Anhalt-Bernburg, a duchy extending from the Elbe to the Hartz forest, and through which the Seale runs. One part of the territory is very pro. ductive of corn, the other portion abounds in mines of lead, iron, and coal, and has one silver mine, which produces annually about 5000 ounces of that metal. The inhabitants are 37,046, nearly equal in Lutherans and Reformed. The revenue is about L.45,000, the taxes low, and the regular army not more than 120 men. The extent is 219,568 acres. The cities and their inhabitants are, Bernburg, 4850 ; Waltenstedt, 2500 ; and. Harzgerode, 2193.
Anhalt-Kothen, a duchy lying in four portions, on both sides the river Elbe. The whole is •level plain, with scarcely any elevated land. On the left bank of the river it is poor and sandy ; on the right bank, productive in' corn and flax. Some of the fields yield the greatest increase of any soils in Saxony. The income is about L.23,000 Sterling ; but it is burdened with a heavy debt of L.140,000. Both are under a commission, who regulate the expences, and apply the savings to diminish the debt. It has no regular troops.. The extent is '207,160 acres, The inhabitants are Lutherans and Reformed. The former have 19, the latter 28 parish priests. The only city is which contains. 5500 inhabit.
Reus, younger branch, a principality divided into several districts, and much separated by the inter vention of other states. It is generally an agricul tural country, producing corn, potatoes, and flax. It breeds many sheep, the race of which has been improved by a mixture with those that yield the finer kinds of wool. There are some mines of iron. A considerable portion of cotton goods were manufac. tured, and some hosiery ; the former has diminished much since the peace. The inhabitants are 52,205 ; the extent is 2143,640 acres. The revenue is about L.23,000 Sterling. The national debt is liquidating fast, and does not amount to quite L.6000.. It has no regular troops ; but the Militia, which is orga nized, must supply the contingent of 522 men, whenever they are required. The cities are, Gera, with 7373 inhabitants ; Schleis (the capital), with 4620; and Lobenstein, with 2716.
Waldeck, a principality surrounded by Prussia and Hanover. It is a very mountainous country, filled with mines, the geology of which is less known than that of any other part of Germany. The land is generally poor, and much encumbered with stones. Even in very fruitful years, it scarcely grows suffi cient corn for its consumption, but must be supplied from the neighbouring states. Its poorer population
subsist almost wholly on potatoes. In a beautiful valley, surrounded with lofty hills, the springs of Pyrmont rise, from which salts are made ; and the place, in the summer, is crowded with visitors. The extent of the dominion is 293,970 acres ; the inha bitants are 51,877 ;. the revenue is about L.40,000 Sterling, but it is very deeply involved in debt. It has no regular troops, but a militia of 11,000 men, from whom the contingent of 518 must be supplied when wanted. The capital is Arolsen, a town of 1600 inhabitants. There is no city. Pyr mont has 1600 residents ; but, in the season, has fre quently from 2000 to 3000 who repair to the waters. From 300,000 to 350,000 bottles of the water are annually sent away.
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, a duchy on the banks ' of the Danube, which runs through it. The coun try is generally poor, and produces little corn. The breeding of cattle is the principal husbandry. There are some iron mines, and some small manufactories of toys, yarn, potash, glass, and iron-ware. The ex tent is 293,120 acres ; the inhabitants 37,032. They are all Catholics. The revenue is about L. 30,000 Sterling. It has no regular troops, but some militia: its contingent is 370 men. Sigmaringen, the capi tal, has only 777 inhabitants; all the other towns are small.
Hohenzollern-Hechingen, a principality on the Swabian mountains. In the willies, it is very fertile, and produces more corn than the consumption re quires. The'extent is 68,480 acres; the inhabitants are 14,500, all Catholics. The revenue is about L.12,000 Sterling ; the debt is annihilated, and the taxes are light. There are no troops, but militia ; the contingent is 145 men. Hechingen, the capital, contains 2600 inhabitants.
Schauenburg-Lippe, a beautiful principality be tween Minden and Hanover. It is very fertile and well cultivated. There are some valuable minas of coal in it, which are extensively worked. The ex tent is 138,880 acres. The inhabitants are 23.684, the greater part of whom are Lutherans; but in two of the towns, the Reformed is the prevailing party. The revenue is about L. 22,000 Sterling, which is principally derived from the sovereign domains. There is one company of regular troops in a small fortress on the Stein-huder lake. The capital, Biicke burg, has 2060 inhabitants, and another place, Stad thagen, 1461.