Mullions. In Fig. 333 is shown a double-hung window which is in two parts with a mullion between them. The mullion is shown at A. The window shown also has two transom sashes with a mul lion between the sashes BB and the mullion at C. The mullions A and C are usually made S or 9 inches wide, so as to provide space for the weight boxes in the thickness of the mullion. Fig. 334 shows a section taken horizontally through the mullion A, with spaces for the weights at DD and with a strip E to separate the two weight boxes. FF are the two pulley stiles, made in the usual way as described above, with parting beads at GG and the sashes at HH. K is the piece which forms the outside finish of the mullion and helps to form the enclosed weight boxes, with the pulley stiles grooved into it as shown. The piece L forms the inside finish of the mullion and the inside wall of the weight boxes and may be made very plain or very elaborate to suit the taste of the designer. It may be treated with sinkages or with raised moldings and varied to 'almost any extent. 111111 are the stop beads which hold in the sashes and serve also to cover the joint between the pieces FF and the piece L.
In Fig. 335 is shown a casement window with a mullion. The mullion is seen at A. It will be noticed that it is much narrower than the mullion used in the case of the double-hung window shown in Fig. 333, the reason for this being that in the ease of the casement window there are no weights to be taken care of and so there need not be any weight boxes in the thickness of the mullion.
BB are the casement sashes which are in this case filled with leaded glass. They should be hinged at the sides to open inward or outward stopping against the mullion. In Fig. 336 is shown a section taken horizontally through the mullion A, showing its construction. The sashes are shown at CC and are intended to open out. They are grooved to prevent the rain water from penetrating to the inside and are rabbeted so as to further keep out the weather.
The mullion itself is shown at D. It is built up out of three pieces which may be molded to suit the taste,• but there must always be a rabbet for the sash to stop against. E is the piece which forms the inside finish of the mullion and FE are the stop beads.
Windows in Brick Walls. Windows in brick or other masonry walls are in every respect similar to windows in frame walls, the only difference being in the arrangement of the jambs, heads, and sills. Fig. 337 shows a section taken horizontally through the jamb of a double-hung window in a brick wall. At A is shown a section through the wall itself. It will be seen that there is a sort of rabbet made in the back part of the wall in which to set the dow frame, and that the front portion of the wall projects in front of the frame. This is done
in order that there may be a certain amount of solid masonry which will cover the joint between the wall and the frame and prevent the wind from driving in between them through this joint. The distance B is called the "reveal" of the window, and is usually made 4 inches, but is sometimes S inches. The depth of the rabbet in which the frame sets may vary considerably, but is usually 2 to 4 inches.
From the face of the brick reveal to the face of the pulley stile D the distance C may be made anything, according to taste, but is best made about 2 inches. The pulley stile D is made in the same way as for windows in frame walls. E is the outside casing, which sets as close as possible against the brickwork, and G is a piece called the "back lining," which forms the back of the weight box. In all other respects the construction is the same as described for windows in frame walls. At II is shown an inside sash which can be put on in winter for additional protection against the cold. It is usually made as a casement sash to open in. As will be seen, it is hung on a rabbeted piece K, which also forms the jamb lining of the window on the inside and receives the inside architrave which is indicated at L. .11 is the furring on the inside of the brick wall and N is the plaster ing. The space 0 is filled with rough blocking, and the space P should be well caulked with oakum, or other substance, to keep out the cold. F is a piece called a "brick mold" or some times, a "staff bead," which is put in to cover up the joint, between the frame and the brick. It may be of any desired form, being sometimes made a simple square block or strip on which the window blinds are hung.
Fig. 33S shows a section taken vertically through the head of a double-hung window in a brick wall. At A is the masonry lintel which covers the masonry opening. It is usually of stone. The distance B is the same as the distance B in Fig. 337 and the distance C is also the same as the corresponding distance in Fig. 337. D is the yoke, the same as for a window in a frame wall, with the outside casing E and the staff bead F. G is the wood lintel which is usually placed behind the stone lintel over the masonry opening. This sec tion also shows an inside or winter sash at H, the same as in Fig.
:337, with the piece K arranged to receive it and also to receive the edge of the inside architrave L. N is the furring on the masonry wall, and N is the lathing and plastering, the plastering being cov ered by the architrave L.