Canal
Canal, An Artificial Channel For Water, Formed For Purposes Of Drainage, Irrigation, Or Navigation, But Now Usually Employed To Designate Only Such Cuts As Are Intended For The Passage Of Vessels.* Canals Date From A Period Long Anterior To The Christian Era, And Were Employed As A Means Of Irrigation ...
Canary Grass
Canary Grass, Pludaris Careriensis, A Grass Of Which The Seed Is Much Used, Under The Name Of Canary Seed, As Food For Cage-birds, And Which Is, On That Account, Cultivated To Some Extent In The S. Of Europe, And In Certain Districts Of Germany And England. It Is A Native ...
Canceling Of Deeds And
Canceling Of Deeds And Wills. The Word Cancel Comes From The Lat. Eancelli (lattice-work), And A Deed Was Formerly Said To Be Canceled When Lines Were Dra•u Over It In The Form Of Lattice-work. The Word Cancel Is Now Used To Signify Any Sort Of Obliteration. The Court Of Chancery ...
Cancer
Cancer, A Disease Characterized By Slow Alterations Of Structure, Or Tumors In Vari Ous Parts Of The Body, Occurring Either Simultaneously Or In A Certain Order Of Succes Sion. In Many Cases, An Isolated Tumor In An External Part Is The Earliest Symptom; It Is Then Viewed At The Starting-point ...
Candelabrum
Candelabrum, A Latin Word Signifying Properly A Candlestick (from Candela, A Candle), But More Frequently Employed To Mean A Support For A Lamp. There Were, Per Haps, No Articles Of Furniture In Which The Ancients Combined The Beautiful With The Useful To So Large An Extent As In Their Candlesticks ...
Candia
Candia, In Turkish, "kutm'," Called In The Most Ancient Times Kltra, Afterwards Caa, One Of The Largest Islands Of The Mediterranean, Is Situated At The Entrance Of The Archipelago, In Long. 23° 40' To 26° 40' E., Lat. 34° 50' To 35° 55' North. It Is Very Irregular In Form, ...
Candle
Candle, A Cylinder Of Wax Or Fatty Matter, With A Wick, Intended For Giving Light. Candles Are Made Principally Of Tallow; Also Of The Solid Portion Of Palm And Cocoa-nut Oils, Bleached Wax, Spermaceti, And Paraffin, And Other Oily Substances Found In Coal, Shale, And Gas-tar. They Are Either Dipped, ...
Candleberry Myrtle Caitdieberry
Caitdieberry, Candleberry Myrtle, Wax Tree, Was :myrtle, Tallow Tree, Or Bayberry, Ityrica Eerifera, A Small Tree Or Shrub Of 4 To 18 Ft. High, But Generally A Low-spreading Shrub, A Native Of The United States Of America, But Most Abundant And Luxuriant In The South. It Belongs To The Natural ...
Candlemas
Candlemas, In Its Ecclesiastical Meaning, Is The Feast Of The Purification Of The Virgin Mary, And Is Observed On The 2d Of February. This Festival Is Very Strictly Kept By The Roman Catholic Church, There Being A Procession With Many Lighted Candles, And Those Required For The Service Of The ...
Canker
Canker, In The Foot Of The Horse. This Malady, Believed By Gerlach, Of Berlin, To Be Truly Cancerous, Is Observed In Two Different Forms: In The Acute Stage, When The Malady Is Chiefly Local; And In The Chronic Stage, When The Constitution Suffers, And All Local Remedies Fail To Restore ...
Canker Worm
Canker Worm, Anisopterys, A Genus Of Destructive Insects Of The Order Lepidoptera And Family Geometridre. The Female Moths, From The Eggs Of Which This Worm Comes, Are Wingless. In The Spring They Creep Up The Trunks Of Trees, On Which They Deposit Their Eggs. These Soon Produce The Worms, Which ...
Cannibal
Cannibal (derived From A Variety In The Spelling Of Caribs, The Original Inhabitants Of The West India Islands, Who Were Reputed To Be Man-eaters, And Some Tribes Of Whom, Having No R In Their Language, Pronounced Their Name Cana), Means, Like The Greek Word Antliropophagos, Which Is Often Used Instead ...
Cannon
Cannon Is A General Name For Large Pieces Of Ordnance Or Artillery, As Distinguished From Those Pieces Which Can Be Held In The Hand While Being Fired. No Military Weapon In Use Before The Invention Of Gunpowder Can Fairly Come Under This Designation; They Were More Generally Of The Kinds ...
Cannon Founding
Cannon Founding. Since Sir W. Armstrong Succeeded, By A Process First Brought Under The Notice Of The British Government In 1854, In Making Of Malleable Iron A Field Gun Of Far Greater Efficiency Than Any Previously In Use, Cannon Founding Has In Most European Countries Gradually Ceased. This Manufacture, Which ...
Canon
Canon, An Ecclesiastical Dignitary, So Called As Living Under A Rule, Or As Following The Rule Or Canon Of Divine Service. His Otlice Is Of No Great Antiquity. According To Paschier, The Name Was Not Known Before Charlemagne. This, However, Is Not Precisely True, For The Term C. Was Applied ...
Canon Law
Canon Law Is A Collection Of Ecclesiastical Constitutions For The Government And Regulation Of The Roman Catholic Church, Although Many Of Its Regulations Have Been Admitted Into The Ecclesiastical System Of The Church Of England, And Still Influence Other Protestant Bodies. It Was Compiled From The Opinions Of The Ancient ...
Canonization
Canonization, In The Church Of Rome, The Act Of The Pope By Which A Deceased Person Is Solemnly Declared To Be A Saint. It Had Its Origin In The Practice Of The Early Church, Of Inserting In The Commemorative Prayer Of The Eucharistic Liturgy The Roll Of The Names Of ...
Canopy
Canopy (lat. Canopeum; Gr. Kimirption, From Kiiirops, Gnat Or Mosquito). The Derivation Of This Word Throws A Curious Light On Its Original Meaning, Which Probably Was A Mosquito Curtain. The Simplest Form Of C., In This Its Primitive Sense, Is That Mentioned By Herodotus (ii. 95), Who Tells Us That ...
Canpi
Canpi, A Family Of Artists, Who Founded At Cremona, In The Middle And Near The Close Of The 16th C., An Eclectic School Of Painting, Parallel With That Founded By The Family Caracci (q.v.). Giulio C. (1500-72) Was The Head Of The School. He Studied Painting, Sculpture, And Architecture Under ...
Canpvere
Canpvere, Now Called Vere, Veere, Or Ter-vere, A Small Fortified T. On The N.e. Of The Island Of Walcheren, In The Netherlands Province Of Zealand, 4 In. U.u.e. Of .middelburg. It Has A Port On The Veersche Gat, Which Runs Front The Sloe To The Roompot, Separating Walcheren From North ...
Canrobert
Canrobert, Franceos Certain, De, Marshal Of France, B. In 1809, Studied In The Military School Of St. Cyr. And In 1828 Entered The Army. In 1835, He Sailed For Algeria, And During The War In The Province Of Oran Was Made A Rapt. In The Storming Of Constantine, He Was ...
Canteen
Canteen', Is A Refreshment-house In A Barrack, For The Use Of The Soldiers. The Chief Articles Of Food Are Supplied To The Troops Direct By The Government; But Wine, Malt Liquor, And Small Grocery-wares, The Soldier Is Left To Buy For Himself; And The C. Is, Or Is Intended To ...
Canterbury
Canterbury, A Municipal And Parliamentary Borough, A Co. By Itself, A Cathedral City, And Seat Of The Metropolitan See Of All England, In East Kent, On The Stour, 56 M. E.s.e Of London, On The High-road From London To Dover. The Distance From London By The South-eastern Railway Is 81 ...
Cantharis
Can'tharis (gr. A Small Beetle, Plural Canthar'ides), A Genus Of Insects Of The Order Coleoptera, Section Heteromera. See Coleoptera. It Belongs To A Family Called Traehel Ides, Or Necked Beetles, The Head Being Separated From The Thorax By A Distinct Neck Or Pedicle, And Forms The Type Of A Subdivision ...
Canticles
Canticles, A Word Which Literally Signifies Songs, But Which Is Specially Applied To A Canonical Book Of The Old Testament, Called In Hebrew The Song Of The Most Beautiful Song. The Author Is Commonly Supposed To Be Solomon, And In The Rich Luxurious Splendor Of Its Coloring, It Admirably Harmonizes ...
Canton
Canton, A Large Commercial City And Port In The S. Of China, And Capital Of The Province Of Kwang-tung (of Which The Name C. Is Merely A Corruption). It Is Situated In Lat. 23° 7' 10" N., And Long. 113° 14' 30" E., On The N. Side Of The Chookeang, ...
Caoutchouc
Caoutchouc', Gum Elastic, Or India Rubber, A Substance Which, On Account Of Its Peculiar Properties, Is Extensively Used In The Arts, And Of Which The Use Is Continually And Rapidly Increasing. It Is One Of The Products Of The Wonderful Chemistry Of Nature, Found In The Milky Juices Of Plants, ...
Cape Town
Cape Town, The Capital Of Cape Colony, Faces Table Bay To The N.e., Is Flanked By The Mountain Lion's Head, With Its Continuation To Lion's Rump Or Signal Hill, And Has Behind It The Precipices Of Table Mountain. Its Lat. Is 33° 56' S., Its Long. 18° 28' 7' East. ...
Cape Verd Islands
Cape Verd Islands (rhas Verdes), A Group Of Islands Belonging To Portugal, Lying In Lat. 14° 45' To 17° 19' N., And Long. 22°45' To 25° 25' W., And Distant About 320 M. W. Of The Cape From Which They Take Their Name. The Principal Islands Are Ten—viz., Santiago, The ...
Cape Of Good Hope
Cape Of Good Hope, A British Colony, Was So Called From The Cape On Its S.w. Extremity. It Was Established By The Dutch In 1652, Some Attempts At A Settlement Hav Ing Been Previously Made By The Portuguese. The Former Only Intended It At First As An Intermediate Station Between ...
Capercaillie Capercailzie
Capercail'zie, Capercaillie, Wood-grouse, Or Cock Of Ute Woods (tetra° Vro Gallus), The Largest Of The Gallinaceous Birds Of Europe. It Is A Species Of Grouse (q.v.), Almost Equal In Size To The Turkey; The Male, Which Is The Largest, Sometimes Weighing Fifteen Pounds Or More. In Figure And Appearance, It ...
Capers
Capers Are The Pickled Flower-buds Of The Caper-hush (capparis Spinosa). They Have In Agreeable Pungency Of Taste, With A Slight Bitterness, And Have Long Been In Very Gen Eral Use As A Condiment And Ingredient Of Sauces, Along With Boiled Mutton And Other Kinds Of Food. They Possess Medicinal Properties, ...
Capetian Dynasty
Ca'petian Dynasty, The Third Frankish Dynasty, Founded About The Close Of The 10th C., When Hugo Capet Ascended The Throne. The Surname Capet Has Been Derived From Cappetus, Monk's Hood," Because, Though Duke Of France, Hugo Was Also Abbot Of St. Martin De Tours. On The Death Of The Last ...
Capiilets And Montagues
Capiilets And Montagues, The English Spelling Of The Names Of The Cappelletti And Montecchi, Two Noble Families Of Northern Italy, Chiefly Memorable From Their Connec Tion With The Legend On Which Shakespeare Has Founded His Play Of Romeo And Juliet. According To Tradition, Both Families Belonged To Verona; But This ...
Capillary Action
Capillary Action. When A Clean Glass Tube With A Fine Bore, Open At Both Ends, Is Plunged Into A Liquid Capable Of Wetting It, Such As Water, The Liquid Is Found (1) To Rise In The Tube Above The Level Of Its Surface In The Vessel Containing It; (2) To ...
Capital
Capital, In Trade And Political Economy, Is In Its Restricted Sense Applied To The Money, Or The Property Convertible Into Money, With Which A Trader Or Producer Car Ries On His Business. In This Sense, Adam Smith And Many Other Writers Call It Stock; And There Is A Convenience In ...
Capital Punishment
Capital Punishment In Criminal Jurisprudence Is The Punishment Of Death. It Is Called Capital Punishment Because The Head (lat. Caput), From Being The Most Vital, Is Usually That Part Of The Body Which Is Acted On. This Applies Especially To Beheading And Hanging; But Almost All Modes Of Depriving A ...
Capital Punishments In Tile
Capital Punishments In Tile Army And Navy.-1. In The Army.—the Law On This Subject Is Contained In The 19th Of The Articles Of War Now In Force, Which Prescribes Death As The Punishment Of The Following Offenses, Or Such Other Punishment As By A Court-martial Shall Be Awarded. (1) Any ...
Capital_2
Capital Account—such Is The Name Given To What Concerns The Capital Stock Of A Railway Or Other Public Company. In Authorizing A Railway Company—which We Take As An Example—parliament Gives Power To Raise So Much Money By Shares, And So Much By Borrowing. The Amount That May Be Borrowed Is ...
Capitol
Capitol, The Fortress Of Ancient Rome, And Site Of The National Sanctuary The Temple Of Jupiter, Was Situated On The Mons Capitolinus, The Smallest But Most Famous Of The Seven Hills On Which Rome Was Built. The Hill Itself Was First Termed Irons Saturninus, Afterwards _mons Tarpeius And Rupes Tarpeia, ...
Capri
Capri (the Ancient Caprea), A Charming Island In The Mediterranean, At The Entrance Of The Bay Of Naples, About 3 M. From Cape Campanella, And 20 M. S. Of The City Of Naples. On Its Small Area Of About 11 In. In Circumference, It Displays A Rich Variety Of Beautiful ...
Capsicum
Capsicum, A Genus Of Plants Of The Natural Order Solanacece, Having A Wheel-shaped Corolla, Projecting And Converging Stamens, And A Dry Berry. The Species Are All Of A Shrubby, Bushy Appearance, And Have More Or Less Woody Stems, Although They Are Annual Or Biennial Plants. The Number Of Species Is ...
Capture
Capture May Be Simply Defined As Prize Taken In Time Of War. The Law On This Subject Is Stated With Precision In A Paper Addressed On Behalf Of The British Govern Ment To The American Ambassador At London In Sept., 1794: " When Two Powers Are At War, They Have ...
Capva
Capva, A Fortified City Of Italy, In The Province Of Caserta, Beautifully Situated In A Rich Plain, On The Left Bank Of The Volturno, About 18 M. N. Of The City Of Naples, With Which It Is Connected By Railway, It Is A Military Station Of The First Class, Its ...
Car Rageen
Car Rageen, Often Incorrectly Called C. Moss, Or Limn Moss, A Sea-weed (nat Ural Order, Algce; Sub-order, Ceranziacem), Or Rather Several Species Of Sea-weed, Now Used To A Considerable Extent Both Medicinally And As An Article Of Food. The Name C. Is Originally Irish; And The Use Of These Sea-weeds ...
Caracalla
Caracalla, Properly Named Marcus Aurelius Antonini's Bassianus, A Roman Emperor, Time Son Of The Emperor Septimius Severus, Was B. At Lyon, 188 A.d. Lle Was Playfully Named By His Father Caracalln, From His Long Hooded Tunic, Made In The Fashion Of The Gauls, And So Called In Their Language. After ...
Carat
Carat, Originally, It Would Seem, The Name Given To The Seeds Of The Abyssinian Coral Flower (q.v.) Or Coral-tree (erytkrina Abyssinica); But These, Which Are Small, And Very Equal In Size, Having Been Used In Weighing Gold And Precious Stones, C. Has Become The Designation Of The Weight Commonly Used ...
Caravan
Caravan (from The Persiiin Icarran, I.e., Trader), The Name Given To The Great Assem Blages Of Travelers Which, At Stated Times, Traverse The Deserts Of Asia And Africa. Many Caravans Are Entirely For The Purposes Of Trade, The Merchants Associating Them Selves For Mutual Help And Protection. A C. Sometimes ...
Caraway
Caraway, Carum Carol, A Plant Of The Natural Order Tnbelliferer, Growing Abun Dantly In Meadows And Rich Pastures In The Middle And S. Of Europe, And In Some Parts Of Asia, Naturalized In Many Places In Britain. In Some Parts Of Holland And Germany, And Also In The Counties Of ...
Carbolic Acid
Carbolic Acid. Since The Article On This Substance First Appeared In The Encycle Padia, Much Has Been Ascertained Regarding Its Uses, Both As A Therapeutic Agent And As A Disinfectant. It Has Been Introduced Into The New British Pharmacopoeia (1867), Where Its Characters And Tests Are Thus Described: "in Colorless ...
Carbon
Carbon Is One Of The Elementary Substances Largely Diffused In Nature. It Occurs Uncombined In The Mineral Graphite, Or Black-lead (q.v.), And In The Diamond (q.v.), Is Pure Crystallized Carbon. It Is Much More Abundant, However, In A State Of Combination. United With Oxygen, It Occurs As Carbonic Acid (co2) ...
Carbonari
Carbona'ri (literally "colliers" Or "charcoal-burners"), The Name Of A Secret Politi Cal Society, First, In Some Degree, Made Known In 1820. The Constitution, Like Time Pre Cise Objects Of The C., Still Remains In A Great Measure Secret; Though They Have Printed Instructions, Catechisms, Statutes, Rituals, Etc., For Their Associates. ...
Carbonic Oxide
Carbonic Oxide Is A Compound Of One Atom Of Carbon And One Atom Of Oxygen, Is Represented By The Symbol Co, And Has The Atomic Weight 18. It Does Not Occur Natu Rally, But May Be Observed Burning With A Pale-blue Flame In Fire-places And Stoves, Especially In Frosty Weather. ...
Carboniferous System
Carboniferous System, The Name Given To The Strata Which, In Geological Order, Rest Upon The Devonian Measures, And Are Capped By The Permian Series. They Derive Their Designation From The Amount Of Carbon Contained In Them, For To Them The Great Coal-fields Of The World Belong. In An Economic Sense, ...
Cardiff
Cardiff (cier- Ttz Ia Fort Of The Taff), A Parliamentary And Municipal Borough And Sea Port, One Of The County Towns Of Glamorgan, South Wales, Situated On The River Taff, 170 M. W. Of London By Railway. The Population Has Risen From 2,000 In 1801, To 56,911 In 1871, With ...
Cardiganshire
Cardiganshire, A Maritime Co. In South Wales, On Cardigan Bay, With An Area Of 675 Sq.m., A Half Being Waste. The Surface Is Hilly, Interspersed With ?ertile Valleys. A Rugged, Bleak Range Of Hills Runs Through The Middle Of The Co., From The S.w. To The N.e., Between The Coast ...
Cardinal
Cardinal (lat. Cardinalis, Principal, From Cardo, A Hinge). Cardinals Are The High Est In The Roman Church After The Pope, Whose Electors And Councilors Tliey Are. Rhe Title, However, Had At First A More General Application. The Pope Being The Sovereign Bishop Over The Whole Romish Church, And Having, As ...
Cardinal Virtues
Cardinal Virtues (lat. Cardinalis, Chief, From Cardo, A Hinge). The C. V. Of The Ancients Were Justice, Prudence, Temperance, Fortitude. They Were So Called Because The Whole Of Human Virtue Was Supposed To Hinge Or Turn Upon Them. In Other Words, They Were Considered As A Full And Comprehensive Classification ...
Cards
Cards. All That We Know Of C., For Certain, Is, That They Are Of Ancient And Eastern Origin. What Is Asserted By Count De Gebelin And The Earliest Writers Upon The Subject, That In Their Primary Stage They Constituted Some Sort Of Symbolic And Even Moral Game, Is Not So ...
Caricature
Caricature (ital. Caricature, From Caruicare, To Load Or Overcharge). The Etymology Of This Word Indicates Its Meaning Very Distinctly, Which Is That Of A Representation Of A Face, Form, Or Character, In Which The Salient Features Are Exaggerated Or Overloaded, To The Extent Of Producing A Ludicrous Effect, Without Entirely, ...
Caries
Caries (rottenness) Is A Disease Of Bone Analogous To The Ulceration Of Soft Tissues It Is Characterized By A Gradual Loss Of Substance, From The Particles Of Bone Being Absorbed, Or Being Cast Off And Washed Away In A Purulent Discharge. It Begins As An Unhealthy Inflammation, Followed By Exudation ...
Carinthia
Carin'thia (ger. Karnthen), A Crown-land Of The Austrian Empire, Forming Part Of The Old Kingdom Of Illyria, With An Area Of 3,958 Sq.m., And A Pop. In 1869, Of 337,694, Which Is Rather Less Than What It Was In 1854. The Principal River Is The Drave, Which Passes Through The ...
Carlisle
Carlisle, A Parliamentary And Municipal Borough, Episcopal City, And Ancient Town In North Cumberland, The Capital Of The Co., 12 M. C. Of The Solway Firth, 300 M. N.w. By N. Of London, 101 M. S. Of Edinburgh, And 60 W.s.w. Of Newcastle. It Is A Chief Station On The ...
Carlos De Bourbon
Carlos De Bourbon, Don Maria Isiemr, B. Mar. 29, 1788, Was The Second Son Of Charles Iv. Of Spain, And Was Educated Chiefly By Priests. After The Expulsion Of The French From Spain, His Brother, Ferdinand Vii., Reasceuded The Throne; But Having Married Thrice Without Issue, Don C. Began To ...
Carlovingians
Carlovingians, The Second Dynasty Of Frankish Kings. The Origin Of The Family Is Traced To Aruu1ph, Bishop Of Metz, Who D. In 631. His Son, Ansegise, Married A Daughter Of Pepin, Of Landen, In Austrasia. His Sons, Martin And Pepin D'heristall (q.v.), As The Greatest Territorial Lords In Austrasia, Were ...
Carlow
Carlow, The Capital T. Of Carlow Co., Ireland, Situated At The Confluence Of The Burren And The Barrow, 56 M. S.w. Of Dublin By Rail. It Is A Well-built Town, With Two Principal Streets, From Which Branch Many Smaller Ones, And A Suburb, Graigue, Iu Queen's Co., On The Opposite ...
Carlstadt
Carlstadt, Kantsranr, Or Karolostadt (real Name, Andreas Rudolf Bodenstlin), 1480-1541; It German Reformer, At First A Friend And Afterwards An Oppo Nent Of Luther. He Became A Professor In Wittenberg, First In Philosophy- And Then In Theology, And In 1511 Was Rector Of The University, About Which Time He Became ...
Carnarvon
Carnarvon, Hasur Ilowano Molyn•ux Herbert, Fourth Earl Of, B. In Grosvenor Square, 1831. His Family Is A Branch Of The House Of Herbert, Earls Of Pembroke, Spring Ing From Maj.gen. The Hon. W. Herbert, Whose Son, Henry, Was Created, In 1780, Baron Porchester Of Highelere, Hampshire, And Advanced To The ...
Carnation
Carnation, One Of The Finest Of Florists' Flowers, A Double-flowering Variety Of The Clove Pink (dianthus Caryophyllus, See Pink), And Existing Only In A State Of Cultivation. It Has Long Been A Universal Favorite, Both On Account Of Its Beauty And Fragrance, Although It Does Not Appear To Have Been ...
Carniola
Carnio'la (ger. Krain), A Crown-land Of The Austrian Empire, Formerly Part Of The Kingdom Of Illyria, Has An Area Of 3,850 Sq.m., With A Pop. (1869) Of 466,334, Being A Decrease Of Nearly 40,000 As Compared With The Census Return Of 1854. A Continuation Of The Carinthian Alps Passes Through ...
Carnival
Carnival (from The Lat. Taro, Flesh, And Sale, Farewell—" Farewell To Flesh !"), A Fes Tival In Italy, Which Originally Began On The Feast Of The Epiphany, And Continued To Ash-wsdnesda3r, When The Fast Of Lent Made An End Of The Preceding Feasting, Masquer Ading, And Buffoonery. In Later Times, ...
Carotid Artery
Carotid Artery. The Great Artery Which On Each Side Distributes Blood To The Different Parts-of The Head, Appears To Have Derived Its Name Either From Gr. Kara, The Head, Or, More Probably, From Gr. Kora% Sleep, There Being An Old Idea, Which The Researches Of Dr. Alexander Fleming Have Shown ...
Carp
Carp, Cyprinus Carpio, A Fish Of The Family Cyprinitio3 (q.v.), Of Which, Indeed, It. May Be Regarded As The Type, A Native Of The Central Countries Of Europe, And Corre Sponding Latitudes In Asia, But On Account Of Its Value As An Article Of Food, Long Natu Ralized In Many ...
Carpathian Mountains
Carpa'thian Mountains, The Mountains Which Inclose Hungary And Transyl Vania On The N., C., And S. In A Great Semicircle (whose Concavity Is Towards The S.w.), Extending Over A Space Of 800 M. From Presburg On The Danube To Orsova On The Same River, Between ]at. 44° 30: To 49° ...
Carpentry
Carpentry Is The Is'of Framing Timber For Architectural And Other Purposes. Technically, The Term Is Restricted To The Framing Of Heavy Work, Such As The Roofs, Floorings, Partitions, And All The Wood-work Concerned In Maintaining The Stability Of An Edifice, While The Minor And Ornamental Fittings Are Called Joinery; But ...
Carpets
Carpets. Woven C., Such As Are Now So Common In This Country, Were First Used In The East, Where The Custom Of Sitting Cross-legged On The Floor Still Renders Them Especially Useful. Our Rude Forefathers. Covered The Floors Of Their Houses With Rushes, Hair, Or Straw; And In Norwegian Farm-houses, ...
Carpzov
Carpzov, A Saxon Family Descended From Simon Carpzov, Burgomaster Of Bran Denburg About The Middle Of The 16th Century. Ile Left Two Sons—benedict And Simon. Benedict, 1565-1634, Was A Jurist And Professor Of Law At Wittenberg; And In 1602, Chan Cellor To Sophia. Electress Of Saxony. Lle Died At Wittenberg, ...
Carrickfergiis
Carrickfer'giis, A Seaport T. Of Ireland, Is Situated On The Lough Of Belfast, About 10 M. Distant From The Town Of That Name. Though Locally Within The Co. Of Antrim, It Forms A Co. Of Itself. C. Extends Nearly A Mile Along The North-western Shore Of The Lough. Its Chief ...
Carrier Pigeon
Carrier Pigeon, A Variety Of The Domestic Pigeon (q.v.), Remarkable For The Degree In Which It Possesses The Instinct And Power Of Returning From A Distance To Its Accus Tomed Home; And Which Has Been, Therefore, Much Employed To Convey Letters From One Place To Auother. In Eastern Countries, Where ...
Carriers
Carriers (ante). In The United States, Common Carriers Are Such As Transport For Hire For All Persons Indifferently. They Operate Both On Land And Water, And Embrace Stage-coach Proprietors, Railway And Steamboat Companies, Truckmen, Teamsters, Express Companies, Etc., Including Owners And Masters Of Every Kind Of Vessel Or Water-craft Who ...
Carriers
Carriers, A Class Of Persons Who, In Various Forms, By Land And Sea, Undertake The Carrying Of Goods, Particularly Articles Of Commerce. In All Countries Aspiring To Commer Cial Intercourse, The Carrying Trade, As It Is Called, Has Been Less Or More Developed. The Method Of Carrying In Arabia, Persia, ...
Carriers Of Passengers
Carriers Of Passengers. (see Carriers, Ante.) Persons Who Carry Passengers Are Not Held Responsible As Insurers Of The Safety Of Their Freight As Carriers Of Goods Are Held. But They Are Held To The Highest Degree Of Watchfulness And Care In All The Conduct Of Their Business. So Far As ...
Carrot
Carrot, Daucus, A Genus Of Plants Of The Natural Order Umbelliferce. They Are Mostly Natives Of The Countries Surrounding The Mediterranean Sea. The Common C. (d. Rarota) Is A Biennial Plant, Common In Britain And Most Parts Of Europe, Also In The Cauen-ms; And Is Universally Cultivated Not Only In ...
Carse
Carse Is A Term Applied In Scotland To Low Lands Adjoining Rivers. The Word Is Of Uncertain Origin. In Stirlingshire, It Is Restricted In Its Sense To The Level Alluvial Soils Which Are Only A Few Feet Above The River Forth. In Perthshire, It Also Applies To The Whole Of ...
Cart
Cart, A Species Of Carriage With Two Wheels, In Which Respect It Differs From The Ordinary Wagon That Has Four Wheels. There Are Different Kinds Of Carts, According To The Nature Of The Goods Or Articles To Be Carried, And They Also Differ Considerably In Different Countries. The C. Is ...
Cartagena
Cartage'na, A Fortified Seaport Of Spain, On A Bay Of The Mediterranean, In Lat 37° 36 N., Long. 0' 57' W. It Is Built Partly On The Declivity Of A Hill, And Partly On A Plain Extending Down To The Sea, And Is Inclosed By Hills Which Screen It From ...
Carthage
Carthage, Called Carthago By The Romans, Carehetion By The Greeks, Both Of Which Are But Forms Of The Native Name Kartle-hadtha, I.e., " New Town" (found On Ancient Coins), Was The Greatest City Of Antiquity On The Rt. Coast Of Africa, And Was Situated In What Now Constitutes The State ...