished From The Other Groups By The Production Of Seeds. The Much Used Name Phanerogams, Meaning Evident Sexual Reproduction, Is Unfortunate Because In This Group Sexual ...
Spermatozoon
Spermatozoon (neo-lat., From Gk. Crn4p Aa, Sperma, Seed 4- Edon, Animal). The Male Germ Cell. The Phenomenon Of Sexuality Consists Of The Union Of Two Cells. In The Lowest Forms These May Be Alike, But In The Higher Plants And Animals There Is A Difference In Size Of The Two ...
Sphere
Sphere (lat. Sphaya, From Gk. Eibarpa, Sphaira, Ball, Globe; Connected With Lith. Ball Of Dung, And Perhaps With Skt. Splint., To Hasten, Steeteb Out). A Solid Bounded By A Sur Face Every Point Of Which Is At A Given Distance From A Fixed Point. The Given Distance Is Called The ...
Spheroidal State
Spheroidal State (from Spheroid, From Gk. Croatpoct54s, Sphairocidrs, Like A Ball Or Sphere, From Ackaipa, Sphaira, Ball, Globe El8os, Eidos, Form). The Phenomenon Observed When A Drop Of Water Placed On A Highly Heated Surface Remains In Its Spherical Shape And Moves About Over The Surface, Evaporating Gradually, Instead Of ...
Sphinx
Sphinx (lat., From Gk. Only, Sphinx, From Arpiryetv, Sphingein, To Strangle). A Composite Monster, Famous In Greek Mythology, Haying The Head Of A Woman, The Body Of A Lion, The Wings Of A Bird, And The Tail Of A Serpent. According To The Legend, She Proposed A Riddle To The ...
Spider Me
Spider (me. Spithcr, From As., Goth., Ohg. Spinnaa. Oer. Spin Acn, To Spin; Cf. Oho. S-pinna, Ger. Spinne, Spinner, Spider). Any Member Of The Araneida, An Order In The Class Arachnida. The Arachnids Are Distinguished From Insects By The Possession Of Four Pairs Of Legs; While Spiders Are Separated From ...
Spielhagen
Spielhagen, Spenit-gon, Friedrich (1829—). A German Novelist, Born At Magde Burg, And Educated At Berlin, Bonn, And Greifs Wald. Ile Taught For A While At Leipzig, And In 1859 Became Editor Of The Zeitung Far Nord Dentsehland, In Hanover. Thence He Moved In 1802 To Berlin, And Edited (1878-84) Wester ...
Spinal Column
Spinal Column (lat. Spinalis, Relating To A Thorn Or To The Spine, From Spina, Thorn, Spine), Or Spine. The Most Important And Char Acteristic Part Of The Skeleton Of The Highest Ani Mal Sub-kingdom, Which Includes Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians, And Fishes. In Each Of These Classes It Is Composed ...
Spinning
Spinning (front Spin, From As.. Oath.. Ohg. Spinnan, Ger. Spinnen, To Spin; Probably Connected With As., 0110. Spannan, Ger. Spanner, Eng. Span, To Stretch Out, Extend, And Ultimately With Lat. Spatilim, Extent, Gk. Ariiv, Span, To Draw Out). The Art Of Drawing, Twisting, And Combining Either Animal Or Vegetable Fibres, ...
Spinoza
Spinoza, Sro-dof2:1, Baruch, Or Benedict (1632-77). A Famous Dutch-jewish Philosopher, Born In Amsterdam, November 24, 1632. His Father, A Portuguese Merchant. Had Fled From Catholic Persecution To The Netherlands. Spi Noza Was Carefully Educated In Jewish The Ology And Speculation. He Was, However, Alien Ated From The Orthodox Belief By ...
Spiral Ml
Spiral (ml. Spiralis, From Lat. Spire, Coil, Spire, From Gk. Arapa, Speira, Coil, Spire, Twist). A Curve Which During Its Gradual Regression From A Point Winds Repeatedly Around It. A Plane Spiral Is Ge.nerated By A Point Moving Along A Line According To A Fixed Law, While The Line Revolves ...
Spiritualism
Spiritualism (from Spiritual, Lat. Spiri T Ual Is, Relating To Spirit Or Breath, From Spirit Us, Spirit, Breath, Air, From Spirarc, To Breathe). A Term Which, As Most Commonly Used, Describes The Belief Of Those Who Think That Communications Are Occasionally Established Between The Living And The Dead \vim Survive ...