A stout cord or chain is attached to the side of the sash and passes over the pulley into the weight box, where it is attached to a weight made of cast iron or lead which serves to balance the window sash and make it work more easily. There are two pulleys in the top of the pulley stile, one for each of the sashes. In Fig. 310, which is a view of the upper part of the pulley stile looking at its edge from the outside, one of the pulleys is shown at A. This figure also shows the top of the pulley stile C let into the yoke G about i inch. This is shown at B. It is the usual method of fastening the pulley stile at the top. In the figure F are the upright studs at the sides of the rough window opening, and E are the rough pieces which form the top of the rough opening. D is the parting strip at both the side and the top of the window opening.
In Fig. 311 is shown a section taken vertically through the top of a window frame of this type. _1 is the yoke, which should be 1,i- inches to 2 inches in thickness; as explained above, it should be long enough to pass over the top of the pulley stile on both sides and allow this member to be let into it. The space K between the yoke and the rough framing FE is filled with rough blocking. F is an outside architrave similar in all respects to that which occurs at the sides of the opening. It is ploughed to receive the yoke, as shown. B is the parting strip, the same size as that on the pulley stile described above, and C is the stop bead. L is the inside archi trave. EE is the rough framing between the studding at the sides of the opening, G is the outside boarding, and H is the plastering inside, D being what is known as a "ground." Sill. In Fig. 312 is shown a section taken vertically through a window sill, showing the sill complete. Here A is the sill itself, which will be seen to extend through the wall far enough to receive the inside sash G. The top of the sill is cut with a slope downward and outward, which is known as a "wash," and the purpose of which is to carry off the rain water which may be driven against the glass of the window and drip down from there to the sill. C is the outside boarding, B is the rough framing, and E is the plaster. D is a part of the inside finish called the "stool" and F is another piece called the "apron," which together cover up the edge of the sill on the inside. The pulley stile is let into the sill about 2 inch in a manner similar to that in which it is let into the yoke at the top, and the sill is made long enough to extend a little beyond the back of the pulley stile on both sides just as is the yoke. Thus the two pulley
stiles at the sides and the yoke at the top, together with the sill at the bottom, form a complete frame called the "window frame," which is usually made up at the mill and taken to the building in one piece, where it is set up in place inside of the rough-framed opening. The slight rabbet in the sill shown at H is intended for a stop for outside blinds when these are used. In this case the blinds are hung as shown in Fig. 313, which is a section taken horizontally through the window jamb. A is the outside architrave, which is placed in this case outside of the outside boarding B for the purpose of receiv ing the blinds. It serves at the same time as a stop for the wall cov ering C. D is the blind. and E is a piece put in to form the weight box and known as the "outside casing." This figure also shows at G a small block which may be inserted between the outside casing and the sash F in order to fill up the space and push the sash nearer the inside wall line. To this small block a. may be nailed which will take a sliding fly screen.
Double=Hung Sash. In Fig. 314 is shown a large-size section through the side or stile of an ordinary window sash, with some of the dimensions given. The same section is ordinarily used for the top rail of the sash, as for the stiles at the sides, but the bottom rail is usually made heavier. A section through the bottom rail is shown in Fig. 315. In Fig. 314, A is the body of the stile, which for ordinary good work is made 1 inches thick and 2 inches wide, not counting the rabbet for the glass. This rabbet is shown at C and is made inch X inch, which makes the entire stile 11 inches X 28 inches. The portion shown at B is molded in various ways, usually as shown. The glass D is held in place by means of small, triangular pieces of tin driven into the sash outside of the glass, after it has been put in, and then covered up with putty as shown at C. The bottom rail shown in Fig. 315 differs from the stiles only in size, being usually 3-2- inches wide instead of 2$ inches.
Sashes are often made thinner than 14 inches, but if they arc at all large they are likely not to stand well but will warp and twist. For very large windows the sashes should be made thicker still, being in this ease 2 inches or even 21 inches thick.