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New International Encyclopedia, Volume 3

Busche
Busche, Bn'she, N Von Dem ( 1468 1534). A German Scholar. Born At Sassenberg, Iu Westphalia. He Studied At Heidelberg, At 'min Gen, And In Italy, Where He Became Versed In Latin, And After His Return To Germany Traveled About From One University Centre To Another, Lec Turing On The ...

Bushmaster
Bushmaster (*master Of The Bush'). The Largest Known Venomous Snake (lachesis Mut Us) , A Pit-viper Of The Rattlesnake Family, Closely Re Lated To The Fer-de-lance, And Inhabiting The Amazonian Region. "in Length It Equals The Hamadryad, And In Thickness The Large African Viper." Specimens 9 Feet In Length Were ...

Bussy Rabutin
Bussy-rabutin, Bn'sp' Ra'bu'van', Roger, Comte De (1618-93). A French Soldier And Courtier, The Author Of The Llistoire Amoureuse Des Gaules (1665). This Work Is A Thinly Veiled Version Of The Notorious Court Scandals Of His Own Time, And In Part, At Least, Of His Own Creation. It Created A Deep ...

Bustard
Bustard (variant Of Bistard, Of. Bistarde, Oustardr, From Lat. Axis Tarda ; Axis, Bird, Tarda. Slow). One Of The Large Game-birds Of The Old World Family Otididte, Which Partakes Of The Characteristics Of Both The Cranes And The Plovers. They Inhabit Open Country, Being Par Tial To The Steppes Of ...

Butte
Butte. A City And County-seat Of Silverbow County. Mont., On The Western Slope Of A Range Of The Rocky Mountains, And On The Oregon Short Line. The Northern Pacific. The Great Northern, And The Montana Union (owned By The Northern Pacific) Railroads (map: Montana, C 2). It Has A Healthful ...

Butter
Butter I Lat. Butyrum, Gk. [from Scythian, Probably] Polisrpos, Boutyron, From /las, Boas, Cow + Typos, Tyros, Cheese). A Substance Made From The Fat Of Milk Or Cream By Churning And Working To Separate The Water And Other Con Stituents. It Has Been Known Since A Period Prior To The ...

Butter Making
Butter-making. The Process Of Making Butter From Cow's Milk Is Divided Into The Opera Tions Of Creaming, Churning, And Working Or Finishing. The Fat In Milk Exists In The Form Of Minute Globules In Suspension. In The Opera Tion Of Creaming. The Separation Of These Globules From The Rest Of ...

Butter Tree
Butter-tree. A Name Given To Several Filmic:ii Trees, Of Different Orders. The Fruit Of Whieh Yield Complex Fixed Oils, Having, Somewhat The Appearance, And Used For The Purpose, Of Butter. The Butter-trees Of India And Africa Belong To The Genus Bassia, Of The Order Sapo Tacem; The Butter-trees Of Guiana ...

Butterflies And Moths
Butterflies And Moths (the Name Is Probably Due To The Popular Belief That It Steal,: Butter And Milk; Or It May Refer To The Color Of The Excrement; Ef. Dutch Boterschijte, Schett 1. Insects Of The Order Lepidoptera Which Are Not Separable By Any Distinct Line Of Structural Char Acters. ...

Button
Button (fr. Boa Ton, Bud, Button, Knob. Literally Something Pushing Out, From Bouter, To Push; Ef. Engl. Butt). A Term Applied To The Xvell-known Appendages To Dress Used Either For Fastening Or For Ornament; To A Sort Of Oblong Latch Used By Joiners And Cabinet-makers For Fastening The Lids Of ...

Buttress Of
Buttress (of. Boutcrets, From Banter, Boter, To Thrust). A Structure, Usually In The Form Of A Pier, Erected For The Purpose Of Giving Additional Stability To A Wall. It Is Not Par Ticularly Necessary, Except In Vaulted Construc Tion, So Little Trace Of It Is Found In Egyptian Or Greek ...

Buzzard Of
Buzzard (of. Buzart, Fr. Base, From Low Lat. Busk), Lat. Butco. A Kind Of Falcon Or Hawk). A Hawk Of The Genus Bute°, A Widely Distributed Group. They Are Of Medium Or Rather Large Size, Heavy-bodied, Of Strong But Nwasured Flight. They Are Not. So Spirited As The Falcons (q.v.) ...

Bvsiness
Bvsiness Distarcr. Near The Lower End Of Fulton Street The Great Level Of Low Buildings, Which Are Characteristic. Of Brooklyn, Is Broken By A Cluster Of Tall Structures, Marking One Of The Most Compact Shopping Districts In The World, A District Etmtaining Both Giant Stores And Small Shops By The ...

By The Laity
By The Laity. The Roman Catholic And Prot Estant Churches Differ On This Point, In That The Former Prints Authorized Translations And Re Quests The Faithful To Restrict Their Reading To Them, And Makes All Their Translations From The Latin Vulgate Text : Whereas, The Latter As Such Authorizes No ...

Byzantine Art
Byzan'tine Art. Broadly Speaking, The Art That Flourished Throughout The Byzantine Empire. From The Time When Constantine The Great Made Constantinople (byzantium) His Capital, A.d. 330, To The Capture Of The City By The Turks In 1453. The Term May Be Applied To Christian Art Of The Oriental And Hellenic ...

Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire, Also Styled The East Roman, Eastern. Greek, Or Later Roman Empire; But A Better Name Is 'the Empire Of New Rome.' On The Death Of Theodosius (q.v.), In 395. The Roman Empire Was Divided Between His Two Sons, Arcadius, Who Had The Eastern Half, With His Capital At ...

Byzantium
Byzantium, Bi-z:in'shi-fun (gk. 7101% Byzantion). A City Which Stood On The Thracian Bosporus, At The East End Of The Pro Pontis. It Was Founded About It.c. Go, By Dorian Colonists. Probably From Megara, And Rapidly Rose In Importance As A Seat Of Com Merce. Its Position Was At Once Secure ...

C1edmon
C1edmon, Kiid'mon. An Poet Of The Seeond Half Of The Seventh Century. The Only Information Of Any Weight Concerning Him Is In Bede's Ecelesiast Lea 1 History (iv . 24), Which Was Completed In 731. According To Bede, Ciedmon Was A Man Of 'secular Habit.' Liv Ing In The Monastery ...

Cabbage Diseases
Cabbage Diseases. Cabbage Is Subject To Two Parasitic Diseases, Both Of Which Are Often Very Destructive. The First Of These Is Clubroot, Due To A Low Fungus. Plasmediephera Bressiece, Which Causes Peculiar Swellings And Outgrowths From The Of The Cabbage, Often The Whole Root System Being Involved. (see Cia:droot. ) ...

Cabbage Insects
Cabbage Insects. Many Insects Infest Cabbage-plants. The Chief Of Which Are As Follows: Eabbage-aphix.—a Plant-ifinse (.4phis Bras Sica') Brownish-black Above, Light-green Below. Which Infests The Leaves Of Cabbages And Turnips In Both Europe And America. See Aphids. Rah Laye.lium—a Pentatomid Hug (margantia Trieniee) Called The 'harlequin.' On Account Of Its ...

Cabbage Tree
Cabbage-tree. See Anpira. Cabbala (med. Lat., Neb. Gabbaleth, Re Ception, As Of Traditional Doctrine, From Gibbel, To Receive, Accept, Admit). The Designation Of A Mystical System Of Philosophy Which Arose Among The Jews At The Beginning Of The Com Mon Era, As A Reaction Against The Sober And Austere Form ...

Cabbage Of
Cabbage (of. Calms In Chew Calms, Headed Eole, 0i1g. Kabuz, Ger. Kappus, Kappes, From Lat. Coput, Head) (brassiea Elcracca). A Plant In General Cultivation For Culinary Purposes And :for Feeding Cattle. It Is A Native Of The Rocky Shores Of Great Britain And Other Parts Of Europe, And In Its ...

Cabet
Cabet, Kft'bte. Etienne (1788-1856). A French Communist, Born January 1, 1788, At Dijon. Cabet Was A True Product Of The Intel Lectual And Social Reconstruetionists Of The Era Of The Revolution. Ile Was Educated As A Lawyer, Beeame An Efficient Government Official As Procureur-oen6ral In Corsica, Representing The Government Of ...

Cabinet
Cabinet (originally The Closet Or Private Apartment Of A Monarch, In Which He Consults With His Most Trusted Advisers; Hence, Some Times As A Term Of Contempt, Those Who Frequent The King's Closet. See Cabinet Above). The Col Lective Body Of Official Advisers Of The Executive Head Of The State. ...

Cable
Cable, Strictly Speaking, A Com Bination Of Two Or More Separately Insulated Electric Conductors With A Protective Covering Or Armor. Popular Usage Sanctions The Extension Of The Term Electric Cable To Simple Insulated And Armored Wires And To Ropes Of Twisted Wires Without Either Insulation Or Armor. For The Present ...

Cableway
Cableway. A Hoisting And Conveying De Vice, Employing A Suspended Cable As A Trackway, And Differing Frolic Ropeways (q.•.), Which Can Not Be Used For Hoisting, Being Limited To The Sole Function Of Conveying. While Rope Ways Date Hack To The Early Part Of The Nineteenth Cen Tury. The Cableway ...

Cabral
Cabral, Ka-brill', Or Cabrera, Ka-brivra, Penno Alvarez (1460-1526). A Portuguese Navi Gator. His Public Life, As Far As Known, Was Lim Ited To The Brief Period 1500-01. When He Was In Charge Of A Fleet Fitted Out By King Emmanuel, Destined For The East Indies. With 13 Vessels And About ...

Cacao
Cacao, Kit-kn'6 Or Kfi'ka, Or Cocoa, Kvia( (sp.. From Files. Coca Nail, Coca-tree). The Differ Ent Kinds Of Cacao Either Consist Of, Or Are Pre Pared From, The Seeds Of Trees Of The Genus Theo Broma ((1k.. 'food Of The Which Contains A Number Of Species. Trees Of Moderate Size ...

Cactus
Cactus (lat., From Gk. Kaktos). A General Name Given To The Peculiar Plants Which Belong To The Family Cactacea'. These Plants Have Been Specially Adapted To The Arid Regions Of America. They Are Chiefly Displayed In Mexico, But Are Very Abundant Also Along The Mexican Border Of The United States, ...

Caddis Fly
Caddis-fly. A Neurupteroid Insect Of The Order Trichopterag The Larva: Of Which, Usually Aquatic, Are Eommonly Known As Ease-worms. Caddis-flies Show Inneh Resemblance To Small Moths, On Account Of Their Long Antenna-, Moth Like Wings, And Nocturnal Flight. The Body And Wings Are Hairy. And Some Species Possess Scales. Four ...

Cadence
Cadence (med. Lat. Cadentia, From Cadere, To Fall). The 'fall' Or Close Of A Musical Phrase Or Period. The Term May Apply To A Melodic As Well As An Harmonic Ending, And Does Not Neces Sarily Imply A 'fall' In Pitch. In The Most Satis Factory Final Cadence, Called Perfect, ...

Cadillac
Cadillac, Ka'divyille. Antoine De La Motile ( C.1660-1720). A French Military Officer, The Founder Of Detroit, Mich. Ile Was Born In Gaseony. Of A Noble French Family. Spent Some Time In Acadia As A Captain In The French Army, And In 1694 Was Appointed By Frontenae Com Mander Of Michilimackinac. ...

Cadmium
Cad'mium (neo-lat., From Lat. Cadmia; See A Metallic Element Discovered In 1817 By Stromever. It Is Not Found Native, But Occurs As The Sulphide In The Mineral Greenoekite, And In Association With Zinc Ores. Greenockite Is Found In Bohemia And In Hungary; Also In Le High County. Pa., But In ...

Caen
Caen, Kits (anciently, Lat. Cadmim). The Capital Of The Department Of Calvados, France. Formerly The Capital Of Lower Normandy, Situ Ated On The Left Bank Of The Orne, About 9 Miles From Its Mouth And 149 Miles West-north West Of Paris (map: France, 2). Caen Is Built In The Middle ...

Caffeine
Caffeine, Kat-win, The'ine, Or Gua Ranine, ( Brazil) (from Neo-lat. Coffee, Coffee), C,}1.„n,o,± Ho. An Alkaloid Found In Tea, Coffee, And Other Ve;etable Products. It Is A Solid Substance, In Long, Flex Ible, Colorless Needles, Which Melt At 225° C. It Combines With The Strong Mineral Acids To Form Salts, ...

Cage Birds
Cage-birds. The Practice Of Keeping Birds In Captivity For The Enjoyment Of Their Songs, Or For Entertainment From Their Habits, Or For Admiration Of Their Beauty, Dates Back So Far That We Have No Knowledge Of Its Origin. It Ex Isted Among The Nations Of Asia Before The Time Of ...

Cagliari
Cagliari, Kft-lyivre (anciently, Lat. Care Lis). An Archiepiscopal City Of Italy, Capital Of The Province Of Cagliari And Of The Island Of Sardinia, At The Southern End Of Which It Is Situated. It Is On The Slope Of A Steep Hill 300 Feet High Which Overlooks The Gulf Of Ca ...

Cagliostro
Cagliostro, Ka-lytl'stro, Alessandro, Count (1743-95). An Italian Impostor, Whose Real Name Was Giuseppe Balsamo. He Was Born In Palermo, Of Poor Parentage. June 2, 1743. When Thirteen Years Old He Ran Away From A Seminary Where He Had Been Placed, And Was Afterwards Sent To A Monastery At Cartagiore. Here ...

Caiaphas
Caiaphas, Ka•ya-fas. A High Priest Of The Jews, Appointed By The Roman Procurator, Va Lerius Gratus, In The Reign Of Tiberius Caesar, At The Begineing Of Christ's Ministry. Ile Was In Office At The Time Of The Trial Ind Crucifixion Of Jesus, But Was Removed By Viten Us A.d. :37 ...

Cairnes
Cairnes, Karnz, Join Eli.iott (1823-75). An Irish Economist. He Was Born At Castle Bell Ingham, County Louth, December 29. 1823. And Was Educated At Trinity College, Dublin. He Studied Law, And Was Admitted To The Irish Bar, But Passed Most Of His Time In Writing For The Press, Chiefly Upon ...

Canon Of The New
( ) Canon Of The New Testament. The His Tory Of The New Testament Canon Is The History Of The New Testament Writings Viewed As An Au Thoritative And Closed Collection. It Inquires As To The Estimation In Which These Writings Were Held By The Early Church; How And When ...

Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo 1760
Botta, Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo 1760 '837 ) An 'italian Historian. Ile Was Born In Sall Giorgio Del Canavese. Piedmont, November 6, 1766, Studied Medicine In Turin, And, Because Of His Active Sympathy With The French Revolu Tion, Was Arrested And Imprisoned In 1792. Upon His Release, In 1794, Botta Went ...

Carpentry
Carpentry Is The Process Of Cutting, Framing, And Joining The Timbers Of Buildings By Means Of Hand-tools. In Building Work, It Includes The Framing Of The Main Structural Skeleton Or Framework, Covering It With Rough Boarding,. Clapboards, Shingles, Etc., The Construction Of Windows And Door-frames And Of Cornices, Gutters, Etc. ...

Casarea
Cas'are'a (gk.katatipeta,kaisareia) Palc Estrn/e. An Ancient Seacoast Town Of Pales Tine, On The Site Of Which Is The Modern El Kaisariyeh, 32 Miles North Of Jaffa (map: Pales Tine, B 2). It Was Built By Herod The Great And Named In Honor Of Augustus Caesar. The Site Was Originally Called ...

Charles Bourbon
Bourbon, Charles, Duke Of Bourbonnais (1489-1527). A French General, Known As The Constable De Bourbon. Ile Was The Son Of The Count Of Slontpensicr. In Consequence Of The Death Of His Elder Brother, And His Marriage With The Only Daughter Of The Duke Of Bourbon, He United In His Own ...

Charles Brockden 1771 1810brown
Brown, Charles Brockden ( 1771-1810) . An American Novelist And Editor. He Was Born In Philadelphia, January 17, 1771. As A Boy He Was Very Precocious And At The Age Of 11 He Entered The School Of Robert Proud, An Historian And Noted Teacher, Where He Remained For Five Years, ...

Charles Farrar 1534 67 Browne
Browne, Charles Farrar (1534-67). An American Humorist. Best Known As `artemus Ard.' Ile Was Born At Waterford, :maine, April 26, 1534. He Began Life As A Printer In The Office Of The Skowhegan Clarion, And At 15 Was A Compositor For A Comic Weekly Journal In Bos Ton, The Carpet ...

Charlotte 1800 68 Birch Pfeiffer
Birch-pfeiffer, Charlotte (1800-68). A German Actress And Playwright, Horn In Stuttgart. She Made Her &but In Munich At The Age Of 13, And Played With Great Success In Berlin, Vienna, Hamburg, Saint Petersburg, Pestim, Amsterdam, And Other Places. In 1823 She Married Dr. Christian Birch Of Copenhagen. She Managed The ...

Charlotte 181g 55 Bronte
Bronte, Charlotte (181g-55). An Eng Lish Novelist, Horn At Thornton. In The West Rid Ing Of Yorkshire, April 21, 1816. Her Father, Patrick Bronte, A Clergyman Of Irish Descent ( The Name Is Said To Have Been Originally Prunty), Re Moved, With Five Young Ehildren And An Invalid Wife, From ...

China Japan Lamais3i
China: Japan Lamais3i. Buddhismacceptswithout Questioning The Doc Trine Of Transmigration, Which Lies At The Root Of So Much That Is Strange In The Eastern Character. For A Particular Account Of This Important Doc Trine Or Notion. Which Seems Ingrained In The Constitution Of Eastern Minds. And Without A Knowledge Of ...

Churches Charities Schools And
Churches; Charities: Schools And Libra Ries. The Social Life Of This City Of Homes Centres Largely In The Churches; And Brooklyn Has Long Been Distingnished For The Number Of These, And For The Brilliant And Able Preachers Secured To Preside Over The Congregations. Among The Widely Known Brooklyn Preachers Of ...

Ciesars Household
Ciesar's Household (lat. Familia C•saris, Gk. Kalcapoc °isla, Ftf": Kaisaros A Phrase Used In The Epistle To The Philippians (iv. 22, "all The Saints Salute You, Especially They That Are Of Caesar's Household"). In Its Later And More Developed Usage, It Referred To The Imperial Household As Embracing, Not Merely ...

Ciiarles Augustus Briggs
Briggs, Ciiarles Augustus ( 1841—) . An American Theologian. Lle Was Born In New York City, -january 15, 1841; Studied At Uni Versity Of Virginia. Graduated At Union Theo Logical Seminary.. New York, 1863; Studied At Uninersity Of Berlin, Prussia, 1866-69, And Was Ordained (presbyterian) 1870. He Was Pastor At ...

Ciiemic
Ciiemic Ke Composition Of /ione. The Prin Cipal Chemical Ingredients Present In Bone Are Gelatin And Phosphate Of Lime: And The Follow Ing Table Represents The Composition In 100 Parts Of Bone Of Average Quality: The Gelatin Of Hones Remaining Behind Atter Treatment With Dilute Hydrochloric Acid Has The Size ...

Classlfication
Classlfication. The General Classification Most In Use Among Botanists At Present, Though Doubtless To Be Mollified Very Soon, Is As Follows: The Plant Kingdom Is Divided Into Four Great Fundamental Groups: (1) Thallophytes (alga• And Fungi) : (2) Bryophytes (liverworts And Mosses) ; (3) Pteridophytes (ferns. Horsetails, And Club-mosses) ; ...

Climate
Climate. Brazil Lies Almost Entirely Within The Tropics, The Region Of The Trade Winds, And Is Dependent Upon The Latter For Its Rainfall, And Upon The Atlantic As The Source Of Moisture. Wet And Dry Seasons Alternate, As The Movement Of The Trades Follows The Sun From North To South, ...

Climate And Soil
Climate And Soil. The Climate Of British Columbia Exhibits Various Constant Phases. Due To Topography And Situation. It Is. As A Whole. Far Warmer Than That Of The Eastern Coast At A Similar Latitude. As Will Be Recognized By Re Minding The Reader That Between 49° And 60° On The ...

Climate_2
Climate. The Climate Of Bulgaria Is On The Whole Healthful, With The Exception Of The Low Lands Along The Blaek Sea, Which Are Often Vis Ited By Malaria. The Climate In Eastern Ru Tuella Is Considerably Milder Than In Bulgaria Proper, Which Is Generally Attributed To The Fact That, The ...

Com Meiice And Industry
Com Meiice And Industry. Buffalo Is One Of The Most Marked Of Large American Cities In Its Recent Development, And Owes Its Prosperity To Commerce. Although The City Is So Well Located For A Great Commercial Centre, Originally The Only Harbor Was In The Shallow Water Of Buffalocreek. The United ...

Commerce
Commerce. Brazil Has A Larger Foreign Com Merce Than Any Of The South American Lics. In Lso The Exports From Brazil Were Valued At About 820.000.000; In 1890 They Rose To 8140,000.000: And In 1900 Were Estimated At $170,000,000. The Imports Amounted To 8115.000, 000 In 1890 And $122,000,000 In ...

Commerce And Industry
Commerce And Industry. Boston Is The Ter Minus Of The Boston And Albany. The Boston And Maine, The Fitchburg. And The New England Rail Roads, The Old Colony System Of The New York, New Haven And Hartford Railroad, And The Bos Ton, Revere Peach And Lynn (narrow-gauge) Itailroad. There Are ...

Commerce And Transportation
Commerce And Transportation. The Com Merce Of Burma Has Developed Along With Agri Culture, And As The Largest Product Is Rice, It Is Also The Chief Article Of Export, Usually Consti Tuting About So Per Cent. Of The Total Exports. The Foreign Trade Is Wholly Controlled By For Eigners, Mostly ...

Common Building Brick
Common Building Brick May Be Made Of Any Clay That Can Be Molded Well And Then Burned To A Hard, Uniform Texture And Red Color. Good Bricks Do Not Absorb More Than 10 Per Cent. Of Water. The Standard Size Of Brick In The United States, As Adopted By The ...

Cytology
Cytology. In Recent Years Another Definite Yield Of Botanical Research Has Been Developed, Which Deals Exclusively With The Problems Of The Cell, And Is Called Cytology (q.v.). It Is Related To Anatomy In That It Deals With Cells. Which In Their Aggregation Form The Tissues That Are The Subject Of ...

Czecuini
Czecuini, Selthin ( Lat. Meas. Blind). A Blind Pouch In The Human Intestine Into Which The Small Intestine Empties. It Is Also Called The Calm/ Coii, Or Head Of The Colon. The Colon, Or Large Intestine, Starts From It, In The Hollow Of The Right Iliac Region, And Runs Upward. ...

Daniel 1735 1820 Boone
Boone, Daniel ( 1735-1820). A Famous Backwoodsman And Pioneer. Lie Was Born In Bucks County, Pa. About 1752 His Family Moved To Holman's Ford. On The Yadkin, In North Carolina. Where Daniel Boone Became Re Markably Proficient As A Hunter And Trapper, And For A Time. Attended School. Lie Soon ...

Daniel 1831 1001 Butterfield
But'terfield, Daniel ( 1831-1001). An American Soldier. Be Was Born In Utica, N. Y., Graduated At Union College In 1819, And Subse Quently Engaged In The Transportation And Ex Press; Busines.s. In April. 1s61, He Entered The Federal Army As Colonel Of The Twelfth New' York Militia, And Soon Afterwards ...

David Colbreth 1819 59 Broderick
Bro'derick, David Colbreth (1819-59). An American Politician. He Was Born In Wash Ington, The Son Of A Stone-eutter; But Early Re Moved With His Father To New York City, Where He Attended The Publie Schools And Afterwards Learned His Father's Trade. He Then Kept A Grog Shop For Some Tine, ...

Dependence On Conditions
Dependence On Conditions. The Discovery Of Natural Selection Has Destroyed All Ground For The Belief That We. Or Any Living Beings, Ever Do Anything That Exhaustive Knowledge Of Their Material Structure And Its History May Not Some Slay Lead Us To Expect. This Is Often Held To Be Proof That ...

Description
Description. The City Occupies An Area Of 42 Square Miles. It Is Situated On Ground Rising Gradually From The Lake To An Extended Plain At An Elevation Of 50 Feet (altitude 600 Feet Above Sea-level). The Streets Generally Are Broad And Cross Each Other At Right Angles, Are Beautifully Shaded ...

Description
Description. The Original Site Of Boston, In Cluding Beacon, Copp's, And Fort Hills, All Of Which Have Been Considerably Cut Down, Though The First Still Rises To A Height Of 110 Feet. Was A Peninsula Of Less Than 800 Acres In Extent. Connected With The Mainland By An Exceedingly Narrow ...

Details
Details. The Principles Of Bookkeeping Re Main To-day Practically As Set Forth By Luca Pacioli. In Details, Appliances, And Forms, How Ever, There Have Been Many Changes. Of The Important Changes In The Forms Of Books Are Of Recent Date And Consist Largely In The Intro Duction Or Extension Of ...

Digestibility
Digestibility. The Digestibility Of Bread Is A Very Important Matter, Which Has Been Often Studied By Methods Of Artificial Digestion And By Experiments With Man. Among The Best Known Of The Latter Are Those Conducted By Meyer And Voit, Of Munich. Four Kinds Of Bread Were Used: ( 1) Rye ...

Dimitri Niriolayevitch Bludoff
Bludoff, Dimitri Niriolayevitch Count (1785-1864). A Russian Statesman, Born In The Government Of Vladimir. Studied In Moscow, Entered The Diplomat Ic Service, Was Ap Pointed Secretary Of State Under Nicholas I., And In 1832 Became Secretary Of The Interior. Ile Worked Unceasingly For The Welfare Of The Peas Ants. As ...

Diseases Of The Brain
Brain, Diseases Of The. These Consist Of Disturbances Of The Circulation: Inflammations Following Infection, Injury, Etc.; Hemorrhages, Degenerations, Scleroses, Softening, Malforma Tions, And Disorders Called Functional Because No Anatomical Lesion Is Found After Death That Is Regarded As Due To The Disorder Or Causative Of It. A Few Of The ...

Distribution Of Plants Plants
Plants, Distribution Of Plants, Ecology, Phology, Physiology, And Taxonomy A Selected List Of Elementary And Advanced Books Treating Those Subjects Is Given. Also, In Connection With The Treatment Of The Larger Groups Of Plants, The Most Important Available Literature Is Cited. Bibliography. Atkinson, Elementary Botany Bibliography. Atkinson, Elementary Botany (new ...

Don Carlos 1818 98 Buell
Buell, Don Carlos (1818-98). A Distin Guished American Soldier. Prominent On The Fed Eral Side In The Civil War. He Was Horn Near _marietta, Ohio, Within The Limits Of The Present Lowell; Graduated At West Point In 1841, And Served Iu Florida In 1841-42 Against The Semi Noles, On The ...

Double Entry
Double Entry. In Double-entry Bookkeeping, Sometimes Called The Italian Method On Account Of Its Origin, Every Transaction Requires Equal Entries On Both Sides Of The Ledger. The Number Of Entries On The Two Sides Need Not Correspond, But The Amounts Must. This Representation Of Every Transaction On Both Sides Of ...

Drawbridges
Drawbridges. Under The Generic Term Of Drawbridges Are Included All Forms Of Bridges Designed To Be Opened And Closed So As To Give Passage Alter Nately To Vessels And To The Road Or Railway Traffic Passing Over The Bridge. Drawbridges May Be Divided Into The Following Types: Swing Bridges, In ...

Durability
Durability. The Ability Of A Stone To Resist Deterioration By Changes In Weather And Tem Perature, By Chemical Agencies In The Atmos Phere And Rain, By Growing Org,anisms, And By Ordinary Wear And Tear—or, In Other Words. The Durability Of A Obviously An Important Factor In Its Value For Construction ...

Eamon 1810 77 Cabrera
Cabrera, Eamon ( 1810-77). A Leader Of The Carlist Party In Spain, Born At Tortosa, In Catalonia. At The Outbreak Of The Civil War, Following On The Death Of Ferdinand Vii., In 1833, Cabrera Joined The Carlists (q.v.) And Soon Rose To A High Command. Such Was His Reputation For ...

Earle
Earle, Baron Hailing And Bulwer (1801-72). ..1n English Diplomat And Author, Familiarly Known For Years As Sir Henry Bulwer. He Was Horn In London, February 13, 1801, A Descendant Of Illustrious Families On Both Sides. And Was Edu Cated At Sunbury. Harrow, And Cambridge. In 1822 He Published His First ...

Ebypt
Ebypt. The Earliest Egyptians Buried Their Dead In Earthen Jars Like The Babylonians, But At A Very Early Date Religion Decreed The Iweserva Tion Of The Body By Embalming And The Construc Tion Of A Tomb Of Considerable Size. Of The Four Elements Man, The Body, The Double Mr Ka, ...

Ecclesiastical Costvnie
Costvnie, Ecclesiastical.) In Eft,0 Of The In Capacity Through Age Or Infirmity Of A Diocesan Prelate, An Assistant Or Coadjutor Bishop Is Ap Pointed. Who Bears The Title Of Some Extinct See In Part Ibus In Jidclinm , It Being Contrary To An Cient Usage To Consecrate A Bishop With ...

Ecology
Ecology. A Phase Of Plant Physiology Which Has Recently Come Into Prominence As An Inde Pendent Subject Is Ecology Or (ecology (q.v.), Which Deals With The Mutual Relations Between Plants And Their Environment. Certain Phases Of Ecology. Such As Pollination, Seed-dispersal, Protection, Symbiosis, Have Long Been Studied, And Have Been ...

Education
Education. Among The Numerous Educational Establishments, The University (q.v.), With Its Splendid Library, Stands First. There Are Also An Academy Of Medicine, A Veterinary School, A Mili Tary School. A Conservatory Of Music, Numerous Scientific And Art Associations, And An Academy Of Art. The Royal Library. Founded In 1838, Has ...