Girth (gerth). The circumference of anything; or the distance around a column.
Glyphs (glifs). The channels cut in the face of the Doric triglyph. (See Fig. 7.) Greek Fret (grek fret). A geometrical, repeating ornament, generally used to ornament a fascia, band, or frieze. (See L and N, Plate XL.) Grille (gril). The barred metal work—or other material—forming an enclos ing screen, or protecting the openings of a structure. (See doorway, Plate LVIII.) Groined (groind). The term applied to the curved intersection of two vaults meeting each other at any angle. (See Fig. 27.) Gu4lloche (gi-losh'). The term given a series of interlocking circles or curved lines forming an ornamental, repeated design; a Classic method of deco rating a flat or slightly curved band. (See M and 0 in Plate XL.) Guttæ (gut's), pl. of Gutta. One of a series of pending ornaments, generally in the form of a frustum of a cone—but sometimes cylindrical—attached to the underside of the mutule and regula of the Doric entablature. (See Figs. 7 and 8.) They probably represent the wooden pegs or tree-nails which occupied these positions in primitive wooden construction.
Hadrian (hA'dri-an). Roman emperor, A. D. 76-138. Did much towards restoring and improving Rome. Erected temples to Trajan, Venus, etc. Halicarnassus (hal-i-kar-nas'sus). A Dorian city in Asia Minor, famous for the mausoleum built there by Artemis for her husband.
Hatching (hach'ing). A method of drawing diagonal parallel lines to indicate or emphasize certain parts of a design; when these are crossed by other lines, the drawing is termed cross-hatching. (See C, D, E, and F, Fig. 2.) Helix (he'liks), p1. of Helices (he'lis-ez). Any spiral; particularly a small vo lute or twist under the abacus of the Corinthian capital. (See Cauliculus.) Hera (he'ra). Wife of Zeus. Queen of the heavens. There existed a famous statue of her in the Temple of Argos, and at Samos a Greek Ionic Temple in her honor.
Hercules (her'ku-lez). A Greek god. At Cora is an early Roman Doric square temple of Greek workmanship, called by his name. (See Fig. 139.) Hermes (her'mez). A small, square shaft, generally tapering toward the bot tom and terminating at the top in a bust or head.
Hexastyle (heks'a-stfl). Having six columns. (See Fig. 33.) Hypæthral (lu'pe'thral). Open to the sky; lacking a roof. (See Fig. 34.) Hypostyle (hi'po-stil). Containing pillars.
Honeysuckle (hun'i-suk-l). An architectural ornament suggested by the flower, generally used on a decorative frieze. (See Q in Plate XL.) Hypotrachelium (hi'po-tra-ke'li-um). In the Dorie Order the junction of the capital and the shaft, marked by a bevel or cut around the lower edge of the capital block. (See Fig. 39.) Ictinus (ic-ti'nus). A famous architect of Greece belonging to the second half of the 5th century B. C. lie was the chief designer of the Parthenon and of the Temple of Apollo near Phigalia.
Ilissus (i-lis'sus). A small river in Attica that flows through a part of the city of Athens.
Impost (im'post). The horizontal mouldings which receive, or upon which rest, an arch springing from a wall or square column. (See Fig. 4.) Intercolumniation (in'ter-ko-lum-ni-a'shon). A spaeing apart of columns. The distance in the clear between columns. (See Figs. 18, I9, 89, 90, 143, 144, and 145.) Interior (in-te'ri-or). The inside of a building, house, or room.
Intersection (in-ter-sek'shon). The crossing of any two or more lines at any angle with eaeh other.
Intrados (in-tra'dos). The interior curve of an arch. (See Fig. 96.) Ionic (i-on'ik). One of the three Greek Orders—named from the Ionic race, by whom it is held to have been developed and perfected—the most dis tinguishing feature of which is the volute of the capital with its "roll" ends and two faces. (See Fig. 50.) Jambs (jamz). The vertical side pieces of any opening in a wall, such as a door or window, the top being generally termed a soffit. (ee Fig. 84.) Jupiter Olympus (jfi'pi-ter 6-lym'pus). The supreme Greek deity. The best known temple to this god is the Corinthian building at Athens, begun by Greek workmeh about 170 B. C., and finished by them 117 A. D. under Hadrian. (See Plate LII.) Kanawat (kan'a-wat). A town in Syria containing some examples of early Roman architecture.