Architectural Drawings

Li Fig. 14 we see drawings of elevations and sections of various portions of a living room and dining room, giving all necessary information.

Fig. 15 illustrates completely the drawings necessary to show a pantry and butler's pantry.

Full-Sizing. After the contract has been awarded, the general working drawings will have to be supplemented by drawings of differ ent portions of the work at a large scale. Usu ally these are drawn at actual or full size. In order to have your profiles and outlines made just as you intended, this method of drawing all parts of construction at the actual size is imperative.

Take an example. You wish the plate-rail in the dining room made just so. Then you will have to draw this part of the work the actual size. If you do not do this, the contractor will put in a plate-rail of a stock pattern; that is. he will select some pattern that he can buy from a planing mill, and will use this. It is the cheapest way to do, for him; therefore you can not blame him for saving anything he can, if the exact style is not definitely shown.

In full-sizing, it will be well for the drafts man to be familiar with the usual method of doing things, making his details practical as well as indicating the profile. The cornice should be shown; the interior finish; the method of mak ing the window-frames; all unusual woodwork; the construction of the beams for a beamed ceil ing; all sheet-metal work, such as gutters, cornices, etc.; all stonework, such as water tables, window-sills, and door-step; all plaster work, such as ornamental cornices, and method of supporting under unusual conditions. You

will hear it asked: "Why is it necessary to spend all this time detailing, when the contractor or the planing mill have their own way of doing these things'?" There is just the point. They certainly have a way of doing things; but nat urally their way is the cheapest way; therefore, give them details of how you want this work done, and see that it is done your way. Dimen sions on full-size details are unnecessary.

Fig. 16 is a reproduction of a sheet of full size details.

A word might be said as to the method of getting out these details. The drawing is first made on detail paper, a heavy yellow paper. A soft pencil should be used, as it makes the lines more distinct and is easily changed or erased. After the drawing is completed on this paper, then use a cheap, thin paper, and trace through, using a broad, heavy line and colored crayon for cross-sectioning the sections of the work. Yel low is generally used for wood, red for brick, green for stone, blue for iron or steel, and brown for terra-cotta. A second tracing is also made. Thus we have three copies of each detail—one for filing in the office for future reference, and two for the contractor. One of the copies made on tracing paper is usually kept in the office, since it can be folded up to a convenient size and filed, the original and one copy on thin paper going to the contractor.