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Chamber's Encyclopedia, Volume 12

James Rennel
Rennel, James, A Well-known English Geographer, Was B. Near Chndleigh, Devon Shire, 1742, And Entered The Navy As A Midshipman At The Age Of 15, Distinguishing Himself Under Admiral Parker At The Siege Of Pondicherry. At The Age Of 24 Lie Left The Navy, And Enlisted As An Officer Of ...

Jean Jacques Rousseau
Rousseau, Jean Jacques, A French Author: Celebrated Not Less For The Singularities Of His Character, And The Misfortunes Of His Life, Than For The Brilliancy And Sentimental Enthusiasm Of His Writings, Was Born At Geneva June 28, 1712. The Family To Which He Belonged Was Of French Origin, But Had ...

Jean Marie Roland De
Roland De La Platiere, Jean Marie, A French Minister Of The Revolutionary Period, Was Horn At Mizy, Near Villefranche (beaujolais), Feb. 18, 1734. His First Inde Pendent Appointment Was That Of Inspector-ordinary At Amiens. In 1775, At The House Of A Friend In Amiens Named Sophie Cannel, He Met Marie ...

Jean Paul Friedrich Richter
Richter, Jean Paul Friedrich, Better Known As " Jean Paul," A German Humor Ist And Sentimentalist Of The Greatest Singularity, Hence Called By His Countrymen Der Einzige (the Unique). Was B. At Wunsiedel, In Bavaria, Mar. 21. 1763. His Father, Who Was A Poor Schoolmaster At The Period Of Richter's ...

Jean Racine
Racine, Jean, The Most Admired Of All The French Dramatists, Was B. At Ferte-milon, Dec. 21, 1639, Of A Respectable Family Belonging To The Bourgeohde. At The Age Of Four He Lost Both His Parents, And Then Went To Live With His Maternal Grandfather, By Whom He Was Sent To ...

Jean Rapp
Rapp, Jean, Count, A French Gen., Was B. At Colmar, In The Department Of Haut Rhin, France, April 27, 1773. He Was Intended For The Church, But His Taste For A Mili Tary Life Led Him To Enroll Himself G788)41. The Mounted "ehasseurs" Of The French Army. Rapp Distinguished Himself ...

Jean Retz
Retz, Jean Francois Paiji. De Gondi, Cardinal De, 1614-79; B. 3lontmirail, France, Of A Rich And Noble Family. By His Father He Was Compelled To Enter The Church, With The Intention That He Should Become Archbishop Of Paris, A Position Which Had Already Been Held By Two Members Of His ...

Jeanne Recamier
Recamier, Jeanne Francoise J'elre Adelaide Bernard, Dame, Perhaps The Finest Representative Specimen, In Later Times, Of That Character Peculiarly French, The •• Woman Of Society," The Potentate In Petticoats, Who Sways The Salon, And Out Of It Becomes In Doing So A Sort Of " Unacknowledged Legislator"—was Born At Lyons ...

Johann Georg Rosenmuller
Rosenmuller, Johann Georg, A German Divine And Professor Of Theology Was B. At Ummerstadt In Hildburgimusen, Dec. 18, 1736. He Was Appointed Orofessor Of The Ology At Erlangen In 1773. Primarius Professor Of Divinity At Giessen In 1783, And Was Called In 1765 To Leipsic, Where Be Remained Till His ...

Johann Joseph Radetsky
Radetsky, Johann Joseph Iv'eszmi., Count Of Radetz, And An Austrian Field Marshal, Was Born At Tzrebnitz, In Bohemia, In Nov., 1766; And In 1784 Entered The Austrian Military Service As A Cadet In A Hungarian Cavalry Regiment, Making His First Campaign Against The Turks In He Took Part In The ...

Johann Reiichlin
Reiichlin, Johann, Also Known By His Grncized Nam'e Of Capnio, One Of The First And Most Active Protifoters Of Hebrew Studies In Germany, Whose Labors And Struggles In No Small Degree Helped To Bring About The Reformation, Was Born At. Pforzheim In Baden, Dec. 23, 1455. He Received His Earliest ...

John Rennie
Rennie, John, An Eminent Civil Engineer, Was Horn At Phantassic, Near East Linton, East Lothian, June 7, 1761. His Preliminary Education Was Obtained At The Parish School Of East Linton, And Supplemented By Two Years At Dunbar, Where He Was Indoc Trinated Into Pure Mathematics, After Being For Some Time ...

John Robinson
Robinson, John, 1575-1625; B. England; Educated At Cambridge; Held A Benefice Vicar Yarmouth In Norfolk, But Was Suspended By The Bishop For Nonconformity; Formed A Church Of Independents At Norwich In 1602, Persecuted By The Government, Its Members In 1607 Attempted To Leave For Holland, But Were Prevented By The ...

John Russell Russell
Russell, John Russell, Earl, Kg., English Minister And Statesman, Third Son Of The Sixth Duke Of Bedford, Was Born In Hertford Street, Mayfair. London, Aug. 18, 1792, Educated At Westminster School, Whence He Was Sent To Edinburgh, At That Time Preferred To The English Universities By The Great Whig Families. ...

John Wilmot Rochester
Rochester, John Wilmot, Second Earl Of, Has Left A Name Notorious For Wit And Profligacy. He Was B. April 10, 1647, At Ditchley, Oxfordshire, His Father Being Henry, First Earl, Better Known As The Lord Wilmot Of Clarendon's History. He Was Entered Of Wadham College, Oxford, When Only 12 Years ...

Joseph Ernest Renan
Renan, Joseph Ernest, A Renowned French Theologian And Orientalist, Was B. In 1823 At Treguier (cotes-du-nord). His First Education Be Received At The Hands Of The Priests Who Directed The School Of His Native Place. At 16 Years Of Age He Was Sent To Paris, Where He Entered The Seminary ...

Joseph Robertson
Robertson, Joseph, The Most Accomplished Scottish Antiquary Of The Present Cen Tury, Was B. 'at Aberdeen On May 17. 1810. He Was Educated At Udny, In His Native County, At The Grammar-school Of Aberdeen, And Afterward At The Marischal There. The Law Was 6,hosen For Him As His Profession, But ...

Joseph Von Radowitz
Radowitz, Joseph Von, Prussian General And Statesman, B. Feb. 6, 1797, At Blank Enburg, Was The Son Of A Nobleman Of Hungarian Descent, Received His Professional Edu Cation At Paris, And In The Military School Of The Kingdom Of Westphalia, Which He Left In 1813, In Order To Enter The ...

Jran Jacques Reclus
Reclus, Jran Jacques Elisee, B. 1830 In The Gironde; Son Of A Protestant Pastor. And Early Noted For His Devotion To Republican Principles. After The Coup D'atat Of Louis Napoleon In 1851, Forced To Leave France, He Traveled In Great Britain, The United States, And South America, And Remained For ...

Karl Christian Rafn
Rafn, Karl Christian, A Celebrated Danish Critic And Archeologist, Was B. At Brallesborg, In The Island Of Ftinen, Jan. 16,1796, And Educated At The University Of Copenhagen, Of Which He Was Appointed Sub-librarian In 1821. Even While A Boy At The Gymnasium Of Odense, He Was Distinguished By His Fondness ...

Karl Reiciienbach
Reiciienbach, Karl, Baron Von, A German Naturalist And Technologist, Was B. At Stuttgart, The Capital Of Wiirtemberg, Feb. 19, 17s8, And Educated At Ttibingen, Where He Received The Degree Of Ph.d. Soon After He Conceived The Project Of Founding A New German State In The South Sea, But His Plans ...

Lambert Quetelet
Quetelet, Lambert Anor„prre Jacques, A Celebrated Belgian Statistician And Astronomer, Was B. At Ghent, Feb. 22, 1796, And Studied At The Lyceum Of His Native City, Where, In 1814, He Became Professor Of Mathematics. In 1819 He Was Appointed To The Same Chair At The Brussels Atheneum; And In 1826 ...

Law Prostitutes
Prostitutes, Law As To. It Is Not An Offense In This Co Entry For A Person To Carry On A Course Prostitution In His Or Her Own Person; But When Others Are Incited, Or Forced To That Course, It May Become So, In Certain Circumstances. Thus, For A Person To ...

Law As To Printers
Printers, Law As To. There Were Various Restrictions On The Sale And Use Of Printing-presses, Which Had Been Imposed In Consequence Of The Extended And Secret Influence Often Exercised By Them; And The Law Of Treason And Libel Is Intimately Associ Ated With The Press. By An Act Of 32 ...

Legislation And
Legislation And Management.—in The 'united Kingdom Railways Are The Property Of Independent,companies, Who Construct And Work Them Under The Provisions Of Acts Of Parliament. The First Step Consists In Organizing A Company. Generally A Solicitor And A Few Active Projectors Draw Up A Prospectus, Call Meetings, Suggest The Names Of ...

Leopold Ranke
Ranke, Leopold, One Of The Most Distinguished Modern Historians Of Germany, Was B. At Wiehe, In Thurffigia, Dec. 21, 1795, And Educated For A School-master. In 1s18 He Was Appointed Rector Of The Gymnasium At Frankfort-on-the-oder; And In 1824 Pub Lished At Berlin His First Work, Geschichte Der Roman. And ...

Lld Russell William Howard
Russell. William Howard, Ll.d.. B. Ireland, 1821; Educated At A Private School In Dublin Until 1838, When He Entered Trinity College. He Wrote For The London Times In 1841, And With Such Appreciation As To Be Attached To The Parliamentary Corps Of That Paper In 1843! He Studied At The ...

Lology
Lology. Along With Prepositions Arc Classed Certain Particles, Which, Although They May Not Stand By Themselves And Govern A Case, Are Yet Used In Composition With Verbs In The Same Way As The Prepositions Proper; As In Outrun, Replace. The Simple Prepositions (eng. In, Dan. I, Lat. In, Gr. En; ...

Lord William Russell
Lord William Russell, Son Of William, 5th Earl, Who Has Left An Unperishable Name, As One Of The Most Glorious Martyrs Of English Liberty. He Was Born Sept., 1639; Was Educated At Cambridge; Passed Some Years At Augsburg And Other Places On The Continent, And Returned To England At The ...

Luigi Pulci
Pulci, Luigi, An Italian Poet Of Distinguished Family, Was B. At Florence, Dec. 3, 1431, And Devoted His Life To Study And To Literary Composition. He Was One Of The Most Intimate Friends Of Lorenzo De Medici And Of Poliziano, From The Latter Of Whom He Derived No Little Assistance ...

Madame Roland
Roland, Madame (nee Marie Jeanne Piilipon), Wife Of The Preceding, Was The Daughter Of Pierre Gratien Phlipon, An Engraver, And Was Born At Paris, March 17, 1754. The Precocity Of Her Intelligence Was Remarkable. At The Age Of Four, She Had Quite A Passion For Reading; At Seven, She Learned ...

Magnetism Of Rotation
Rotation, Magnetism Of. This Was Discovered By Arago In The Years 1824-25. He Observed That When A Magnetic Needle Was Made To Oscillate Immediately Above A Copper Plate, It Came Sooner To Rest Than It Did Otherwise. The Oscillations Were Made In The Same Time As When Away From The ...

Marc Antonio Raiiiiondi
Raiiiiondi, Marc Antonio, A Celebrated Engraver. Was B. At Bologna In 1487 Or 1488. Lie Studied For Several Years Under The Celebrated Painter Francia, The Head Of The Old Bolognese School. On Quitting Francia's Studio, He Went To Venice, And Having Seen There, For The First Time, Prints Froth The ...

Marcus Aurelius Pbobus
Pbo'bus, Marcus Aurelius, Emperor Of Rome, Was B. Tit Sirmium, In Pannonia. His Father, Maximus, Served First As A Centurion, And Afterward As A Tribune In The Roman Army, And Died In Egypt, Leaving To His Only Son A Good Name And A Moderate Income. Probus Early Entered The Army, ...

Marcus Regulus
Regulus, Marcus Anirus. A Favorite Hero With The Roman Writers, Was Consul For The First Time 267 N.c., And For His Successes Against The Sallentini, Obtained The Honor Of A Triumph. Chosen. Consul A Second Time 256 D.c., He Was Sent Along With His Colleague L. Manlius Vulso At The ...

Master Of Tre Bevels
Bevels, Master Of Tre, Or Lord Of Mrsnum, The Name Of An Officer, Who, In England, Was Attached To Royal And Other Distinguished Houses, Whose Function It Was To Preside Over The Amusements Of The Court, Or Of The Nobleman To Whose House He Was Attached, During The 12 Christmas ...

Matted Ricci
Ricci, Matted, A Celebrated Italian, Founder Of The Jesuit Missions To China, Was Horn At Macerata., In The Marches Of Ancona, Cet. 6, 1552; And After Studying Law At Rome. Entered The Society Of Jesus In 1571. Six Years Later He Accompanied To India Pere Valistnan, " Inspector-general Of The ...

Matthew Prior
Prior, Matthew, An English Poet, Was B., It Is Supposed, In Loudon, Where His Father Was A Joiner, On July English 1664. Ile Was Educated, Through The Liberality Of An Uncle, At Westminster School; And In 1682 He Was Sent By The Earl Of Dorset, Whose Friendship He Had Formed, ...

Mental Reservation
Reservation, Mental (lat. Rescrratio Or Restrictio Mentalis), The Act Of Reserving Or Holding Back Some Word Or Clause Which Is Necessary To Convey Fully The Meaning Really Intended By The Speaker. It Differs From Equivocation (lat. Equivocatio Or Amplabo!ia) In This, That In The Latter The Words Employed, Although Doubtful. ...

Meter Anselm Rothschild
Rothschild, Meter Anselm, Baron Of The Austrian Empire, Was B. In The Jewa' Alley, Frankfort-on-the-main, In 1743, And 0. In 1812. He Was Brought Up To Be A Priest Of The Hebrew Faith. Being A Man Of Good Character, He Was Employed By The Senate To Raise A Loan In ...

Napoleon Reichstadt
Reichstadt, Napoleon Francots Charles Joseph, Duke Of, Described By The J3onapartists As Napoleon Ii., Was The Son Of The First Napoleon By Maria Louisa Of Austria, And Was Born At Paris, Mar. 20, 1811. His Father's Joy At His Birth Was Unbounded. "cott •n Roi De Rome," He Cried To ...

Nicholas Ridley
Ridley, _nicholas, One Of The Most Noted Leaders Of The Reformation In England In The 16th C., Was A Native Of Northumberland, And B. About The Commencement Of The Century. He Was Educated At The Foundation-school Of Newcastle-upon-tyne; And Sub Sequently At Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. He Became A Fellow Of ...

Nicholas Rowe
Rowe, 'nicholas, A Dramatic Poet And Translator, The Contemporary And Friend Of Cougreve, Addison, Steele. And The Other Wits Of The Queen Anne Period, Was The Son Of A Sergeant-at-law, And Was Born At Little Barford, In Derbyshire, In 1673. He Was Edu Cated At Westminster, And Studied Law In ...

Nicolas Poussin
Poussin, Nicolas, A Painter Of Great Celebrity, Born Near Le Grand-andely, In Nor Mandy, In 1593 Or 1594, Was First A Pupil Of Quintin Varin, Then Painting Pictures For The Church Of Grand-andely; But At The Age Of 18 Went To Paris, Studied Under Ferdinand Elle, The Fleming, Lallemand, And ...

Of The Embryo
Of The Embryo. We Shall Conclude With A Brief Notice Of The Mode Or Modes Of Reproduction In The Different Classes Of Animals, Beginning With The Lowest. In The Subkingdom Protozoa, Reproduction Takes Place By All Three Modes, Viz., By Fission, Gemination, And Impregnated Ova; But Fission Is Here The ...

Offenses Agast Post Office
Post-office, Offenses Agast. Owing To The Conspicuous Part Which The Post Office Plays In Modern Civilization, A Small Code Of Laws Belongs To It, The Substance Of Which Is As Follows: Every Person Employed By The Post-office Who Steals A Post-letter, Is Guilty Of Felony ; And If It Contain ...

Organs And Process Of
Respiration, Organs And Process Of, The Great Objects Of Respiration Or Breath Ing Are, First, The Introduction Into The System Of Oxygen, By Which The Products Result Ing From The Disintegration Or Breaking Up Of The Muscular, Nervous, And Other Tissues Of The Converted Into Compounds, Which Are Easily Eliminated ...

Oxford Queens College
Queen's College, Oxford. In 1340 Robert De Eglesfield, Chaplain Or Confessor To Queen Philippa, Founded, By License From Edward Iii., A Collegiate Hall In Oxford, Under The Name Of The Hall Of The Queen's Scholars. In His Statutes He Sets Forth His Motives And Objects With Unusual Minuteness. Theological Study ...

Parliamentary Reform
Reform, Parliamentary. The Naive Generally Given To The Acts Which Passed The Legislature Of The United Kingdom In 1822, By Which An Extensive Change Was Made In The System Of Parliamentary Representation. Parliamentary Reform Had For Many Years Before Been A Topic Of Popular Agitation. So Far Back As 1782, ...

Of The Body Regions
Regions, Of The Body, Various Portions Of The Surface Of The Human Body Into Which It Has Been Divided By Anatomists For Convenience Of Description. The System Of Division Varies, Sometimes Being General, Sometimes More Or Less Specific, Or Minute. Thus, In General Terms, We May Speak Of The Thoracic ...

Or Arabian Red Sea
Red Sea, Or Arabian Getz', An Inlet Of The Indian Ocean, In Form A Long And Nar Row Gulf, Stretching U.w. From The Strait Of Bab-el-mandeb (lat. 12° 40' U.), By Which It Communicates With The Gulf Of Aden, To The Isthmus Of Suez (hit. 80° N.), Which Parts It ...

Or Boxing Pugilism
Pugilism, Or Boxing, Is The Art Of Defending One's Self Or Attacking Others With The Weapons Which Nature Has Bestowed—viz., Fists 'and Arms. The Origin Of Boxing, Or The Use Of The Fists, Is Likely As Old As Man Himself. We Find Numerous Allusions To It In The Classic Authors. ...

Or Cole Seed Rape
Rape, Or Cole-seed (brassica Napes; See Brassica), A Biennial Plant Much Cultivated Bath On Account Of Its Herbage And Its. Oil-producing Seeds. It Is A Native Of Europe, And Perhaps Of England; But It Is Hard To Say Where It Is Truly Indigenous And Where Naturalized. It Is So Nearly ...

Or Colorado Potato Beetle
Potato Bug, Or Colorado Potato Beetle, A Name Now Generally Applied To A Coleopterons Insect, The Don/pliora Decem-lineata Of Say. It Is Indigenous To The Canons And Table-lands Of The Rocky Mountains, Where It Feeds Upon Various Wild Species Of Solanum (s. Rostratum And Cornuturn). As The Cultivated Potato Began ...

Or Cougar Puma
Puma, Or Cougar, Felts Concolor, Leopardus Concolor, Or Puma Canceler, One Of The Largest Of The American/el/0w, Rivaled Only By The Jaguar. It Is Sometimes Called The American Lion, Although It Is More Allied To The Leopard, Notwithstanding Its Want Of Spots And Stripes. It Is From 4 To 44- ...

Or Ergotism Raphania
Raphania, Or Ergotism, Is A Disease Whielrwas Much More Prevalent Some Cen Turies Ago Than It Is At Present. It Is Defined As "a Train Of Morbid Symptoms, Produced By The Slow And Cumulative Action Of A Specific Poison Peculiar To Wheat And Rye, And Which Gives Rise To Convulsions, ...

Or Indian Prickly Pear
Prickly Pear, Or Indian Fin, Opuntia, A Genus Of Plants Of The Natural Order Comne (q.v.), Having A Fleshy Stem, Generally Formed Of Compressed Articulations, Sonic Times Of Cylindrical Articulations; Leafless, Except That The Youngest Shoots Produce Small Cylindrical Leaves, Which Soon Fall Off; Generally Covered With Clusters Of Strong ...

Or Kings Benoit Queens
Queen's Bench, Or King's Benoit, One Division Of The High Court Of Justice, Other Four Divisions Being Chancery, Common Pleas, Exchequer, And Probate. The King's Bench Was So Called From The Origin Of The Court, Inasmuch As The King Used To Sit There In Per Son. In Cromwell's Time It ...

Or Loggans Rocking Stones
Rocking-stones, Or Loggans, Are Large Masses Of Rock So Finely Poised As To Move Backward And Forward With The Slightest Impulse. They Occur In Nearly Every Coun Try. Some Of Them Appear To Be Natural, Others Artificial; The Latter Seem To Have Been Formed By Cutting Away A Mass Of ...

Or Panjab Punjab
Punjab, Or Panjab (from Two Persian Words Signifying Five Rivers:" The Pata Jrotamia Of The Greeks), Is An Extensive Territory In The N.w. Of Hindustan, Watered By The Indus, And Its Five Greataffinents—the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Bens, And Slitlej, And Forms A British Possession Since Feb., 1849. It Is The ...

Or Piilo Pinang Prince
Prince Of Wales Island, Or Pii'lo Pinang' (betel Nut Island), An Important British Possession, And One Of The Straits Settlements (q V.), Lies At The Mouth Of The Strait Of Malacca, Near The W. Coast Of The Malay Peninsula, In Lat. 5° 16'-5° 30' N., And Long. 100° 9'-100° 25' ...

Or Porpesse Porpoise
Porpoise, Or Porpesse, Phocwna, A Genus Of Cetacea, Of The Family Delphinidw, Having A Form Similar To The Dolphins, But The Muzzle Short, Uniformly Convex, And A Beak; A Dorsal Lin; The Teeth Very Numerous, Simple, And Equal. The Common Porpoise (p. Co»tmunis) Is The Most Plentiful Of The Cetacea ...

Or Potato Murrain Potato
Potato Disease, Or Potato Murrain. No Subject Connected With Agriculture Or With Botany Has Given Rise Within So Short A Time To So Extensive A Literature As This. It Has Been Treated In Books And Pamphlets, And In Magazines And Periodicals Of Every Kind. The Terrible Famines Caused By The ...

Or Ptolemy Vii
Ptolemy Vii., Or Etergetes Ii., Best Known By The Nickname Privscon.. Or Big Belly, Ascended The Throne After The Death Of His Brother. He Married His Brother's Sister And Widow, Cleopatra (who Was Also His Own Sister), And On The Same Day Murdered Her Infant Son Ptolemy Eupator, Whom She ...

Or Public Domain Of
Public Domain Of The United States, Or The Lands Owned By The Government In Trust For The People, Amounted In All, Including Sales And Grants That Have Been Made From Them To 2,012,784 Sq. Tn., Or 1,864,382.2.23 Acres. The Larger Portion Had Not Been Surveyed When The Government Adopted The ...

Or Puna Poona
Poona, Or Puna, The Capital Of It District Of British India, Of The Same Name, In The Presidency Of Bombay, Is Situated On The Small River Moota, Near Its Confluence With The Moola, In A Treeless Plain About 74 M. S.e. Of Bombay. Its Present Pop. Is Esti Mated (1872) ...

Or Punch
Punch, Or The London The English Comic Journal Par Excellence,'is A Weekly Magazine Of Wit, Humor, And Satire In Prose And Verse, Copiously Illustrated By Sketches, Caricatures; And Emblematical Devices. It Draws Its Materials As Freely From The Most Exalted Spheres Of Foreign Politics As From The Provincial Nursery; And, ...

Or Pylus
Pylus, Or Pylos, An Ancient T. Of 3lessenia In The Peloponnesus, From Which Homer's Nestor Is Supposed To Have Come, Though The Poet May Have Referred To The City Of The Same Name In Triphylia. After The Second Messenian War The Old City Was Destroyed By The Inhabitants; But Ii.c. ...

Or Raccoon
Raccoon', Or Racoon, Procyon, A Genus Of Quadrupeds Of The Bear Family, Vrskkr, But Differing Widely From The Typical Members Of That Family, In Being Less Perfectly Plantigrade, The Whole Sole Of The Foot Being Indeed Rested On The Ground When The Ani Mal Is Still, But Being Partly Raised ...

Or Rachitis Rickets
Rickets, Or Rachi'tis (from The Gr. Rhachis, The Spine, Because A Peculiar Form Of Spinal Curvature, Results From The Affection), Is Regarded By Some Writers As A Special Disease Of The Bones, And By Others As Merely One Of The Various Forms Of Scrofula. Whichever View Be Correct, There Can ...

Or Raffaello Santi Raphael
Raphael, Or Raffaello Santi, Or Sanzio, Called By His Countrymen N "the Divine," Is Ranked By Almost Universal Opinion As The Greatest Of Painters. He Was B. At Urbino Iu 1483• And In 1497, On The Death Of His Father, Giovanni &hifi, Who Was His First Instructor, He Was Placed ...

Or Rakshas
Rakshas, Or Riksilisa, Is, In Hindu Mythology, The Name Of A Class Of Evil Spirits S Or Demons, Who Are Sometimes Imagined As Attendants On Kuvera, The God Of Riches,•and Guardians Of His Treasures, But More Frequently As Mischievous, Cruel, And Hideous Mon Sters. Haunting Cemeteries, Devouring Human Beings, And ...

Or Ratisbon Regensburg
Re'gensburg, Or Ratisbon (lat. Reginum, Radespona), The Capital Of Time Bavarian Province Of Oberpfalz And Regensburg, Is Situated On The Right Bank Of The Danube, At The Mouth Of The Regen, 65 M. N.n.e. Of Munich. Pop. '75, 31,487. Regensburg, Which Was Formerly A Free City Of The Empire And ...

Or Recent
Recent, Or Liuman Period, In Geology, Is The Title Given To The Epoch That Has Elapsed Since Man Made His Appearance On The Globe. The Causes That Operated Through Out The Ages Of Geological Time To Produce The Changes Recorded In The Various Sedimen Tray Deposits, Did Not Terminate With ...

Or Reims Rheims
Rheims, Or Reims, A City And Archiepiscopal See In The Department Of :marne, France, 'hunted On The Vesle (a Tributary Of The Aisne), 107 In. E.n.e. Of Paris, By The Paris And Strasburg Railway. Rheims A Very Ancient City, Is Built On The Site Of Durocortorum, Is By Julius Caesar ...

Or Reproduction
Reproduction, Or The Propagation Of Organized Beings In The Animal Kingdom Is Accomplished By Three Different Processes. The First Of The Three Processes By Which The Multiplication Of Individuals Takes Place Consists In The Division Of One Organism Into Two, Each Of These, Again, Dividing Into Two Others, And So ...

Or Rhyme
Rhyme, Or Itumme, Is More Properly, Perhaps, Written Rime, As It Does Nut Seem To Be Derived Front The Greek Rhythm, But To He A Native Teutonic Word. From The Same Root, Probably. As Ger. Reihc, A Row, Verb Rethen, To Array; Also Reihen, A Song Or A Chain-dance, Of ...

Or Romania
Romania, Or Rumanta (often Written Bou3iania). See The Article Moldavia And Wallacuia, To Which This Short Notice Serves As A Continuation And Conclusion. A Mili Tary Revolt Took Place In Feb., 1866, Which Resulted In The Deposition Of Prince Couza Alexander John I. The Count Of Flanders, Younger Brother Of ...

Or Rotatoria
Rotatoria, Or Rotifeata, Popularly Known As Wheel-animalcules, Derive Their Name From The Latin Word Rota, A Wheel. They Have Received These Names On Account Of The Apparent Rotation Of Certain Disk-like Ciliated Organs Which Surround The Mouth. Although Some Of The Larger Forms May He Detected With The Naked Eye, ...

Or Rudolf
Rudolf, Or Ronolf, Of The Founder Of The Imperial Dynasty Of Austria. Which For A Time Was That Of Germany, Was B. In 1218, And Was The Son Of Albert, Count Of Hapsburg And Hedwig Of Kyburg-zitringen. Rudolf Early Exhibited Grez.t Personal Daring And Military Skill, And Acquired Celebrity In ...

Or Sucking Fish Remora
Remora, Or Sucking-fish, Echeneis, A Genus Of Fishes Which Cuvier Placed Among The Discoboli (q.v.), But Which Muller Assigns To The Order Anacanths, And Regards As Con Stituting An Entire Family, Echeneithe. Their Chief Relation To The Discoboli, Indeed, Is In The Possession Of A Sucker, By Which To Affix ...

Or Waterbrasii Pyrosis
Pyro'sis, Or Waterbrasii, Is A Modification Of Dyspepsia, Or Indigestion, Character Ized By A Burning Sensation At The Pit Of The Stomach, Followed By The Eructation Of A Considerable Quantity Of A Thin, Watery Fluid, Which Is Generally Tasteless, But Sometimes. Sour, And Is Often Described By The Patient As ...

Or Wood Vinegar Pyroligneous
Pyrolig'neous Acid, Or Wood Vinegar, A Crude Commercial From Of Acetic Acid (q.v.). It Is Made By The Destructive Distillation Of Wood, And Contains, Besides Acetic Acid, Tar And Other Products, Which Have To He Removed If It Is Required In A Very Pure State. Generally, It Is Obtained In ...

Or The Purples Purpura
Purpura, Or The Purples, Is A Malady Which Is Often Erroneously Placed Among The Diseases Of The Skin. It Is In Reality A Blood Disease. And Is Characterized By The Appearance Of Small Round Spots, Of A Deep Purple Color, Which Are Seen First And Most Abundantly On The Legs, ...